{"id":94415,"date":"2022-12-21T14:50:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-21T12:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/nase-rada\/industriels-des-solutions-pour-faire-des-economies-denergie\/"},"modified":"2025-05-06T08:56:07","modified_gmt":"2025-05-06T06:56:07","slug":"industriels-des-solutions-pour-faire-des-economies-denergie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/nase-rady\/industriels-des-solutions-pour-faire-des-economies-denergie\/","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 podniky: \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro \u00fasporu energie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Na\u0161e \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed spot\u0159eby energie<\/h2>\n\n

N\u00e1klady na energie (elekt\u0159inu a plyn) prudce rostou. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 \u0159\u00eddit spot\u0159ebu energie ve va\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, zejm\u00e9na s bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se zimou a klesaj\u00edc\u00edmi teplotami. Na pomoc v\u00e1m p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00edme n\u011bkolik tip\u016f specifick\u00fdch pro dan\u00e9 odv\u011btv\u00ed, kter\u00fdmi se m\u016f\u017eete \u0159\u00eddit, abyste u\u0161et\u0159ili elektrickou energii ve sv\u00fdch d\u00edln\u00e1ch a kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00edch. <\/p>\n\n

Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed spot\u0159eby energie je pro va\u0161i firmu z\u00e1sadn\u00ed. Nejen\u017ee m\u016f\u017eete v\u00fdrazn\u011b u\u0161et\u0159it na \u00fa\u010dtech za energii, ale m\u016f\u017eete tak\u00e9 kontrolovat \u0161pi\u010dkovou spot\u0159ebu elekt\u0159iny a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 v\u00fdpadky proudu za velmi chladn\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

Pokud z n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed anal\u00fdzy vylou\u010d\u00edme n\u00e1klady spojen\u00e9 s energi\u00ed pot\u0159ebnou pro v\u00fdrobn\u00ed proces (pece, pece atd.) a pro pohon v\u00fdrobn\u00edch stroj\u016f, jsou zde uvedeny hlavn\u00ed zdroje spot\u0159eby energie. Podle studie z roku 2013 o rozd\u011blen\u00ed popt\u00e1vky po elekt\u0159in\u011b v pr\u016fmyslu podle zp\u016fsobu vyu\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159ipadaj\u00ed na motory 2\/3 celkov\u00e9 spot\u0159eby elekt\u0159iny v pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9m odv\u011btv\u00ed. Pod\u00edl na popt\u00e1vce po elekt\u0159in\u011b v pr\u016fmyslu maj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed oblasti, jako je v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed (12 %), \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed (11 %), stla\u010den\u00fd vzduch s dod\u00e1vkou stroj\u016f a \u00faniky (7 %), chlazen\u00ed (7 %) a osv\u011btlen\u00ed (4 %). Tyto \u00fadaje je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b t\u0159eba revidovat sm\u011brem nahoru s ohledem na r\u016fst pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 \u010dinnosti od roku 2013 do sou\u010dasnosti. <\/p>\n\n

\"graf
Zdroj: O.I.E<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Ods\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed a vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00edch prostor\u016f<\/h2>\n\n

Vys\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed prachu a filtrace stroj\u016f a pracovn\u00edch stanic<\/h3>\n\n

Vys\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00edch stroj\u016f a\/nebo pracovn\u00edch stanic spot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1 energii. Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee nejv\u00edce elektrick\u00e9 energie spot\u0159ebuje motorizovan\u00fd sac\u00ed ventil\u00e1tor. Jeho \u00fakolem je nas\u00e1vat znehodnocen\u00fd vzduch s\u00edt\u00ed potrub\u00ed a dopravovat jej do sb\u011bra\u010de prachu nebo filtru, aby mohl b\u00fdt vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn. Energie ventil\u00e1toru je pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 k tomu, aby tento vzduch uvedl do pohybu a p\u0159enesl proud vzduchu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se bojuje proti poklesu tlaku ve v\u0161ech sou\u010d\u00e1stech tvo\u0159\u00edc\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

Uva\u017ete, \u017ee st\u0159edotlak\u00fd sac\u00ed ventil\u00e1tor s dobrou \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed spot\u0159ebuje 10 a\u017e 15 kW na 10 000 m3\/h. To p\u0159edstavuje provozn\u00ed n\u00e1klady ve v\u00fd\u0161i 1,5 EUR\/h a\u017e 3 EUR\/h. <\/p>\n\n

Spot\u0159eba energie ventil\u00e1toru je \u00fam\u011brn\u00e1 pr\u016ftoku vzduchu, tlakov\u00e9 ztr\u00e1t\u011b v s\u00edti a \u00fa\u010dinnosti ventil\u00e1toru. Pro omezen\u00ed t\u011bchto \u00farovn\u00ed spot\u0159eby uv\u00e1d\u00edme n\u011bkolik prioritn\u00edch oblast\u00ed pro \u00faspory: <\/p>\n\n

Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed nebo omezen\u00ed sac\u00edch pr\u016ftok\u016f<\/h4>\n\n

Aby se sn\u00ed\u017eil nebo omezil pr\u016ftok ods\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, je t\u0159eba zdroje emis\u00ed prachu l\u00e9pe zakr\u00fdt a uzav\u0159\u00edt. Pro sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00e9ho pr\u016ftoku se doporu\u010duje p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit se ke zdroj\u016fm emis\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek. \u0158e\u0161en\u00edm pro ods\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pouze toho, co je skute\u010dn\u011b nezbytn\u00e9, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce na soub\u011b\u017en\u00fd provoz. Lze tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt frekven\u010dn\u00ed m\u011bni\u010de spojen\u00e9 s regulac\u00ed pr\u016ftoku a automatick\u00e9 poklopy pro p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u016ftoku podle pot\u0159eby. Elektrick\u00e9 zes\u00edlen\u00ed je p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm \u00fam\u011brn\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed pr\u016ftoku. <\/p>\n\n

Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed nebo omezen\u00ed tlakov\u00fdch ztr\u00e1t ve filtrech a sac\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch.<\/h4>\n\n

Tlakov\u00e1 ztr\u00e1ta vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00e1 potrubn\u00ed s\u00edt\u00ed se m\u011bn\u00ed jako kvadr\u00e1t rychlosti. Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rychlosti s\u00edt\u011b nebo spot\u0159ebi\u010de na polovinu tak m\u016f\u017ee sn\u00ed\u017eit spot\u0159ebu energie \u010dty\u0159n\u00e1sobn\u011b. Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rychlosti s\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ak nen\u00ed v\u017edy mo\u017en\u00e9. P\u0159i vys\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed prachu je t\u0159eba zaru\u010dit minim\u00e1ln\u00ed dopravn\u00ed rychlosti, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo vzniku usazenin. To je v\u0161ak v\u017edy mo\u017en\u00e9 u vertik\u00e1ln\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f proud\u00edc\u00edch sm\u011brem dol\u016f. <\/p>\n\n

Zlep\u0161en\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti ventil\u00e1toru<\/h4>\n\n

Pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti ventil\u00e1tor\u016f by se m\u011bly pou\u017e\u00edvat ventil\u00e1tory a motory s vysokou nebo velmi vysokou \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed a optim\u00e1ln\u00edm provozn\u00edm rozsahem ventil\u00e1tor\u016f. K dolad\u011bn\u00ed provozn\u00edch bod\u016f lze pou\u017e\u00edt frekven\u010dn\u00ed m\u011bni\u010de. <\/p>\n\n

V\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed a vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00edch prostor<\/h3>\n\n

Spot\u0159eba energie v za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch HVAC je spojena se dv\u011bma slo\u017ekami:<\/p>\n\n

    \n
  • N\u00e1klady na energii spojen\u00e9 s kaloriemi vyroben\u00fdmi pro vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed (topn\u00e9 kalorie).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • N\u00e1klady na energii spojenou s p\u0159epravou vzduchu (ventil\u00e1tory pro boj se s\u00edt\u00ed a poklesem tlaku v elektr\u00e1rn\u011b).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

    Energie na vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed je \u010dasto mnohem vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e energie pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 na dopravu vzduchu. V t\u00e9to situaci je mo\u017en\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eit n\u00e1roky na vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edmi zp\u016fsoby. <\/p>\n\n

    Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed pr\u016ftoku vzduchu odv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9ho ven, co\u017e vy\u017eaduje kompenzaci za oh\u0159\u00e1t\u00fd vzduch.<\/h4>\n\n

    Pokud vypust\u00edte 10 000 m3\/h mimo budovu bez n\u00e1hrady, dojde k odtlakov\u00e1n\u00ed budovy. Pr\u016ftok 10 000 m3\/h je tedy p\u0159irozen\u011b znovu zaveden do v\u0161ech vzduchot\u011bsn\u00fdch prostor budovy. Vzduch vstupuje do budovy s venkovn\u00ed teplotou a mus\u00ed se doh\u0159\u00e1t na teplotu uvnit\u0159 budovy. Nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i oh\u0159evu 10 000 m3\/h z 0 \u00b0C na +20 \u00b0C je k tomu zapot\u0159eb\u00ed topn\u00fd v\u00fdkon 50 kW, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje n\u00e1klady 8 a\u017e 20 EUR za hodinu. Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm pr\u016ftoku odv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9ho vzduchu ven m\u016f\u017eete sn\u00ed\u017eit n\u00e1klady na energii. <\/p>\n\n

    Odd\u011blen\u00ed funkce vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed od funkce v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed <\/h4>\n\n

    Odd\u011blen\u00edm t\u011bchto dvou funkc\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete dod\u00e1vat pouze takov\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed \u010derstv\u00e9ho vzduchu, kter\u00e9 je nutn\u00e9 k v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed budovy v souladu s p\u0159edpisy (po\u010det m3\/h na zam\u011bstnance). Kvalitu vzduchu v budov\u011b lze \u0159\u00eddit pomoc\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 \u010disti\u010dky vzduchu s pln\u011b recyklovan\u00fdm vzduchem. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem u\u0161et\u0159\u00edte kalorie spot\u0159ebovan\u00e9 na oh\u0159ev vzduchu, kter\u00fd nebyl odv\u00e1d\u011bn ven a kter\u00fd by musel b\u00fdt kompenzov\u00e1n a znovu p\u0159iveden na teplotu. A co v\u00edc, energii u\u0161et\u0159\u00edte tak\u00e9 d\u00edky kompenzaci poklesu tlaku v s\u00edt\u00edch pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch k doprav\u011b vzduchu. \u010cisti\u010dky obecn\u011b spot\u0159ebuj\u00ed 10kr\u00e1t m\u00e9n\u011b energie p\u0159i stejn\u00e9m pr\u016ftoku. \u00daspora pro 10 000 m3\/h za hodinu m\u016f\u017ee \u010dinit a\u017e 60 kW. <\/p>\n\n

    Pou\u017e\u00edvejte destrata\u010dn\u00ed ventil\u00e1tory nebo \u010disti\u010dky vzduchu k destrafikaci vrstev hork\u00e9ho vzduchu.<\/h4>\n\n

    \u010cisti\u010dky vzduchu se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k destratifikaci tepl\u00e9ho vzduchu. Destratifikace vzduchu zaji\u0161\u0165uje rovnom\u011brnou teplotu v pracovn\u00edm prostoru. Umo\u017e\u0148uje cirkulaci tepl\u00e9ho vzduchu v m\u00edstnosti a omezuje tepeln\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty st\u0159echou. Toto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee u\u0161et\u0159it a\u017e 30 % n\u00e1klad\u016f na vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

    \n
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    \"destratifikace<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
    \n
    \"nedestruující<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

    Op\u011btovn\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed tepla uvoln\u011bn\u00e9ho z odlu\u010dova\u010d\u016f prachu pomoc\u00ed dvouproudov\u00fdch v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00edk\u016f tepla.<\/h4>\n\n

    V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby byl odv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fd vzduch obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b \u010dist\u00fd, aby nedo\u0161lo k ucp\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00edku a rychl\u00e9mu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti v\u00fdm\u011bny. \u010c\u00edm teplej\u0161\u00ed je odv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fd vzduch, t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed smysl m\u00e1 toto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. \u00da\u010dinnost tohoto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee dosahovat a\u017e 84 %, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje \u00fasporu a\u017e 40 kW p\u0159i pr\u016ftoku 10 000 m3\/h. <\/p>\n\n

    Chlad<\/h2>\n\n

    Adiabatick\u00e9 chladic\u00ed syst\u00e9my jsou p\u0159irozenou a ekonomickou alternativou pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 klimatizace. Adiabatick\u00e1 chladic\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed jsou vhodn\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na pro chlazen\u00ed vysokoteplotn\u00edch d\u00edlen na 25 \u00b0C a\u017e 30 \u00b0C. Adiabatick\u00e1 chladic\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vy\u017eaduj\u00ed energii pouze pro dopravu proud\u00edc\u00edho vzduchu. Ve skute\u010dnosti spot\u0159ebuj\u00ed a\u017e 10kr\u00e1t m\u00e9n\u011b energie ne\u017e klimatiza\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m,<\/strong> proto\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bez chladiva a neodv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed teplo ven. Chladic\u00ed energie je \u010derp\u00e1na v\u00fdhradn\u011b z odpa\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed vody na odpa\u0159ovac\u00edch panelech. <\/p>\n\n

    Srdcem odpa\u0159ovac\u00edho chladic\u00edho syst\u00e9mu je chladic\u00ed m\u00e9dium, ve kter\u00e9m se odpa\u0159uje voda a ochlazuje vzduch cirkuluj\u00edc\u00ed uvnit\u0159. Odpa\u0159ovac\u00ed chladic\u00ed m\u00e9dia se vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed z dr\u00e1\u017ekovan\u00fdch celul\u00f3zov\u00fdch desek. Integrovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m rozvodu vody rovnom\u011brn\u011b rozv\u00e1d\u00ed vodu po chladic\u00edch v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00edc\u00edch, aby byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna vlhkost cel\u00e9ho povrchu. T\u00edm se maximalizuje chladic\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek. Ventil\u00e1tory vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed podtlak a tla\u010d\u00ed vzduch p\u0159es v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00edky. <\/p>\n\n

    \n
    \n
    \"snížení<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
    \n
    \"snadná<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
    \n
    \"ochrana<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
    \n
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    \"respektování<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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    \"okna<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
    \n
    \"mobilní<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    N\u00e1klady na energie prudce rostou. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 \u0159\u00eddit spot\u0159ebu energie ve va\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, zejm\u00e9na s bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se zimou a klesaj\u00edc\u00edmi teplotami. Na pomoc v\u00e1m p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00edme n\u011bkolik tip\u016f specifick\u00fdch pro dan\u00e9 odv\u011btv\u00ed, kter\u00fdmi se m\u016f\u017eete \u0159\u00eddit, abyste u\u0161et\u0159ili elektrickou energii ve sv\u00fdch d\u00edln\u00e1ch. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":93711,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Pr\u016fmysl: \u0158e\u0161en\u00ed pro \u00fasporu energie","_seopress_titles_desc":"Zjist\u011bte v\u00edce o na\u0161ich specifick\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00edch pro pr\u016fmysl, jak u\u0161et\u0159it energii a sn\u00ed\u017eit \u00fa\u010dty za elekt\u0159inu s p\u0159\u00edchodem zimy.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[310],"tags":[113],"class_list":["post-94415","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nase-rady","tag-entete-male","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","no-featured-image-padding","resize-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94415","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=94415"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94415\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":94446,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94415\/revisions\/94446"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/93711"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=94415"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=94415"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=94415"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}