{"id":93303,"date":"2023-03-10T16:17:42","date_gmt":"2023-03-10T14:17:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/nase-rada\/comment-mesurer-les-domaines-dexplosibilite-et-dexplosivite\/"},"modified":"2025-05-05T14:24:24","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T12:24:24","slug":"comment-mesurer-les-domaines-dexplosibilite-et-dexplosivite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/nase-rady\/comment-mesurer-les-domaines-dexplosibilite-et-dexplosivite\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak m\u011b\u0159\u00edte rozsahy v\u00fdbu\u0161nin?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak hodnot\u00edte amplitudu v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9ho rozsahu?<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>Doln\u00ed mez v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti (LEL)<\/strong> a <strong>horn\u00ed mez v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti (UEL)<\/strong> jsou vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hranice rozsahu v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti. Vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed rozsah rozsahu v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti: UEL &#8211; UEL. <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite.png\" alt=\"v&#xFD;bu&#x161;nost a v&#xFD;bu&#x161;nost\" class=\"wp-image-19295\" width=\"975\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite.png 1300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite-300x46.png 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite-1024x158.png 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite-768x118.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 975px) 100vw, 975px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p>Na m\u00edst\u011b <strong>nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm v\u00fdbuch\u016fm<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>doln\u00ed mez v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti<\/strong><strong>(<\/strong> <strong>LEL)<\/strong> a v\u0161echny koncentrace pod touto <strong>mez\u00ed<\/strong>. Palivo je v <strong><em>doln\u00ed hranice <u>v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti<\/u><\/em><\/strong>. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p><strong>V atmosf\u00e9\u0159e je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 m\u00e1lo paliva<\/strong>. Spalovac\u00ed motor se dus\u00ed. Jin\u00fdmi slovy: mno\u017estv\u00ed ho\u0159lav\u00e9ho produktu je nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 k tomu, aby do\u0161lo ke spalov\u00e1n\u00ed plynn\u00e9 sm\u011bsi prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm zdroje zap\u00e1len\u00ed.  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>horn\u00ed mez v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti <\/strong><strong>(<\/strong> <strong>UEL) <\/strong> a v\u0161echny koncentrace nad touto mez\u00ed: <strong><em>horn\u00ed mez <u>v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti<\/u><\/em><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Atmosf\u00e9ra je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 bohat\u00e1 na palivo. Spalovac\u00ed motor se ut\u00e1p\u00ed. Mno\u017estv\u00ed ho\u0159lav\u00e9ho produktu je tedy p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e9 v pom\u011bru k mno\u017estv\u00ed kysl\u00edku, aby mohlo doj\u00edt k iniciaci ho\u0159en\u00ed plynn\u00e9 sm\u011bsi.  <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>LEL <\/strong>a <strong>UEL<\/strong>: <strong>nev\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9<\/strong> koncentrace ho\u0159lav\u00e9ho produktu, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed doln\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mez a horn\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mez <strong>rozsahu v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<cite><strong>LEL &lt; Koncentrace v\u00fdbu\u0161niny &lt; LSE<\/strong><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9 l\u00e1tky v syst\u00e9mu ATEX?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jednotku m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed ur\u010duje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed stav l\u00e1tky. Za druh\u00e9, hodnoty koncentrace se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed v laborato\u0159i za standardn\u00edch podm\u00ednek, tj. p\u0159i teplot\u011b 25 \u00b0C a atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9m tlaku 1 bar. <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pro <strong>ho\u0159lav\u00e9 plyny a p\u00e1ry<\/strong>: koncentrace je vyj\u00e1d\u0159ena jako procento objemu ho\u0159lav\u00e9ho produktu v objemu ATEX (%).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edklad: vod\u00edk. LEL: 4 %. UEL: 75 %.  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pro <strong>ho\u0159lav\u00e9 prachy<\/strong>: koncentrace se vyjad\u0159uje jako hmotnost ho\u0159lav\u00e9ho produktu v objemu ATEX <sup>(g\/m3)<\/sup>.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Nam\u00edsto toho m\u011b\u0159\u00edme spodn\u00ed hranici rozsahu v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti, zn\u00e1mou jako minim\u00e1ln\u00ed koncentrace v\u00fdbu\u0161niny.<\/p>\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edklad cukrov\u00e9ho prachu: LEL = CME: <sup>25 g\/m3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite-2.png\" alt=\"v&#xFD;bu&#x161;nost a v&#xFD;bu&#x161;nost 2\" class=\"wp-image-19298\" width=\"975\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite-2.png 1300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite-2-300x46.png 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite-2-1024x158.png 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite-2-768x118.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 975px) 100vw, 975px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p>Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed hodnota rozsahu v\u00fdbu\u0161niny, <strong>stechiometrick\u00e1 koncentrace<\/strong> <sub>(Cst)<\/sub>, je jej\u00ed optim\u00e1ln\u00ed koncentrace ve vztahu ke koncentraci okysli\u010dovadla (kysl\u00edku), kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje \u00fapln\u00e9 sp\u00e1len\u00ed obou reaktant\u016f. P\u0159i t\u00e9to koncentraci je ATEX nejv\u00fdbu\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rozsah v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti a koncentrace kysl\u00edku<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong> Vznik ATEX <\/strong>je d\u00e1n vhodnou kombinac\u00ed <strong>p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch koncentrac\u00ed paliva a okysli\u010dovadla <\/strong>(kysl\u00edku). P\u0159i <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/nase-rady\/mon-produit-peut-il-etre-responsable-dune-explosion-atex\/\">identifikaci rizika ATEX<\/a> v\u0161ak zam\u011bstnavatel up\u0159ednost\u0148uje koncentraci paliva. Je to proto, \u017ee dosa\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed obecn\u011b z\u00e1vis\u00ed na provozn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. V tomto smyslu je pro riziko vzniku ATEX p\u0159\u00edzna\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e koncentrace kysl\u00edku. Je tomu tak proto, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina provozn\u00edch proces\u016f prob\u00edh\u00e1 v<strong> okoln\u00ed atmosf\u00e9\u0159e<\/strong>, kde je oxidantem kysl\u00edk o konstantn\u00ed koncentraci 21 %.    <\/p>\n\n<p><strong> P\u0159esn\u00e1 znalost koncentrace kysl\u00edku<\/strong> je v\u0161ak u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 v ur\u010dit\u00fdch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch situac\u00edch. Nap\u0159\u00edklad kdy\u017e se v provozu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 n\u011bkolik oxida\u010dn\u00edch rozpou\u0161t\u011bdel, kter\u00e1 uvol\u0148uj\u00ed p\u00e1ry a m\u00eds\u00ed se se vzduchem. Nebo kdy\u017e se v procesu pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed<strong> vysok\u00e9 koncentrace v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdch l\u00e1tek<\/strong> v za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ipou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed m\u00e1lo kysl\u00edku nebo v\u016fbec \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zm\u011bny amplitudy v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9ho rozsahu v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch situac\u00edch<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>Rozsah v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti <\/strong>se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed za standardn\u00edch podm\u00ednek teploty a tlaku, proto\u017ee tyto parametry zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed jeho zm\u011bny. Tyto laboratorn\u00ed podm\u00ednky z\u0159\u00eddka odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed provozn\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m. P\u0159i<strong> zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed teploty se rozsah v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti roz\u0161i\u0159uje<\/strong>. Riziko se tedy zvy\u0161uje, pokud se provoz prov\u00e1d\u00ed p\u0159i <strong>teplot\u00e1ch vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch<\/strong>, ne\u017e je standardizovan\u00e1 teplota. Podobn\u011b p\u0159i poklesu tlaku pod atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fd tlak se rozsah v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti zmen\u0161uje, a\u017e zmiz\u00ed. N\u011bkter\u00e9 operace ve vakuu vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed t\u00e9to vlastnosti, aby zabr\u00e1nily riziku v\u00fdbuchu. Na <strong>rozsah v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti <\/strong> maj\u00ed vliv i dal\u0161\u00ed faktory: granulometrie l\u00e1tky (u prach\u016f), vlhkost atd.      <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zjist\u011bte, jak m\u011b\u0159it rozsah v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti a v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdch l\u00e1tek s ohledem na r\u016fzn\u00e9 parametry, jako je amplituda rozsahu v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti a jej\u00ed v\u00fdvoj, mno\u017estv\u00ed v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9 l\u00e1tky a souvislost mezi rozsahem v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti a koncentrac\u00ed kysl\u00edku v pr\u016fmyslu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":93200,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Jak m\u011b\u0159\u00edte rozsahy v\u00fdbu\u0161nin?","_seopress_titles_desc":"V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se dozv\u00edte v\u00edce o r\u016fzn\u00fdch parametrech m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdch a nev\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdch atmosf\u00e9r v z\u00f3n\u00e1ch ATEX v pr\u016fmyslu.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[310],"tags":[113],"class_list":["post-93303","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nase-rady","tag-entete-male","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","no-featured-image-padding","resize-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93303","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=93303"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93303\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":93307,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93303\/revisions\/93307"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/93200"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=93303"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=93303"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=93303"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}