{"id":67432,"date":"2020-11-20T16:32:55","date_gmt":"2020-11-20T14:32:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/conseils\/facteurs-de-risque\/"},"modified":"2025-05-07T10:12:28","modified_gmt":"2025-05-07T08:12:28","slug":"facteurs-de-risque","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/et\/meie-nouanne\/facteurs-de-risque\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00d5husaaste: riskitegurid"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Lisaks v\u00e4ga tugevale \u00f6koloogilisele m\u00f5jule, millest me sageli meedias kuuleme, on \u00f5husaaste v\u00e4ga kahjulik meie tervisele.<br\/>Dr. Rob Beeleni (Utrechti \u00dclikool, Madalmaad) poolt l\u00e4bi viidud ja 2013. aastal meditsiiniajakirjas The Lancet avaldatud uuringu kohaselt suurendab PM2,5 kontsentratsiooni suurenemine 5 mikrogrammi kuupmeetri kohta suremust 7% v\u00f5rra.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"diametre-des-polluants\">Saasteainete l\u00e4bim\u00f5\u00f5t<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00dclaltoodud tabel annab \u00fclevaate erinevate saasteainete keskmisest suurusest. Mida j\u00e4medam osakestest, seda paremini suudab organism selle vastu v\u00f5idelda; vastupidi, mida peenemad osakestest, seda suuremad on riskid. <\/p>\n\n<p>Osakesi on kahte t\u00fc\u00fcpi. Need, mille l\u00e4bim\u00f5\u00f5t on suurem kui 10 \u00b5m ja mis on palja silmaga n\u00e4htavad, eriti p\u00e4ikesepaistelistelistelistel p\u00e4evadel, ning PM 10-st v\u00e4iksemad osakesed, mis on silmale n\u00e4htamatud. Viimased moodustavad suurema osa tolmust ja on ka k\u00f5ige ohtlikumad. Veelgi enam, kuna nende mass on nii v\u00e4ike, alluvad nad \u00f5huvooludele ja hajuvad v\u00e4ga kergesti. K\u00f5ik aerosoolid kuuluvad sellesse kategooriasse.    <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-temps-de-sedimentation-1024x376.jpg\" alt=\"4 Settimise aeg\" class=\"wp-image-1841\" width=\"1024\" height=\"376\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-temps-de-sedimentation-1024x376.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-temps-de-sedimentation-300x110.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-temps-de-sedimentation-768x282.jpg 768w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-temps-de-sedimentation-1536x564.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-temps-de-sedimentation-2048x752.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"la-granulometrie-des-poussieres-et-leurs-effets\">Tolmu granulomeetria ja selle m\u00f5ju<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00dclaltoodud diagramm n\u00e4itab osakeste kehasse tungimise taset vastavalt nende l\u00e4bim\u00f5\u00f5dule. Mida peenemad need on, seda s\u00fcgavamale nad kehasse satuvad ja seda raskem on neid v\u00e4ljutada. <\/p>\n\n<p>Loomulikult suudab keha t\u00e4nu kopsusiliumitele tolmu v\u00e4lja paisata. Need l\u00fckkavad osakesed edasi seedetrakti ja k\u00f5rvaldavad need seedimise kaudu. Kuid teatud populatsioonid on tundlikumad. N\u00e4iteks on suitsetajatel oluliselt v\u00e4hem kopsusilpe, mist\u00f5ttu neil v\u00f5tab osakeste eritamine kauem aega. Astmaatikud on \u00f5husaaste suhtes tundlikumad&#8230;    <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00dcks t\u00e4htsamaid tegureid osakeste toksilisuse puhul on biop\u00fcsivus: aeg, mis kulub organismil tolmu v\u00e4ljutamiseks.<\/p>\n\n<p>Teine tegur on PM 1. Need osakesed on nii peened, et nad l\u00e4bivad kopsualveoolid ja r\u00e4ndavad otse vereringesse. See kehtib eelk\u00f5ige sigaretisuitsu, viiruste, pestitsiidide jne puhul.  <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-fraction-poussieres.jpg\" alt=\"4 Tolmu fraktsioon\" class=\"wp-image-1840\" width=\"500\" height=\"526\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-fraction-poussieres.jpg 500w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-fraction-poussieres-285x300.jpg 285w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"temps-de-sedimentation\">Settimise aeg<\/h2>\n\n<p>K\u00f5ik osakesed sadestuvad. Kuid \u00fclipeente osakeste puhul v\u00f5ib kuluda mitu p\u00e4eva, enne kui need settivad maapinnale. <\/p>\n\n<p>Tolmu mass ja tihedus m\u00e4\u00e4ravad selle settimise kiiruse. Mida v\u00e4iksem on tolmu mass, seda kauem kestab selle sadestumine ja seda tundlikum on see \u00f5huvoolude suhtes. <\/p>\n\n<p>Nii et teoreetiliselt, kui me tahaksime oodata, kuni kogu tolm settib, peaksime t\u00f6\u00f6 15 p\u00e4evaks t\u00e4ielikult peatama. Kuna seda ei juhtu peaaegu kunagi, j\u00e4\u00e4vad k\u00f5ige peenemad osakesed alati h\u00f5ljuma ja kontsentreeruvad. <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-taille-de-particules-1024x844.jpg\" alt=\"4 Osakeste suurus\" class=\"wp-image-1839\" width=\"1024\" height=\"844\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-taille-de-particules-1024x844.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-taille-de-particules-300x247.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-taille-de-particules-768x633.jpg 768w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-taille-de-particules-1536x1266.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-taille-de-particules-2048x1688.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p>Uurige <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/et\/meie-nouanne\/poussiere-solvant-industrie\/\">, mis on tolm ja lahustid t\u00f6\u00f6stuses<\/a>, lugedes meie spetsiaalset artiklit, samuti <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/conseils\/traitement-air-industriel-guide-complet\/\">t\u00e4ielikku juhendit t\u00f6\u00f6stusliku \u00f5hu t\u00f6\u00f6tlemise kohta<\/a>.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00d5husaaste on meie tervisele v\u00e4ga kahjulik. Dr. Rob Beeleni 2013. aastal Hollandis l\u00e4bi viidud uuringu kohaselt suurendab 5 mikrogrammi PM2,5 kontsentratsiooni t\u00f5us kuupmeetri kohta suremust 7% v\u00f5rra. Uurige l\u00e4hemalt saastega seotud riskitegureid.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":99237,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Pollution de l\u2019air : Facteurs de risque pour la sant\u00e9","_seopress_titles_desc":"Outre un impact \u00e9cologique tr\u00e8s fort dont on entend souvent parler dans les m\u00e9dias, la pollution de l\u2019air est tr\u00e8s nocive pour notre sant\u00e9.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[296],"tags":[304],"class_list":["post-67432","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-meie-nouanne","tag-entete-vaike","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","no-featured-image-padding","resize-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67432","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67432"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67432\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":99274,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67432\/revisions\/99274"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99237"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67432"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=67432"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=67432"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}