{"id":93778,"date":"2023-01-10T11:03:47","date_gmt":"2023-01-10T09:03:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/nase-rada\/zone-atex-norme-atex-bases-protection-contre-risque-explosion\/"},"modified":"2025-05-06T08:50:38","modified_gmt":"2025-05-06T06:50:38","slug":"zone-atex-norme-atex-bases-protection-contre-risque-explosion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/nase-rady\/zone-atex-norme-atex-bases-protection-contre-risque-explosion\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak pom\u00e1haj\u00ed normy a z\u00f3ny ATEX p\u0159edch\u00e1zet riziku v\u00fdbuchu?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Z\u00c1KLADN\u00cd DEFINICE ATEX<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n
\n
\n

CO JE TO SYMBOL ATEX?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u00edrn\u011b odli\u0161n\u00fd v\u00fdznam v z\u00e1vislosti na \u010dten\u00e9m dokumentu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ATEX<\/strong> = ATmosph\u00e8re EXplosive<\/strong> a ATEX = ATmosph\u00e8re Explosible = ATmosph\u00e8re potentiellement EXplosive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tato zkratka, odvozen\u00e1 z evropsk\u00fdch sm\u011brnic, ozna\u010duje ovzdu\u0161\u00ed v pracovn\u00edm prostoru, kde hroz\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed v\u00fdbuchu<\/strong> a kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduje zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 normy pro bezpe\u010dnost pr\u00e1ce<\/strong>. ATEX m\u016f\u017ee vzniknout kdekoli: uvnit\u0159 stroj\u016f nebo n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed, na pracovi\u0161t\u00edch, ve skladech atd. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co je tov\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ra<\/strong>?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

„Sm\u011bs ho\u0159lav\u00fdch l\u00e1tek ve <\/strong>form\u011b plynu, p\u00e1ry, mlhy nebo prachu se vzduchem za atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek, v n\u00ed\u017e se po zap\u00e1len\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed ho\u0159en\u00ed na celou nesho\u0159elou sm\u011bs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co je tov\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ra<\/strong>?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

„Prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se v d\u016fsledku m\u00edstn\u00edch a provozn\u00edch podm\u00ednek m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdm“. Atmosf\u00e9ra, i kdy\u017e je tvo\u0159ena ho\u0159lav\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami, nespl\u0148uje podm\u00ednky, kter\u00e9 ji \u0159ad\u00ed do oblasti v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"atex<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi sm\u011brnic\u00ed ATEX a normou ATEX<\/strong>?<\/h3>\n\n

Evropsk\u00e9 sm\u011brnice ATEX<\/strong> stanov\u00ed r\u00e1mec pro pr\u00e1vn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost spole\u010dnost\u00ed. Zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed normy<\/strong> v z\u00f3n\u00e1ch s nebezpe\u010d\u00edm v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edloh\u00e1ch evropsk\u00fdch sm\u011brnic ATEX jsou uvedena obecn\u00e1 ochrann\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed spojen\u00e1 s ATEX. Evropsk\u00e9 normy ATEX<\/strong> specifikuj\u00ed tato ochrann\u00e1 a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed <\/p>\n\n

Evropsk\u00e9 sm\u011brnice a normy ATEX maj\u00ed zajistit bezpe\u010dnost osob, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a ochrann\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f v prost\u0159ed\u00ed s nebezpe\u010d\u00edm v\u00fdbuchu<\/strong>. Sm\u011brnice a normy ATEX jsou z\u00e1vazn\u00e9 pro zam\u011bstnavatele, v\u00fdrobce, mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed firmy a dal\u0161\u00ed subjekty. Zkr\u00e1tka v\u0161echny spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k p\u0159\u00edtomnosti osob nebo za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v z\u00f3n\u011b s v\u00fdbu\u0161nou atmosf\u00e9rou. Vy\u017eaduj\u00ed p\u0159ijet\u00ed preventivn\u00edch a ochrann\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed na ochranu pracovn\u00edk\u016f v oblastech s nebezpe\u010d\u00edm v\u00fdbuchu <\/strong>(z\u00f3ny ATEX). Sm\u011brnice a normy ATEX<\/strong> definuj\u00ed kategorii za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, instalac\u00ed<\/a>, ochrann\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f, ochrann\u00fdch od\u011bv\u016f atd. podle rizikov\u00e9 z\u00f3ny ATEX. Poskytuj\u00ed r\u00e1mec pro soulad kategorie za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s po\u017eadovanou \u00farovn\u00ed ochrany. <\/p>\n\n

Kategorie za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed odpov\u00edd\u00e1 \u00farovni rizika existuj\u00edc\u00ed v kategorii z\u00f3ny s v\u00fdbu\u0161nou atmosf\u00e9rou. Normy rozli\u0161uj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b postup\u016f posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed shody ATEX<\/strong> pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 kategorie za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na tom, zda se jedn\u00e1 o elektrick\u00e9 nebo neelektrick\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. V z\u00e1vislosti na \u00farovni po\u017eadavk\u016f definovan\u00fdch sm\u011brnicemi ATEX je k posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed shody za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ATEX opr\u00e1vn\u011bn notifikovan\u00fd certifika\u010dn\u00ed org\u00e1n ATEX nebo v\u00fdrobce. Sm\u011brnice ATEX kone\u010dn\u011b vy\u017eaduj\u00ed, aby zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 vypracovali dokument o ochran\u011b p\u0159ed v\u00fdbuchem<\/strong> (EPD). Tento dokument formalizuje opat\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159ijat\u00e1 na pracovi\u0161ti proti riziku v\u00fdbuchu. <\/p>\n\n

Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi z\u00f3nami ATEX a z\u00f3nami ATEX?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Z\u00f3nov\u00e1n\u00ed ATEX<\/strong> rozd\u011bluje m\u00edsta, kde se m\u016f\u017ee vyskytovat v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ra, do 3 kategori\u00ed rizikov\u00fdch z\u00f3n ATEX (z\u00f3na ATEX).<\/p>\n\n

Kategorie z\u00f3ny ATEX je v\u00fdsledkem posouzen\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b p\u0159\u00edtomnosti v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9<\/strong> atmosf\u00e9ry pro ka\u017ed\u00e9 m\u00edsto. Kategorie z\u00f3ny ATEX<\/strong> odpov\u00edd\u00e1 \u00farovni \u010detnosti rizika ATEX<\/strong>. Kategorie z\u00f3ny ATEX ovliv\u0148uje povahu organiza\u010dn\u00edch a technick\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je t\u0159eba p\u0159ijmout v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159\u00edtomnosti ATEX. Normy ATEX definuj\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed pou\u017eiteln\u00e1 v z\u00e1vislosti na kategorii z\u00f3ny ATEX pro bezpe\u010dnost za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/strong> a ochranu pracovn\u00edk\u016f. Tyto normy ATEX podporuj\u00ed zejm\u00e9na eliminaci v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9ry v t\u011bchto z\u00f3n\u00e1ch<\/strong>, ne-li sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rizika v\u00fdbuchu, a kone\u010dn\u011b ochranu osob a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se riziko v\u00fdbuchu<\/a> v z\u00f3n\u011b napln\u00ed. Rozd\u011blen\u00ed do z\u00f3n ATEX ozna\u010duje kategoriiza\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ATEX<\/strong> a ochrann\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f ATEX povolen\u00fdch v dan\u00e9 kategorii z\u00f3n ATEX. Ozna\u010den\u00ed ATEX znamen\u00e1, \u017ee za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bylo posouzeno a m\u00e1 odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 ochrany pro riziko v\u00fdbuchu zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 v z\u00f3n\u011b ATEX. <\/p>\n\n

Kategorie z\u00f3n ATEX<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t
<\/td>Atmosph\u00e8re explosive compos\u00e9e d\u2019un m\u00e9lange :<\/th><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Risque d\u2019explosion ATEX<\/td>air -gaz \/vapeur ou brouillard inflammables<\/td>air - poussi\u00e8res combustibles<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Permanent<\/td>Zone ATEX 0<\/td>Zone ATEX 20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Occasionnel<\/td>Zone ATEX 1<\/td>Zone ATEX 21<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Potentiel<\/td>Zone ATEX 2<\/td>Zone ATEX 22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n

Z\u00f3na ATEX, kde v\u00fdbu\u0161nou atmosf\u00e9ru tvo\u0159\u00ed ho\u0159lav\u00e9 prachy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\n\t\n\t\n\t
Fonctionnement mat\u00e9riel ATEX<\/th>Pr\u00e9sence d\u2019ATEX
\n
\n<\/th>		Lieu d\u2019ATEX<\/th>Cat\u00e9gorie de zone ATEX<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
normal<\/td>permanente
\n
\nlongue dur\u00e9e
\n
\nfr\u00e9quente<\/td>
\nInt\u00e9rieur d\u2019installations, \u00e9quipements (d\u00e9poussi\u00e9reurs, filtres, collecteurs de poussi\u00e8res\u2026)
\n<\/td>		Zone ATEX 20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
normal<\/td>occasionnelle<\/td>Proximit\u00e9 imm\u00e9diate de zone ATEX 20
\nPoints de remplissage \/ vidange (produits pulv\u00e9rulents)<\/td>		Zone ATEX 21<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
anormal<\/td>accidentelle<\/td>Voisinage d\u2019appareils, syst\u00e8mes de protection contenant de la poussi\u00e8re pouvant s\u2019\u00e9chapper accidentellement en nuage de poussi\u00e8res
\nCouches, d\u00e9p\u00f4ts, tas de poussi\u00e8res combustibles susceptibles de former une atmosph\u00e8re explosive (surfaces impossibles \u00e0 aspirer\u2026)<\/td>		Zone ATEX 22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n

Z\u00f3na ATEX, kde v\u00fdbu\u0161nou atmosf\u00e9ru tvo\u0159\u00ed ho\u0159lav\u00e9 plyny, p\u00e1ry nebo mlhy.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\n\t\n\t\n\t
Fonctionnement mat\u00e9riel ATEX<\/th>Pr\u00e9sence d\u2019ATEX<\/th>Lieu d\u2019ATEX<\/th>Cat\u00e9gorie de zone \u00e0 risque ATEX<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
normal<\/td>permanente
\n
\nde longue dur\u00e9e
\n
\nfr\u00e9quente<\/td>		Int\u00e9rieur conteneurs de gaz inflammables, liquides inflammables\/combustibles.
\ncanalisations,
\nr\u00e9servoirs,
\nr\u00e9cipients
\n<\/td>		Zone ATEX 20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
normal<\/td>occasionnelle<\/td>Proximit\u00e9 imm\u00e9diate zone 0
\nProximit\u00e9 imm\u00e9diate des ouvertures du mat\u00e9riel :
\nouvertures d\u2019alimentation, \u00e9vents, vannes de prise d\u2019\u00e9chantillons \/de purge, ouvertures de remplissage \/vidange
\nPoints bas des installations : fosses de r\u00e9tention, caniveaux<\/td>		Zone ATEX 21<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
anormal<\/td>accidentelle<\/td>Emplacements autour des zones 0 et 1,
\nBrides, connexions, vannes et raccords (tuyauterie)
\nCuvettes de r\u00e9tention
\nProximit\u00e9 imm\u00e9diate des tubes de niveau en verre, appareils en mat\u00e9riaux fragiles, tout appareil ou \u00e9l\u00e9ment susceptible de fuites
\n<\/td>		Zone ATEX 22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n

OD P\u0158\u00cd\u010cIN VZNIKU ATEXU A\u017d PO N\u00c1SLEDKY V\u00ddBUCHU.<\/h2>\n\n

Jak\u00e9 jsou podm\u00ednky pro vznik ATEX?<\/h3>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edtomnost ho\u0159lav\u00fdch l\u00e1tek<\/strong> (plyn, p\u00e1ra, prach) , kter\u00e9<\/strong> se m\u00eds\u00ed s atmosf\u00e9rou v z\u00f3n\u011b, p\u0159edstavuje po\u010d\u00e1tek rizika v\u00fdbuchu<\/strong>. Sm\u011bs okoln\u00edho vzduchu a ho\u0159lav\u00fdch produkt\u016f se st\u00e1v\u00e1 ATEX, pokud spl\u0148uje fyzik\u00e1ln\u011b-chemick\u00e9 normy spojen\u00e9 s rizikem v\u00fdbuchu. \u010c\u00edm homogenn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je sm\u011bs vzduchu a produktu, t\u00edmv\u00fdbu\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/strong> jeatmosf\u00e9ra<\/strong>. Tyto podm\u00ednky zvy\u0161uj\u00ed riziko v\u00fdbuchu, ani\u017e by zp\u016fsobily v\u00fdbuch v z\u00f3n\u011b ATEX. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\n\t\n\t\n\t
ATEX : mati\u00e8re inflammable:<\/th>Condition minimale de formation d\u2019ATEX<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
gaz<\/td>Concentration du gaz dans l\u2019air suffisante pour que le risque d\u2019explosion du m\u00e9lange se concr\u00e9tise si une source d\u2019inflammation apparait<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
vapeur \u00e9mise par un liquide<\/td>Temp\u00e9rature du liquide suscitant un d\u00e9gagement de vapeurs suffisant pour que la concentration de vapeurs dans l\u2019air atteigne la plage d\u2019explosibilit\u00e9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
poussi\u00e8re en nuage<\/td>Niveau de concentration des poussi\u00e8res en suspension dans l\u2019air suffisant pour provoquer sous conditions une explosion<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n

Jak\u00e9 jsou zdroje vzn\u00edcen\u00ed ATEX?<\/h3>\n\n

Z\u00e1paln\u00fd zdroj<\/strong> p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u00ed do z\u00f3ny ATEX energii, kter\u00e1 vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 reakci ho\u0159en\u00ed mezi okoln\u00edm vzduchem a palivem. Tato podm\u00ednka, kter\u00e1 je nutn\u00e1 prozap\u00e1len\u00ed ATEX<\/strong>, zvy\u0161uje riziko v\u00fdbuchu v z\u00f3n\u011b, ale sama o sob\u011b nesta\u010d\u00ed ke vzniku v\u00fdbuchu. P\u0159\u00edklad: Z\u00e1palka zp\u016fsob\u00ed vzn\u00edcen\u00ed ho\u0159lav\u00e9 sm\u011bsi vzduchu a butanu v plynov\u00e9m va\u0159i\u010di, ani\u017e by do\u0161lo k v\u00fdbuchu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t
Origine des sources d\u2019inflammation<\/th>Nature des sources d\u2019inflammation ATEX<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Electrique<\/td>\u00e9tincelle (arc \u00e9lectrique, courant \u00e9lectrique vagabond, \u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c9lectrostatique<\/td>\u00e9tincelle (d\u00e9charge \u00e9lectrostatique), foudre, \u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u00e9canique<\/td>\u00e9tincelle (particules incandescentes), \u00e9chauffement par friction, \u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Thermique<\/td>surfaces chaudes, flammes nues, travaux par points chauds, cigarettes, rayonnement solaire\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chimique<\/td>r\u00e9actions exothermiques (auto-\u00e9chauffement, \u00e9chauffement par fermentation \u2026)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Autres<\/td>rayonnement ionisant, ondes \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tiques, ultrasons, \u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n

Z\u00f3na je vybavena r\u016fzn\u00fdmi za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi, kter\u00e1 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed zdroje vzn\u00edcen\u00ed ATEX<\/strong>. P\u0159i ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed shody s ATEX se v z\u00e1vislosti na kategorii z\u00f3ny ATEX, kterou je t\u0159eba vybavit, podle evropsk\u00fdch p\u0159edpis\u016f ATEX<\/a> rozli\u0161uj\u00ed 2 kategorie za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (elektrick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a neelektrick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed). <\/p>\n\n

Jak\u00e9 jsou podm\u00ednky pro v\u00fdbuch v z\u00f3n\u011b ATEX?<\/h3>\n\n

V\u00fdbuch ATEX nastane, kdy\u017e se sou\u010dasn\u011b vyskytne 6 podm\u00ednek.<\/p>\n\n

\n
\n

3 prvky v mno\u017estv\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00e9m k zap\u00e1len\u00ed ATEX<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Ho\u0159lav\u00fd produkt<\/strong> (plyn, p\u00e1ra, prach) p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed oblasti<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Spalovac\u00ed \u010dinidlo<\/strong> (kysl\u00edk z atmosf\u00e9ry) stimuluj\u00edc\u00ed spalov\u00e1n\u00ed paliva p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9ho v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e z\u00f3ny.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Zdroj vzn\u00edcen\u00ed<\/strong> (nap\u0159. elektrick\u00e1 jiskra) poskytuj\u00edc\u00ed dostate\u010dnou energii k zap\u00e1len\u00ed v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9ry.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    3 urychlova\u010de ho\u0159en\u00ed pro p\u0159em\u011bnu vzn\u00edcen\u00ed na v\u00fdbuch<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. Homogenn\u00ed sm\u011bs kysl\u00edku – ho\u0159lav\u00fd produkt (plyn\/v\u00fdpary\/prach) ve v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9\u0159e<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. V ATEX je koncentrace ho\u0159lav\u00e9ho produktu v rozmez\u00ed v\u00fdbu\u0161nosti.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. Dostate\u010dn\u00fd prostor pro dosa\u017een\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho tlaku<\/strong> pro urychlen\u00ed spalov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
      \n
      \"provozní<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

      Jak\u00fd je mechanismus v\u00fdbuchu ATEX?<\/h3>\n\n

      ATEX se dostane do kontaktu se zdrojem vzn\u00edcen\u00ed. Dojdek v\u00fdbuchu<\/strong>: okam\u017eit\u00e9mu ho\u0159en\u00ed ho\u0159lav\u00fdch produkt\u016f v ATEX, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m se uvoln\u00ed intenzivn\u00ed energie. V\u00fdbuch m\u00e1 podobun\u00e1hl\u00e9ho zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed objemu, tlaku a teploty plyn\u016f<\/strong> v ATEX. To vyvol\u00e1 p\u0159etlakovou vlnu \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00edc\u00ed se rychlost\u00ed 2 a\u017e 10 km\/s (efekt v\u00fdbuchu), plameny a uvoln\u011bn\u00ed tepla. \u010c\u00e1st energie v\u00fdbuchov\u00e9 vlny rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed kontaktn\u00ed plochu nebo kryt, v n\u011bm\u017e byla uzav\u0159ena v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ra, a pot\u00e9 vymr\u0161t\u00ed \u00falomky rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu. <\/p>\n\n

      V\u00fdbuchov\u00e1 vlna<\/strong> se pak \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed v koncentrick\u00fdch z\u00f3n\u00e1ch nadzvukovou rychlost\u00ed a postupn\u011b kles\u00e1 ve dvou f\u00e1z\u00edch: po dobu p\u0159etlaku (1 a\u017e 5 milisekund) a po dobu poklesu<\/strong> (s\u00e1n\u00ed), dokud se nevr\u00e1t\u00ed na norm\u00e1ln\u00ed atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fd tlak<\/strong> (5 a\u017e 25 ms). V\u00fdbuchov\u00e1 vlna se sni\u017euje se vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed a \u00farovn\u00ed zadr\u017een\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry v pracovn\u00edm prostoru. Zmen\u0161en\u00ed je: velmi m\u00edrn\u00e9, pokud se v\u00fdbuchov\u00e1 vlna \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed pod\u00e9l jedn\u00e9 osy (spojovac\u00ed kan\u00e1l mezi za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi apod.), rychlej\u0161\u00ed p\u0159i dvourozm\u011brn\u00e9m \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed (prostory apod.), velmi rychl\u00e9 v otev\u0159en\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed (za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed mimo prostory apod.). Ochrann\u00e9 syst\u00e9my omezuj\u00ed v\u00fdbuch r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby: odv\u011btr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm, odd\u011blovac\u00edmi syst\u00e9my atd. <\/p>\n\n

      Jak\u00e1 jsou rizika spojen\u00e1 s v\u00fdbuchy ATEX?<\/h3>\n\n

      Rizika v\u00fdbuchu ATEX pro bezpe\u010dnost pracovn\u00edk\u016f.<\/h4>\n\n

      Rizika, kter\u00e1 hroz\u00ed pracovn\u00edk\u016fm v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00fdbuchu ATEX, tvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1klad p\u0159edpis\u016f o jejich ochran\u011b a bezpe\u010dnosti. Riziko zran\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong> se li\u0161\u00ed podle z\u00f3ny, ve kter\u00e9 je pracovn\u00edk vystaven riziku v\u00fdbuchu. <\/p>\n\n

      Riziko zran\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdbuchu :<\/h4>\n\n
        \n
      • rizika zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 dopademv\u00fdbuchov\u00e9 vlny<\/strong> na dut\u00e9 nebo plynem napln\u011bn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti t\u011bla.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • rizika spojen\u00e1 sdopadem p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00fdch \u00falomk\u016f<\/strong> explodovan\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo vybaven\u00ed,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • riziko, \u017ee pracovn\u00edk bude vr\u017een v\u00fdbuchovou vlnou.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

        Rizika zran\u011bn\u00ed spojen\u00e1 s dopadem v\u00fdbuchu ATEX na za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, vybaven\u00ed, materi\u00e1ly atd. :<\/h4>\n\n
          \n
        • nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pop\u00e1len\u00ed, rozdrcen\u00ed, vdechnut\u00ed toxick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek<\/strong>; n\u00e1sledky destrukce a vzn\u00edcen\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 v\u00fdbuchem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • rizika pro imunitn\u00ed a nervov\u00fd <\/strong>syst\u00e9m v d\u016fsledku absorpce toxick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

          Rizika v\u00fdbuchu ATEX pro za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/h4>\n\n

          V\u00fdbuchov\u00e1 vlna a vzn\u00edcen\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky na za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. V\u00fdbuch m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zdrojov\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/strong>, p\u0159\u00edtomnost kr\u00e1teru v epicentru v\u00fdbuchu, vymr\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u00falomk\u016f materi\u00e1lu, kter\u00e9 zasypou za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo infrastrukturu, vymr\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zap\u00e1len\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou zdrojem dal\u0161\u00edch vzn\u00edcen\u00ed nebo v\u00fdbuch\u016f (domino efekt) atd. <\/p>\n\n

          Po vyhodnocen\u00ed rizik spojen\u00fdch s v\u00fdbuchem ATEX mus\u00ed zam\u011bstnavatel p\u0159ijmout r\u016fzn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti<\/strong> a ochrany pracovn\u00edk\u016f a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed: DRPCE, ochrann\u00e9 syst\u00e9my a od\u011bvy<\/strong>, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ATEX atd.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Tato zkratka, odvozen\u00e1 z evropsk\u00fdch sm\u011brnic, ozna\u010duje ovzdu\u0161\u00ed v pracovn\u00edm prostoru, kde hroz\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed v\u00fdbuchu a kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduje zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 normy pro bezpe\u010dnost pr\u00e1ce. ATEX m\u016f\u017ee vzniknout kdekoli: uvnit\u0159 stroj\u016f nebo n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed, na pracovi\u0161t\u00edch, ve skladech atd. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":93611,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Jak pom\u00e1haj\u00ed normy ATEX p\u0159edch\u00e1zet v\u00fdbuch\u016fm?","_seopress_titles_desc":"V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku najdete v\u0161echny z\u00e1kladn\u00ed informace, kter\u00e9 pot\u0159ebujete zn\u00e1t, pokud pracujete v z\u00f3n\u011b ATEX, kde hroz\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed v\u00fdbuchu.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[310],"tags":[113],"class_list":["post-93778","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nase-rady","tag-entete-male","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","no-featured-image-padding","resize-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93778","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=93778"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93778\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":93784,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93778\/revisions\/93784"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/93611"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=93778"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=93778"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=93778"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}