{"id":46531,"date":"2020-11-20T16:20:07","date_gmt":"2020-11-20T14:20:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/non-classifiee\/jaka-jsou-rizika-nedodrzeni-vlep\/"},"modified":"2025-05-07T10:21:14","modified_gmt":"2025-05-07T08:21:14","slug":"vlep-quels-risques-cas-de-non-respect-reglementation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/nase-rady\/vlep-quels-risques-cas-de-non-respect-reglementation\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak\u00e1 rizika hroz\u00ed, pokud nebudou VLEP dodr\u017eov\u00e1ny?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co je to VLEP?<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek R4412-149 francouzsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku pr\u00e1ce stanov\u00ed v\u0161echny pr\u00e1vn\u00ed hodnoty, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba dodr\u017eovat. Existuj\u00ed dva typy expozice: expozice po dobu jednoho dne (8 hodin) nebo po dobu 15 minut. <\/p>\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/nase-rada\/co-je-to-expozicni-limit-na-pracovisti-nebo-oel\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/conseils\/valeur-limite-exposition-professionnelle-ou-vlep\/\">Limitn\u00ed hodnoty expozice na pracovi\u0161ti (OELV)<\/a> jsou vyj\u00e1d\u0159eny ve form\u011b koncentrace v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed pro danou chemickou l\u00e1tku a po stanovenou dobu. M\u00e1 se za to, \u017ee zdravotn\u00ed d\u016fsledky bude m\u00edt pouze expozice vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm koncentrac\u00edm nebo po del\u0161\u00ed dobu. <\/p>\n\n<p>Francouzsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk pr\u00e1ce stanov\u00ed hodnoty pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky. Existuje v\u0161ak mnoho v\u00fdrobk\u016f, kter\u00e9 v n\u011bm uvedeny nejsou. Doporu\u010duje se proto nahl\u00e9dnout bu\u010f do seznamu zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9ho INRS, nebo do hodnot zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00fdch zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi subjekty, zejm\u00e9na v N\u011bmecku (datab\u00e1ze GESTIS).  <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Stoj\u00ed za p\u0159e\u010dten\u00ed tak\u00e9: <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/nase-rady\/reglementation-vlep-evaluation-risque-chimique-lieu-de-travail\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"6575\">P\u0159edpisy VLEP: Jak by se m\u011blo posuzovat chemick\u00e9 riziko na pracovi\u0161ti?<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prach bez specifick\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f<\/h3>\n\n<p>Sazba, kterou je t\u0159eba dodr\u017eet u prach\u016f bez specifick\u00e9ho vlivu na zdrav\u00ed, je :<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>10 mg\/m3 pro \u010d\u00e1stice v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 10 \u00b5m<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>5 mg\/m3 pro PM 10.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Bohu\u017eel tomuto popisu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 jen m\u00e1lo \u010d\u00e1stic. Dokonce i prach, kter\u00fd se n\u00e1m zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt ne\u0161kodn\u00fd (oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd, j\u00edl, v\u00e1penec atd.), m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jemn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic velk\u00fd vliv na na\u0161e zdrav\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Prachy, na kter\u00e9 se vztahuje zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed VLEP<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>V\u0161echny prachy maj\u00ed specifickou hodnotu TLV. Tato hodnota odpov\u00edd\u00e1 \u010dasov\u011b v\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 koncentraci \u010d\u00e1stic povolen\u00e9 v d\u00fdchac\u00ed z\u00f3n\u011b pracovn\u00edka po dobu 8 hodin. VLEP m\u00e1 chr\u00e1nit pracovn\u00edka ve st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9m a dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu p\u0159ed \u0161kodliv\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dinky t\u00e9to zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tky.  <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed informace: <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/nase-rady\/vlep-filtration-de-poussiere-reglementation\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"6346\">Filtrace prachu a VLEP a p\u0159edpisy<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prachy podl\u00e9haj\u00edc\u00ed kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 OEL (STEL)<\/h3>\n\n<p>TLV odpov\u00edd\u00e1 maxim\u00e1ln\u00edmu limitu, kter\u00e9mu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt obsluha vystavena po dobu 15 minut. Tato hodnota m\u00e1 chr\u00e1nit obsluhu p\u0159ed okam\u017eit\u00fdmi nebo kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdmi toxick\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dinky. Podle agentury ANSES v\u0161ak <em>&#8222;nen\u00ed ur\u010dena k prevenci v\u00fdskytu mo\u017en\u00fdch chronick\u00fdch zdravotn\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f, kter\u00e9 by mohly b\u00fdt d\u016fsledkem opakovan\u00e9 expozice<\/em> &#8222;. A d\u00e1le: <em>&#8222;U jin\u00fdch l\u00e1tek je doporu\u010dena hodnota VLCT-15min, kter\u00e1 podle p\u0159edpis\u016f odpov\u00edd\u00e1 koncentraci chemick\u00fdch \u010dinidel m\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 po dobu 15 minut, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jejich toxikologick\u00fd profil ukazuje, \u017ee mohou zp\u016fsobit z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd, potenci\u00e1ln\u011b nevratn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek po dobu expozice mnohem krat\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 15 minut<\/em> &#8222;.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee a\u010dkoli pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed normy, rizika pro zam\u011bstnance z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e1. <strong>INRS d\u016frazn\u011b doporu\u010duje dr\u017eet se v\u00fdrazn\u011b pod t\u011bmito hodnotami, aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo jak\u00e9mukoli riziku nemoci z povol\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak\u00e1 jsou trestn\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00ed rizika pro \u0159editele spole\u010dnost\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00fdzkum zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jemn\u00fdmi \u010d\u00e1sticemi se rozb\u011bhl v souvislosti s probl\u00e9mem azbestu. P\u0159esto\u017ee \u0161kodliv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky jemn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic je\u0161t\u011b nebyly zn\u00e1my, podniky byly v d\u016fsledku nemoc\u00ed z povol\u00e1n\u00ed pohn\u00e1ny p\u0159ed soud. <\/p>\n\n<p>Zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt \u010din\u011bni <strong>ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u011b odpov\u011bdn\u00fdmi<\/strong>, pokud k nemoci z povol\u00e1n\u00ed nebo k pracovn\u00edmu \u00farazu dojde (nebo m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt) v d\u016fsledku zavin\u011bn\u00ed zam\u011bstnavatele, tj. pokud zam\u011bstnavatel nesplnil sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed povinnosti vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed ze z\u00e1kon\u00edku pr\u00e1ce. Ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost zam\u011bstnavatele vede k n\u00e1hrad\u011b \u0161kody ve form\u011b od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 hrad\u00ed podnik (nebo jeho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti) vedle z\u00e1kladn\u00edho od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n<p>Nemocn\u00fd zam\u011bstnanec obdr\u017e\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed d\u00e1vky:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de hrazen\u00e1 spole\u010dnost\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kompenza\u010dn\u00ed denn\u00ed d\u00e1vky.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u016fchod v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b invalidity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Krom\u011b toho bude muset zam\u011bstnavatel vypl\u00e1cet dopl\u0148kov\u00e9 d\u00e1vky ve v\u00fd\u0161i <strong>90 % hrub\u00e9 mzdy za prvn\u00edch 30 dn\u016f<\/strong> nep\u0159\u00edtomnosti v pr\u00e1ci, <strong>za dal\u0161\u00edch 30 dn\u016f<\/strong> pak <strong>66,66 %,<\/strong> s v\u00fdjimkou zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edpad azbestu ukazuje, \u017ee spole\u010dnost se m\u016f\u017ee ocitnout p\u0159ed soudem, pokud se u zam\u011bstnance objev\u00ed nemoc z povol\u00e1n\u00ed, i kdy\u017e \u0161kodliv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky nejsou zn\u00e1my. Zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 maj\u00ed povinnost chr\u00e1nit sv\u00e9 zam\u011bstnance. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>Nakonec m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt sankcionov\u00e1n i vedouc\u00ed pracovn\u00edk nebo osoba odpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za bezpe\u010dnost. Podle \u010dl\u00e1nku 223-1 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku se &#8222;\u010din, kter\u00fdm je jin\u00e1 osoba p\u0159\u00edmo vystavena bezprost\u0159edn\u00edmu riziku smrti nebo zran\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k trval\u00e9mu zmrza\u010den\u00ed nebo posti\u017een\u00ed, a to zjevn\u011b \u00famysln\u00fdm poru\u0161en\u00edm zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed povinnosti p\u00e9\u010de nebo bezpe\u010dnosti ulo\u017een\u00e9 z\u00e1konem nebo jin\u00fdm p\u0159edpisem, trest\u00e1 odn\u011bt\u00edm svobody na jeden rok a pokutou 15 000 eur&#8220;. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek R4412-149 francouzsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku pr\u00e1ce jasn\u011b hovo\u0159\u00ed o dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed limitn\u00edch hodnot expozice na pracovi\u0161ti (VLEP). Existuj\u00ed dva typy expozice: expozice po dobu 8 hodin a expozice po dobu 15 minut. P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si na\u0161eho pr\u016fvodce z\u00e1konn\u00fdmi hodnotami, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba dodr\u017eovat.    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":99104,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Jak\u00e1 rizika hroz\u00ed, pokud nebudou VLEP dodr\u017eov\u00e1ny?","_seopress_titles_desc":"Francouzsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk pr\u00e1ce stanov\u00ed v\u0161echny pr\u00e1vn\u00ed hodnoty, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba dodr\u017eovat. Existuj\u00ed dva typy expozice: expozice v pr\u016fb\u011bhu dne nebo v pr\u016fb\u011bhu 15 minut. ","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[310],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-46531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nase-rady","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","no-featured-image-padding","resize-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46531","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46531"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46531\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":99492,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46531\/revisions\/99492"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99104"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=46531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=46531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}