{"id":98444,"date":"2021-07-29T09:15:37","date_gmt":"2021-07-29T07:15:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/nase-rada\/substances-cmr-risque-exposition-au-travail-quelle-reglementation-prevention\/"},"modified":"2025-05-07T09:40:24","modified_gmt":"2025-05-07T07:40:24","slug":"substances-cmr-risque-exposition-au-travail-quelle-reglementation-prevention","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/nase-rady\/substances-cmr-risque-exposition-au-travail-quelle-reglementation-prevention\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e1tky CMR a riziko expozice na pracovi\u0161ti: jak\u00e9 jsou p\u0159edpisy t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se prevence?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 <strong>chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky<\/strong> mohou <strong>m\u00edt zdravotn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky a rizika<\/strong>. Samostatn\u011b nebo ve sm\u011bs\u00edch mohou b\u00fdt<strong> karcinogenn\u00ed, mutagenn\u00ed nebo toxick\u00e9 pro lidskou reprodukci<\/strong>. Tyto l\u00e1tky se ozna\u010duj\u00ed jako l\u00e1tky CMR. Tyto l\u00e1tky jsou klasifikov\u00e1ny podle nebezpe\u010dnosti, kterou p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed. Pouze na jednu z t\u011bchto kategori\u00ed se od roku 2008 vztahuje evropsk\u00e9 na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (\u010d. 1272\/2008-Eur-Lex).      <\/p>\n\n<p>Jedn\u00e1 se o <strong>na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed CLP<\/strong> (klasifikace, ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed a balen\u00ed). Francouzsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo tyto <strong>evropsk\u00e9 p\u0159edpisy<\/strong> transponovalo, zejm\u00e9na pracovn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo v \u010dl\u00e1nku R.4412-60 z\u00e1kon\u00edku pr\u00e1ce. Zdrav\u00ed a bezpe\u010dnost pracovn\u00edk\u016f je toti\u017e uzn\u00e1na v \u010dl\u00e1nku L4121-1 z\u00e1kon\u00edku pr\u00e1ce. Jak\u00e9 jsou tyto p\u0159edpisy pro <strong>l\u00e1tky CMR <\/strong>?   <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"substances-cmr-qu-est-ce-que-c-est\">L\u00e1tky CMR: co to je?<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>L\u00e1tky CMR jsou l\u00e1tky nebo sm\u011bsi<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky a p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed <strong>riziko pro zdrav\u00ed nebo \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/strong>. Tyto l\u00e1tky nebo sm\u011bsi mohou p\u0159edstavovat riziko p\u0159i vdechnut\u00ed, po\u017eit\u00ed nebo proniknut\u00ed k\u016f\u017e\u00ed: <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Karcinogenn\u00ed<\/strong>: produkty, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed rakovinu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mutagenn\u00ed<\/strong>: zp\u016fsobuje d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my nebo zvy\u0161uje jejich \u010detnost desetin\u00e1sobn\u011b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reprotoxick\u00fd<\/strong>: zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed ned\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch \u0161kodliv\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f na d\u011bti nebo po\u0161kozen\u00ed reproduk\u010dn\u00ed schopnosti \u010dlov\u011bka.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>R\u016fzn\u00e9 <strong>chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky <\/strong>jsou klasifikov\u00e1ny podle sv\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed CMR.<strong>INRS uv\u00e1d\u00ed seznam chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek klasifikovan\u00fdch jako CMR<\/strong>. Obsahuje hlavn\u00ed seznam l\u00e1tek, seznam komplexn\u00edch l\u00e1tek odvozen\u00fdch z ropy a uhl\u00ed, seznam barviv a tabulku s klasifika\u010dn\u00edmi prahov\u00fdmi hodnotami pro sm\u011bsi. Zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 jsou odpov\u011bdn\u00ed za <strong>zdrav\u00ed sv\u00fdch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f<\/strong> a za udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed <strong>zdrav\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/strong>. Jsou proto povinni z\u00edsk\u00e1vat informace o t\u011bchto l\u00e1tk\u00e1ch stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/nase-rady\/reglementation-vlep-evaluation-risque-chimique-lieu-de-travail\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/conseils\/reglementation-vlep-evaluation-risque-chimique-lieu-de-travail\/\">p\u0159edpis\u016f VLEP<\/a> (Valeurs limites d&#8217;exposition professionnelle &#8211; Limitn\u00ed hodnoty expozice p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci).    <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u00c0 Lire aussi : <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/nase-rady\/valeur-limite-exposition-professionnelle-ou-vlep\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1999\">Co je to limit expozice na pracovi\u0161ti<\/a>?<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"substances-cmr-quelles-sont-les-regles\">L\u00e1tky CMR: jak\u00e1 jsou pravidla?<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>Na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se t\u00fdk\u00e1 pouze jedn\u00e9 z t\u011bchto klasifikac\u00ed CMR<\/strong>. C\u00edlem <strong>na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed CLP<\/strong> (Eur-Lex \u010d. 1272\/2008) je <strong>ochrana zdrav\u00ed a \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/strong> a podpora <strong>evropsk\u00e9 jednotnosti<\/strong>. Francie tuto klasifikaci CMR transponovala do dvou kategori\u00ed. <strong>Kategorie 1 se t\u00fdk\u00e1 v\u00fdrobk\u016f, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed karcinogenn\u00ed, mutagenn\u00ed nebo reprotoxick\u00e9 riziko<\/strong>. Kategorie 1 se d\u011bl\u00ed na dv\u011b podkategorie: 1A s prok\u00e1zan\u00fdm rizikem CMR a 1B s p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00fdm rizikem CMR. <strong>Kategorie 2 zahrnuje v\u00fdrobky s p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00fdm rizikem CMR<\/strong>.     <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"comment-reconnaitre-un-produit-classe-cmr\">Jak pozn\u00e1te v\u00fdrobek klasifikovan\u00fd jako CMR?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Pro identifikaci v\u00fdrobk\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou karcinogenn\u00ed, mutagenn\u00ed nebo toxick\u00e9 pro reprodukci, existuje <strong>jednotn\u00fd dokument pro hodnocen\u00ed rizik <\/strong>. Tento dokument uv\u00e1d\u00ed v\u0161echna <strong>rizika spojen\u00e1 s pracovn\u00edmi \u010dinnostmi<\/strong>. Obsahuje n\u011bkolik list\u016f. V\u00fdrobky nebo p\u0159\u00edpravky CMR lze identifikovat podle jejich<strong>ozna\u010den\u00ed<\/strong>. Mus\u00ed obsahovat symbol &#8222;toxick\u00fd&#8220; spolu s n\u011bkolika varovn\u00fdmi v\u011btami o riziku (nov\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed \u010d. 1182\/2020 zm\u011bnilo pravidla, ale ve Francii se zat\u00edm neuplat\u0148uje).      <\/p>\n\n<p>V\u00fdrobce v\u00fdrobk\u016f CMR mus\u00ed poskytnout <strong>bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed list<\/strong>. Zam\u011bstnanci mus\u00ed m\u00edt p\u0159\u00edstup k tomuto listu, kde je uvedeno slo\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdrobku pro pou\u017eit\u00ed. Nakonec mus\u00ed zam\u011bstnavatel vytvo\u0159it <strong>expozi\u010dn\u00ed list pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edka<\/strong>. Tyto listy zaznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed kontext, dobu trv\u00e1n\u00ed a opakovanost \u010dinnost\u00ed vystaven\u00fdch nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm chemick\u00fdm \u010dinitel\u016fm a CMR.   <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed informace: <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/cs\/nase-rady\/vlep-quels-risques-cas-de-non-respect-reglementation\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/conseils\/vlep-quels-risques-cas-de-non-respect-reglementation\/\">Jak\u00e1 jsou rizika nedodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed VLEP<\/a>?<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"substances-cmr-quelle-est-la-prevention-au-travail\">L\u00e1tky CMR: jak na prevenci na pracovi\u0161ti?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 hraj\u00ed <strong>roli v prevenci v\u00fdrobk\u016f a p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f CMR<\/strong> a obecn\u011bji chemick\u00fdch rizik. Zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 jsou povinni nahradit nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky a p\u0159\u00edpravky CMR v\u00fdrobkem, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00fd nebo je m\u00e9n\u011b \u0161kodliv\u00fd (\u010dl\u00e1nek R.4412-66 francouzsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku pr\u00e1ce). Je nezbytn\u00e9, aby zam\u011bstnavatel <strong>hledal n\u00e1hradu za<\/strong> toxick\u00fd v\u00fdrobek kategorie 1A nebo 1B.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"les-obligations-de-l-employeur-en-presence-de-substances-cmr-au-travail\">Povinnosti zam\u011bstnavatele p\u0159i v\u00fdskytu l\u00e1tek CMR na pracovi\u0161ti<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>Nahrazen\u00ed je povinnost\u00ed zam\u011bstnavatele<\/strong> a m\u00e1 p\u0159ednost p\u0159ed v\u0161emi ostatn\u00edmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rizika vdechnut\u00ed nebo po\u017eit\u00ed v\u00fdrobku CMR. Podnik mus\u00ed zd\u016fvodnit opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ijal, a\u0165 u\u017e byla \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1, nebo ne. <strong>Jednotn\u00fd dokument o posouzen\u00ed rizik<\/strong> zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdsledky v\u00fdzkumu. Technick\u00e9 argumenty mohou b\u00fdt pou\u017eity k od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00ed nenahrazen\u00ed l\u00e1tek nebo p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f CMR. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b mus\u00ed zam\u011bstnavatel zajistit, aby se karcinogeny, mutageny nebo l\u00e1tky toxick\u00e9 pro reprodukci pou\u017e\u00edvaly v uzav\u0159en\u00e9m prostoru (\u010dl\u00e1nek R.4412-68).    <\/p>\n\n<p>Ve spole\u010dnosti Obera jsme odborn\u00edci na \u00fapravu vzduchu pro va\u0161e pracovn\u00ed prostory. M\u016f\u017eeme navrhnout za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00e9 nebezpe\u010dnosti l\u00e1tek CMR. Nev\u00e1hejte n\u00e1s kontaktovat.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky samotn\u00e9 nebo ve sm\u011bs\u00edch mohou b\u00fdt karcinogenn\u00ed, mutagenn\u00ed nebo toxick\u00e9 pro lidskou reprodukci. Tyto l\u00e1tky se ozna\u010duj\u00ed jako l\u00e1tky CMR. Tyto l\u00e1tky jsou klasifikov\u00e1ny na z\u00e1klad\u011b nebezpe\u010dnosti, kterou p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed, a od roku 2008 se na n\u011b vztahuje evropsk\u00e9 na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (\u010d. 1272\/2008-Eur-Lex).     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":98274,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"L\u00e1tky CMR, riziko expozice na pracovi\u0161ti a p\u0159edpisy","_seopress_titles_desc":"Chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky mohou m\u00edt zdravotn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky a rizika. Mohou b\u00fdt karcinogenn\u00ed, mutagenn\u00ed nebo toxick\u00e9 pro lidskou reprodukci. 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