{"id":93273,"date":"2023-03-10T16:17:42","date_gmt":"2023-03-10T14:17:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/nase-rada\/comment-mesurer-les-domaines-dexplosibilite-et-dexplosivite\/"},"modified":"2025-05-05T14:23:21","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T12:23:21","slug":"comment-mesurer-les-domaines-dexplosibilite-et-dexplosivite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lt\/musu-patarimas\/comment-mesurer-les-domaines-dexplosibilite-et-dexplosivite\/","title":{"rendered":"Kaip matuojami sprogmen\u0173 ir sprogstam\u0173j\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 diapazonai?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kaip vertinate sprogimo diapazono amplitud\u0119?<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>\u017demutin\u0117 sprogimo riba (LEL)<\/strong> ir <strong>vir\u0161utin\u0117 sprogimo riba (UEL)<\/strong> yra i\u0161orin\u0117s sprogimo diapazono ribos. Jos i\u0161rei\u0161kia sprogstamumo diapazono mast\u0105: UEL &#8211; UEL. <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite.png\" alt=\"sprogstamumas ir sprogstamumas\" class=\"wp-image-19295\" width=\"975\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite.png 1300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite-300x46.png 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite-1024x158.png 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite-768x118.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 975px) 100vw, 975px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p><strong>Sprogim\u0173 n\u0117ra<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>apatin\u0119 sprogimo rib\u0105<\/strong><strong>(<\/strong> <strong>LEL)<\/strong> ir visas ma\u017eesnes u\u017e \u0161i\u0105 rib\u0105 koncentracijas. Degalai yra <strong><em>\u017eemutin\u0117 <u>sprogstamumo<\/u> riba<\/em><\/strong>. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p><strong>Atmosferoje yra per ma\u017eai degal\u0173<\/strong>. Vidaus degimo variklis u\u017eg\u0119sta. Kitaip tariant, degiojo produkto kiekio nepakanka, kad duj\u0173 mi\u0161inys sudegt\u0173 per u\u017edegimo \u0161altin\u012f.  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>vir\u0161utin\u0117 sprogimo riba <\/strong><strong>(<\/strong> <strong>UEL <\/strong>) ir visos \u0161i\u0105 rib\u0105 vir\u0161ijan\u010dios koncentracijos: <strong><em>vir\u0161utin\u0117 <u>sprogimo<\/u> riba<\/em><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Atmosferoje yra per daug degal\u0173. Vidaus degimo variklis u\u017eg\u0119sta. Taigi degiojo produkto kiekis, palyginti su deguonies kiekiu, yra per didelis, kad prasid\u0117t\u0173 duj\u0173 mi\u0161inio degimas.  <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>LEL <\/strong>ir <strong>UEL<\/strong> &#8211; <strong>nesprogiosios<\/strong> degiojo produkto koncentracijos, sudaran\u010dios atitinkamai apatin\u0119 i\u0161orin\u0119 ir vir\u0161utin\u0119 i\u0161orin\u0119 <strong>sprogimo srities<\/strong> rib\u0105.<\/p>\n<cite><strong>LEL &lt; Sprogstamosios med\u017eiagos koncentracija &lt; LSE<\/strong><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kaip matuojamas sprogstamosios med\u017eiagos kiekis pagal ATEX?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vis\u0173 pirma, med\u017eiagos fizin\u0117 b\u016bkl\u0117 lemia matavimo vienet\u0105. Antra, koncentracijos vert\u0117s matuojamos laboratorijoje standartizuotomis s\u0105lygomis, t. y. esant 25 \u00b0C temperat\u016brai ir 1 baro atmosferos sl\u0117giui. <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Degi\u0173j\u0173 duj\u0173 ir gar\u0173<\/strong> atveju: koncentracija i\u0161rei\u0161kiama degiojo produkto t\u016brio procentais ATEX t\u016brio at\u017evilgiu (%).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Pavyzdys: vandenilis. LEL: 4 %. UEL: 75 %.  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Degi\u0173j\u0173 dulki\u0173<\/strong> atveju: koncentracija i\u0161rei\u0161kiama kaip degiojo produkto mas\u0117 ATEX t\u016brio vienete <sup>(g\/m3)<\/sup>.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Vietoj to matuojama apatin\u0117 sprogstamumo diapazono riba, vadinamoji ma\u017eiausia sprogstamosios med\u017eiagos koncentracija.<\/p>\n\n<p>Cukraus dulki\u0173 pavyzdys: LEL = CME: <sup>25 g\/m3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite-2.png\" alt=\"sprogumas ir sprogstamumas 2\" class=\"wp-image-19298\" width=\"975\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite-2.png 1300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite-2-300x46.png 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite-2-1024x158.png 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/domaines-explosivite-et-explosibilite-2-768x118.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 975px) 100vw, 975px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p>Konkreti sprogstamosios med\u017eiagos vert\u0117 &#8211; <strong>stechiometrin\u0117 koncentracija<\/strong> <sub>(Cst)<\/sub>&#8211; yra optimali jos koncentracija oksidatoriaus (deguonies) at\u017evilgiu, leid\u017eianti abiem reagentams visi\u0161kai sudegti. Esant tokiai koncentracijai, ATEX yra labiausiai sprogus. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sprogimo diapazonas ir deguonies koncentracija<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong> ATEX susidarym\u0105 <\/strong>lemia atitinkamas <strong>degal\u0173 ir oksidatoriaus <\/strong>(deguonies <strong>) koncentracij\u0173 <\/strong> derinys. Ta\u010diau, <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lt\/musu-patarimas\/mon-produit-peut-il-etre-responsable-dune-explosion-atex\/\">nustatydamas ATEX pavoj\u0173<\/a>, darbdavys pirmenyb\u0119 teikia degal\u0173 koncentracijai. Taip yra tod\u0117l, kad sprogimo zonos pasiekimas paprastai priklauso nuo eksploatavimo s\u0105lyg\u0173. \u0160ia prasme ji labiau simptomi\u0161ka ATEX susidarymo rizikai nei deguonies koncentracija. Taip yra tod\u0117l, kad dauguma eksploatacini\u0173 proces\u0173 vyksta<strong> aplinkos atmosferoje<\/strong>, kurioje deguonis yra oksidantas, kurio pastovi koncentracija yra 21 %.    <\/p>\n\n<p>Ta\u010diau tam tikrais pramoniniais atvejais<strong> tiksli deguonies koncentracijos informacija<\/strong> yra naudinga. Pavyzd\u017eiui, kai operacijoje naudojami keli oksiduojantys tirpikliai, i\u0161skiriantys garus ir susimai\u0161antys su oru. Arba kai procese naudojama<strong> didel\u0117 sprogi\u0173j\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 koncentracija<\/strong> \u012frenginiuose, \u012f kuriuos patenka ma\u017eai deguonies arba jo visai n\u0117ra.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sprogimo diapazono amplitud\u0117s poky\u010diai pramonin\u0117se situacijose<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>Sprogimo diapazonas <\/strong>matuojamas standartin\u0117mis temperat\u016bros ir sl\u0117gio s\u0105lygomis, nes d\u0117l \u0161i\u0173 parametr\u0173 jis kinta. \u0160ios laboratorin\u0117s s\u0105lygos retai atitinka eksploatavimo s\u0105lygas.<strong> Pakilus temperat\u016brai, sprogimo diapazonas i\u0161siple\u010dia<\/strong>. Taigi rizika padid\u0117ja, jei operacijos atliekamos esant <strong>auk\u0161tesnei<\/strong> nei standartin\u0117 temperat\u016brai. Pana\u0161iai, kai sl\u0117gis nukrenta \u017eemiau atmosferos sl\u0117gio, sprogimo diapazonas ma\u017e\u0117ja, kol i\u0161nyksta. Kai kuriose vakuumin\u0117se operacijose \u0161i savyb\u0117 naudojama siekiant i\u0161vengti sprogimo pavojaus. <strong>Sprogimo diapazonui <\/strong> \u012ftakos turi ir kiti veiksniai: med\u017eiagos granuliometrija (dulki\u0173 atveju), dr\u0117gm\u0117 ir kt.      <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Su\u017einokite, kaip i\u0161matuoti sprogimo ir sprogstamumo diapazonus, atsi\u017evelgiant \u012f \u012fvairius parametrus, pavyzd\u017eiui, sprogimo diapazono amplitud\u0119 ir jos kitim\u0105, sprogstamosios med\u017eiagos kiek\u012f ir sprogimo diapazono ry\u0161\u012f su deguonies koncentracija pramon\u0117je.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":93210,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Kaip matuojami sprogmen\u0173 ir sprogstam\u0173j\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 diapazonai?","_seopress_titles_desc":"\u0160iame straipsnyje su\u017einosite apie \u012fvairius parametrus, susijusius su sprogi\u0173j\u0173 ir sprogstam\u0173j\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 diapazono matavimu ATEX zonose pramon\u0117je.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[135],"tags":[136],"class_list":["post-93273","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-musu-patarimas","tag-entete-mazas","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","no-featured-image-padding","resize-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93273","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=93273"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93273\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":93278,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93273\/revisions\/93278"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/93210"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=93273"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=93273"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=93273"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}