{"id":40378,"date":"2024-03-25T15:20:08","date_gmt":"2024-03-25T13:20:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/non-classifiee\/gos-rupnieciskajos-procesos-kada-riska-mazinasanas-strategija\/"},"modified":"2025-04-15T11:32:16","modified_gmt":"2025-04-15T09:32:16","slug":"cov-processus-industriels-quelle-strategie-attenuation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/musu-padoms\/cov-processus-industriels-quelle-strategie-attenuation\/","title":{"rendered":"GOS r\u016bpnieciskajos procesos. K\u0101da riska mazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ija?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Gaisto\u0161i organiskie savienojumi (GOS)<\/strong> un smakas var rasties da\u017e\u0101dos r\u016bpnieciskos procesos. Lai izstr\u0101d\u0101tu efekt\u012bvas ietekmes mazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ijas, ir svar\u012bgi noteikt \u0161o procesu potenci\u0101los gaisto\u0161o organisko savienojumu emisiju avotus. <\/p>\n\n<p>No r\u016bpniec\u012bb\u0101 izmantotaj\u0101m viel\u0101m GOS izdal\u0101s jo \u012bpa\u0161i no \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101jiem. Tos izmanto t\u0101du <strong>produktu sast\u0101v\u0101<\/strong>, kas tiks pat\u0113r\u0113ti k\u0101 izejvielas vai izejmateri\u0101li r\u016bpniec\u012bbas proces\u0101, piem\u0113ram, kr\u0101su, tintes, laku, kr\u0101sas no\u0146\u0113m\u0113ju, t\u012br\u012b\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu, <strong>fitosanit\u0101ro l\u012bdzek\u013cu<\/strong>, kosm\u0113tikas u. c. <strong>sast\u0101v\u0101<\/strong>.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Visas r\u016bpniec\u012bbas nozares izmanto \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101jus, kas da\u017e\u0101dos procesos <strong>rada GOS emisijas<\/strong>. Piem\u0113ram: <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>virsmu vai produktu t\u012br\u012b\u0161ana un dezinfekcija: gr\u012bdas, iek\u0101rtas, ap\u0123\u0113rbs utt.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Met\u0101la un plastmasas deta\u013cu attauko\u0161ana &#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Iz\u0161\u0137\u012bdina un no\u0146em l\u012bmes, kr\u0101sas u. c. atliekas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Produkta at\u0161\u0137aid\u012b\u0161ana: iespied\u0113ju izmantot\u0101s tintes, gleznot\u0101ju izmantot\u0101s kr\u0101sas, lauksaimniec\u012bbas produkti u. c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ekstrah\u0113t, atdal\u012bt, sintez\u0113t un att\u012br\u012bt \u0137\u012bmiskos savienojumus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Aicin\u0101m iepaz\u012bties ar <strong>praksi, k\u0101 l\u012bdz minimumam samazin\u0101t GOS <\/strong>r\u016bpnieciskajos procesos.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Visp\u0101r\u012bga prakse GOS samazin\u0101\u0161anai r\u016bpnieciskajos procesos<\/h2>\n\n<p>Lai<strong> samazin\u0101tu gaisto\u0161o organisko savienojumu kl\u0101tb\u016btni r\u016bpnieciskajos procesos<\/strong>, \u0161eit ir aprakst\u012bti da\u017ei r\u016bpniec\u012bbas nozar\u0113 izplat\u012bti pa\u0146\u0113mieni.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Uzst\u0101d\u012bt<strong> GOS ekstrakcijas sist\u0113mu <\/strong>pie avota un att\u012br\u012b\u0161anas sist\u0113mu. Piem\u0113ram, lai l\u012bdz minimumam samazin\u0101tu GOS izkliedi apk\u0101rt\u0113j\u0101 gais\u0101, var izmantot nos\u016bc\u0113jus un filtru, kas att\u012bra gaisu, <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/produits\/traitement-cov\/filtre-atex-mobile-mobfan-4500\/\">adsorb\u0113jot to uz akt\u012bv\u0101s ogles<\/a>. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aizst\u0101t GOS saturo\u0161us produktus ar alternat\u012bv\u0101m viel\u0101m ar zem\u0101ku GOS saturu, ja to at\u013cauj ra\u017eo\u0161anas process. Lai to izdar\u012btu, vispirms j\u0101nosaka un j\u0101nov\u0113rt\u0113 konkr\u0113ti GOS avoti r\u016bpnieciskaj\u0101 teritorij\u0101. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>optimiz\u0113t<strong> r\u016bpniecisko procesu<\/strong>, lai samazin\u0101tu GOS emisijas (piel\u0101got ra\u017eo\u0161anas parametrus, optimiz\u0113t darba apst\u0101k\u013cus utt.).  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Regul\u0101ri p\u0101rbaudiet r\u016bpniecisk\u0101s iek\u0101rtas, lai konstat\u0113tu GOS nopl\u016bdes.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nodro\u0161in\u0101t, ka <strong>atkritumu apsaimnieko\u0161anas prakse<\/strong> samazina GOS emisijas. Tas var ietvert sl\u0113gtu konteineru izmanto\u0161anu, \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ju otrreiz\u0113ju p\u0101rstr\u0101di un atbilsto\u0161u atkritumu apglab\u0101\u0161anu. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Izveidot <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/conseils\/quelles-sources-cov-contribuent-degrader-qualite-air-site-industriel\/\">gaisa kvalit\u0101tes monitoringa sist\u0113mu, <\/a>lai noteiktu GOS koncentr\u0101ciju (piem\u0113ram, elektronisko degunu).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P\u0101rliecinieties, ka<strong>r\u016bpniecisk\u0101 iek\u0101rta<\/strong> atbilst GOS emisiju normat\u012bvajos aktos noteiktajiem standartiem un ierobe\u017eojumiem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>palielin\u0101t darbinieku inform\u0113t\u012bbu par riskiem, kas saist\u012bti ar GOS.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pie\u0146emot \u0161o paraugpraksi, uz\u0146\u0113mumi var pal\u012bdz\u0113t samazin\u0101t GOS emisijas,<strong> kontrol\u0113t r\u016bpniecisk\u0101s smakas<\/strong> un uzlabot iek\u0161telpu gaisa kvalit\u0101ti, kas labv\u0113l\u012bgi ietekm\u0113 gan darbinieku vesel\u012bbu, gan vidi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Ievie\u0161ot \u0161os pa\u0146\u0113mienus, ra\u017eot\u0101ji emit\u0113s maz\u0101k GOS un <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/musu-padoms\/quels-procedes-ameliorent-qualite-air-eliminant-cov\/\">uzlabos apk\u0101rt\u0113j\u0101 gaisa kvalit\u0101ti<\/a>, kas b\u016bs izdev\u012bgi gan <strong>darbinieku<\/strong> vesel\u012bbai un <strong>dro\u0161\u012bbai<\/strong>, gan videi.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"213\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-11-1-1024x213.jpg\" alt=\"dizains bez nosaukuma 11 1\" class=\"wp-image-30157\" style=\"width:1073px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-11-1-1024x213.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-11-1-300x63.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-11-1-768x160.jpg 768w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-11-1-1536x320.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-11-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GOS, ko emit\u0113 da\u017ei r\u016bpnieciskie procesi<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0160eit ir min\u0113ti <strong>da\u017ei r\u016bpnieciskie procesi,<\/strong> kuros var rasties gaisto\u0161ie organiskie savienojumi un smakas, un ar tiem saist\u012bt\u0101s ietekmes mazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ijas.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u0101di GOS izdal\u0101s r\u016bpnieciskajos drukas procesos un k\u0101das var izmantot emisiju samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ijas?  <\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GOS, kas izdal\u0101s rot\u0101cijas dobspiedes proces\u0101  <\/h4>\n\n<p>\u0160aj\u0101 \u013coti liela apjoma druk\u0101\u0161anas proces\u0101, kas paredz\u0113ts <strong>periodiskajiem katalogiem<\/strong> vai masveid\u0101 ra\u017eotiem kartona iepakojumiem (piem\u0113ram, cigare\u0161u, konditorejas izstr\u0101d\u0101jumu, \u0161\u0137idrumu u. c. iepakojumiem), k\u0101 \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101js tiek izmantots toluols. Tas ir arom\u0101tisks gaisto\u0161s organiskais savienojums, kas iek\u013cauts kr\u0101su sast\u0101v\u0101 vai tiek izmantots kr\u0101su at\u0161\u0137aid\u012b\u0161anai. Vair\u0101k nek\u0101 95 % drukas ra\u017eo\u0161anas proces\u0101 izmantot\u0101 toluola ir atrodami apk\u0101rt\u0113j\u0101 gais\u0101, un maz\u0101k nek\u0101 5 % no izmantot\u0101 toluola ir atrodami<strong> pap\u012bra \u0161\u0137iedr\u0101s<\/strong> (ANESM 2012). Iepakojumu iespie\u0161anai dzi\u013cspiedes tehnik\u0101 parasti izmanto <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/musu-padoms\/cov-aspiration-vapeurs-solvants\/\">\u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101jus, kas izdala sk\u0101bekli saturo\u0161us GOS<\/a> (esteri, spirti, ketoni).     <\/p>\n\n<p>Turkl\u0101t GOS izdal\u0101s ar\u012b<strong> druk\u0101\u0161anas un \u017e\u0101v\u0113\u0161anas procesa<\/strong> beig\u0101s: GOS saturo\u0161i notek\u016bde\u0146i, atk\u0101rtotai izmanto\u0161anai vai p\u0101rdo\u0161anai atg\u016btais \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101js, GOS, ko izdala process vai \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ja atg\u016b\u0161anas sist\u0113ma.  <\/p>\n\n<p><em>GOS samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ija dobspiedes iespieddarbiem<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Aiztur\u0113\u0161anas tintes izmanto\u0161ana, kas samazina pl\u0113ves veido\u0161an\u0101s \u0101trumu sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar tinti, kas tiek izmantota ar fluolu. GOS emisijas tiek koncentr\u0113tas \u017e\u0101v\u0113\u0161anas iek\u0101rt\u0101, kur t\u0101s tiek uztvertas un apstr\u0101d\u0101tas.   <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-13-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"dizains bez nosaukuma 13\" class=\"wp-image-30163\" style=\"width:401px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-13-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-13-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-13-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-13-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-13.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GOS, kas izdal\u0101s ofseta drukas proces\u0101  <\/h4>\n\n<p>\u0160o druk\u0101\u0161anas procesu izmanto lieliem gr\u0101matu, \u017eurn\u0101lu un katalogu tir\u0101\u017e\u0101m. Druk\u0101\u0161anas procesa s\u0101kum\u0101 gaisto\u0161os organiskos savienojumus izdala tintes, pamatnes \u0161\u0137\u012bdums (kas satur izopropanolu) un piedevas.<strong>Druk\u0101\u0161anas<\/strong> laik\u0101<strong>izopropanols izdal\u0101s dif\u016bz\u0101 veid\u0101<\/strong>. Liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca GOS izdal\u0101s drukas \u017e\u0101v\u0113\u0161anas laik\u0101. Turkl\u0101t druk\u0101 eso\u0161\u0101 kr\u0101sa var nedaudz izklied\u0113t GOS. Druk\u0101\u0161anas procesa beig\u0101s, t\u012brot plates un cilindrus, izmantotie \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ji izdala \u013coti nelielu daudzumu GOS (alif\u0101tiskie, cikliskie un\/vai naft\u0113niskie og\u013c\u016bde\u0146ra\u017ei (spirts, ligro\u012bns utt.).     <\/p>\n\n<p><em>GOS samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ija ofseta iespied\u0113jiem<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Pirmais prevent\u012bvais pas\u0101kums ir GOS saturo\u0161u g\u0101zveida izpl\u016bdes g\u0101zu<strong> uztver\u0161ana pie avota kr\u0101sn\u012b<\/strong> un att\u012br\u012b\u0161ana.  <\/p>\n\n<p>Pievienojot glikol\u0113terus (no 1 % l\u012bdz 5 %) \u0161\u0137\u012bdumam, var uz pusi samazin\u0101t izopropanola \u012bpatsvaru (no 10 % l\u012bdz 5 %), t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di samazinot GOS emisijas no iek\u0101rtas l\u012bdz pat 40 %. Tom\u0113r glikola \u0113teri ir GOS, no kuriem da\u017ei ir toksiski. <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Gaisto\u0161os \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101jus <\/strong>var ar\u012b <strong>da\u013c\u0113ji vai piln\u012bb\u0101 aizst\u0101t ar <\/strong>produktiem, ko izmanto iek\u0101rtu un piederumu t\u012br\u012b\u0161anai.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GOS, kas izdal\u0101s fleksogr\u0101fisk\u0101s drukas proces\u0101<\/h4>\n\n<p>Fleksogr\u0101fija ir reljefa drukas process, kur\u0101 izmanto <strong>elast\u012bgu fotopolim\u0113ra pl\u0101ksni rot\u0101cijas pres\u0113<\/strong>. \u0160is process darbojas k\u0101 nep\u0101rtraukts tintes spilventi\u0146\u0161, un to var izmantot elast\u012bga iepakojuma (gofr\u0113t\u0101 vai plakan\u0101 kartona, plastmasas pl\u0113ves, rekl\u0101mas maisi\u0146u), uzl\u012bmju uzl\u012bmju, met\u0101la iepakojuma u. c. apdrukai. Fleksogr\u0101fij\u0101 izmantotie \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ji, kas izdala GOS, ir spirti, acet\u0101ti un glikol\u0113teri.    <\/p>\n\n<p><em>GOS samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ija fleksogr\u0101fijai<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Tintes uz \u016bdens b\u0101zes (t\u0101s var satur\u0113t no 5 l\u012bdz 20 % \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ja) vai UV tintes izmanto\u0161ana (nepiecie\u0161ams main\u012bt preses iek\u0101rtas). Jebkuri atliku\u0161ie \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ji<strong> j\u0101no\u0137er to ra\u0161an\u0101s viet\u0101 <\/strong>un j\u0101apstr\u0101d\u0101 ar aktiv\u0113to ogli. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GOS, kas izdal\u0101s tipogr\u0101fijas laik\u0101<\/h4>\n\n<p>Tipogr\u0101fija ir drukas process, kur\u0101 uz pap\u012bra tiek druk\u0101tas reljef\u0101s rakstz\u012bmes, kas veido tekstu.<strong>Lielspiedes druka<\/strong> tiek izmantota dokumentu, kuru tir\u0101\u017ea ir no 20 000 l\u012bdz 30 000 eksempl\u0101ru, piem\u0113ram, bro\u0161\u016bru, skrejlapu un administrat\u012bvo dokumentu<strong>druk\u0101\u0161anai<\/strong>. GOS, ko izdala \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ji un at\u0161\u0137aid\u012bt\u0101ji, ir \u0161\u0101di: og\u013c\u016bde\u0146ra\u017ei (terpent\u012bns, toluols, ksilols u. c.), hlor\u0113tie savienojumi un etilspirts.  <\/p>\n\n<p><em>GOS samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ija tipogr\u0101fijas iespieddarbiem<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Maz GOS saturo\u0161u kr\u0101su izmanto\u0161ana,<strong>avota uztver\u0161anas <\/strong>un filtr\u0113\u0161anas<strong>sist\u0113mas uzst\u0101d\u012b\u0161ana <\/strong>, k\u0101 ar\u012b GOS emit\u0113jo\u0161u drukas atkritumu apsaimnieko\u0161ana ir da\u013ca no tipogr\u0101fijas procesa ietekmes mazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ij\u0101m.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GOS, kas izdal\u0101s sietspiedes proces\u0101<\/h4>\n\n<p>Sietspiede &#8211; <strong>druk\u0101\u0161anas process, kur\u0101<\/strong> izmanto ar tinti pies\u016bcin\u0101tus tekstilmateri\u0101lu sietus &#8211; var tikt izmantota, lai druk\u0101tos uz pap\u012bra, kartona, auduma, koka, met\u0101la, plastmasas u. c., katru reizi izmantojot atbilsto\u0161u tinti. Galvenie lietot\u0101ji ir grafikas nozare (rekl\u0101ma, izk\u0101rtnes, t\u0113lot\u0101jm\u0101ksla u. c.), elektronika (iespiedsh\u0113mas) un gr\u012bdas un sienu segumi. GOS, kas izdal\u0101s sietspiedes proces\u0101, ir da\u017e\u0101di: arom\u0101tiskie GOS (trimetilbenzols, toluols, ksilols), alicikliskie GOS (cikloheks\u0101ns), sk\u0101bekli saturo\u0161ie GOS (spirti, ketoni, esteri). Tie rodas,<strong>iztvaikojot<\/strong> tint\u0113<strong>eso\u0161ajam \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101jam<\/strong> (l\u012bdz 65 %)<strong>no<\/strong> t\u012br\u012b\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ciem.   <\/p>\n\n<p><em>GOS samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ija sietspiedes iespieddarbiem<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Emisijas samazina uz \u016bdens b\u0101zes ra\u017eotu tintes un tintes no\u0146\u0113m\u0113ju izmanto\u0161ana ar zemu GOS emisiju l\u012bmeni (piem\u0113ram, sojas metilesteris). Ir svar\u012bgi uztvert GOS jau to ra\u0161an\u0101s viet\u0101, sagatavojot ekr\u0101nus un kr\u0101sas, druk\u0101\u0161anas laik\u0101, p\u0101rnesot un \u017e\u0101v\u0113jot izdrukas, k\u0101 ar\u012b t\u012brot ekr\u0101nus. GOS<strong> emit\u0113jo\u0161o atkritumu uzglab\u0101\u0161ana ventil\u0113jam\u0101s tvertn\u0113s<\/strong> papildina GOS emisiju samazin\u0101\u0161anas sist\u0113mu.    <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u0101di GOS izdal\u0101s r\u016bpniecisko p\u0101rkl\u0101jumu procesos un k\u0101das ir to samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ijas?<\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GOS, kas izdal\u0101s no kr\u0101so\u0161anas procesiem automobi\u013cu ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101<\/h4>\n\n<p>Automobi\u013cu ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101 kr\u0101sas <strong>uzkl\u0101\u0161anas process<\/strong> ietver vair\u0101kus posmus, kuros izdal\u0101s GOS. Gruntskr\u0101sas k\u0101rtas uzkl\u0101j ar elektrofor\u0113zes metodi. Turpm\u0101k\u0101s gruntskr\u0101sas (\u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ja saturs: 37 l\u012bdz 60 %), b\u0101zes (75 %), lakas (60 l\u012bdz 70 %) vai lakas (60 %) k\u0101rtas parasti uzkl\u0101j ar izsmidzin\u0101\u0161anu, kam seko t\u012br\u012b\u0161anas un \u017e\u0101v\u0113\u0161anas darb\u012bbas. GOS, ko katr\u0101 posm\u0101 emit\u0113 <strong>da\u017e\u0101du p\u0101rkl\u0101jumu sast\u0101v\u0101 eso\u0161ie \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ji <\/strong>, ir: baltais spirts (alif\u0101tisko og\u013c\u016bde\u0146ra\u017eu grupa), izopropanols, benzilspirts, etanols un acetons.     <\/p>\n\n<p><em>GOS samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ija p\u0101rkl\u0101jumu procesiem automobi\u013cu ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>G\u0101zveida izpl\u016bdes g\u0101zu att\u012br\u012b\u0161ana, uztverot t\u0101s to ra\u0161an\u0101s viet\u0101 un filtr\u0113jot GOS, jo \u012bpa\u0161i izmantojot aktiv\u0113to ogli, <strong>ir profilakses pamats<\/strong>. P\u0101rkl\u0101jumu uzkl\u0101\u0161anas pa\u0146\u0113mienu izmanto\u0161ana, kas samazina \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ju pat\u0113ri\u0146u izsmidzin\u0101\u0161anas un t\u012br\u012b\u0161anas laik\u0101, ra\u017eo\u0161anas organiz\u0113\u0161ana, lai samazin\u0101tu \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ju pat\u0113ri\u0146u un atg\u016b\u0161anu, kr\u0101sas uz \u016bdens b\u0101zes vai pulverveida kr\u0101sas izv\u0113le un t\u012br\u012b\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu, kas nesatur \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101jus, izmanto\u0161ana, ja <strong>kr\u0101sas ir uz \u016bdens b\u0101zes,<\/strong> ir klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146u mazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ijas \u0161aj\u0101 nozar\u0113. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GOS, kas izdal\u0101s citos r\u016bpnieciskos p\u0101rkl\u0101jumu procesos (iz\u0146emot automobi\u013cu ra\u017eo\u0161anu)<\/h4>\n\n<p>Tie ir GOS, kas izdal\u0101s, <strong>uzkl\u0101jot kr\u0101su<\/strong>, laku vai lakas uz plastmasas, met\u0101la, tekstilizstr\u0101d\u0101jumiem, keramikas, stikla u. c. materi\u0101liem. Produkti, kas satur \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101jus (30 l\u012bdz 80 %), tiek izmantoti, lai not\u012br\u012btu pamatni, uzkl\u0101tu p\u0101rkl\u0101jumu un no\u017e\u016btu.   <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>GOS, ko emit\u0113<strong> \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ji, kurus izmanto met\u0101la p\u0101rkl\u0101jumu kl\u0101\u0161an\u0101<\/strong>, ir: butilacet\u0101ts un ksilols (at\u0161\u0137aid\u012b\u0161anai); metiletilketons, acetons, toluols (t\u012br\u012b\u0161anai), k\u0101 ar\u012b benzols, formaldeh\u012bds utt.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Plastmasu<strong> p\u0101rkl\u0101\u0161anas un t\u012br\u012b\u0161anas darb\u012bbas rada<\/strong> GOS, piem\u0113ram, butilacet\u0101tu, ksilolu, metilizobutilketonu, izobutanolu un formaldeh\u012bdu.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tekstilizstr\u0101d\u0101jumos izdal\u012btie GOS ir metiletilketons, toluols un perhloretil\u0113ns.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uz citiem substr\u0101tiem <strong>galvenie izdal\u012btie GOS<\/strong> ir butilacet\u0101ts un ksilols.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p><em>GOS samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ija r\u016bpniecisko p\u0101rkl\u0101jumu procesiem<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Papildus <strong>GOS <\/strong>uztver\u0161anai <strong>to ra\u0161an\u0101s <\/strong>viet\u0101 <strong>un att\u012br\u012b\u0161anai <\/strong>, kas ir galvenais seku mazin\u0101\u0161anas pas\u0101kums, papildu strat\u0113\u0123ija ir GOS samazin\u0101\u0161ana to ra\u0161an\u0101s viet\u0101. Tas ietver izsmidzin\u0101\u0161anas pa\u0146\u0113mienu izmanto\u0161anu, kas samazina GOS emisijas, t\u0101du produktu izmanto\u0161anu, kas satur maz\u0101k GOS (augstas ciet\u012bbas, uz \u016bdens b\u0101zes vai pulverveida kr\u0101sas), un t\u012br\u012b\u0161anas pa\u0146\u0113mienus, kuros <strong>izmanto<\/strong> maz\u0101k <strong>\u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ju<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GOS, kas izdal\u0101s automobi\u013cu virsb\u016bvju nozar\u0113<\/h4>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/design-sans-titre-12-edited.jpg\" alt=\"dizains bez nosaukuma 12\" class=\"wp-image-36041\" style=\"width:349px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/design-sans-titre-12-edited.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/design-sans-titre-12-edited-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/design-sans-titre-12-edited-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/design-sans-titre-12-edited-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Tie ir GOS, kas izdal\u0101s, uzkl\u0101jot kr\u0101su un laku uz <strong>virsb\u016bves, kas j\u0101labo vai j\u0101p\u0101rkr\u0101so<\/strong>, un izmantojot t\u012br\u012b\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus. Tie galvenok\u0101rt ir arom\u0101tiskie un alif\u0101tiskie og\u013c\u016bde\u0146ra\u017eu GOS un sk\u0101bekli saturo\u0161ie GOS (spirti, ketoni, esteri). <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"><em>GOS emisiju samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ija virsb\u016bves atjauno\u0161anai<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Galvenais emisiju samazin\u0101\u0161anas pas\u0101kums joproj\u0101m ir uztver\u0161ana to ra\u0161an\u0101s viet\u0101 kr\u0101so\u0161anas kab\u012bn\u0113s un p\u0113c tam apstr\u0101de pirms izvad\u012b\u0161anas \u0101rpus telp\u0101m, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu atbilst\u012bbu<strong> emisiju robe\u017ev\u0113rt\u012bb\u0101m <\/strong>atkar\u012bb\u0101 no darbn\u012bcas virsmas laukuma un izmantot\u0101 \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ja daudzuma. Izsmidzin\u0101\u0161anas pa\u0146\u0113mienu izmanto\u0161ana, kas samazina kr\u0101sas pat\u0113ri\u0146u un l\u012bdz ar to ar\u012b GOS emisijas, produktu ar zem\u0101k\u0101m GOS emisij\u0101m izmanto\u0161ana (kr\u0101sa ar augstu cietvielu saturu, kr\u0101sa vai laka uz \u016bdens b\u0101zes, UV laka) un t\u012br\u012b\u0161anas pa\u0146\u0113mieni, kas samazina<strong> GOS emisijas<\/strong>, ir visizplat\u012bt\u0101k\u0101s ietekmes mazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ijas virsb\u016bves nozar\u0113. <\/p>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u0101di GOS izdal\u0101s, ra\u017eojot kr\u0101sas, lakas, tintes un l\u012bmes, un k\u0101das ir to samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ijas?<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u0160o vielu formulas sast\u0101vda\u013cas tiek sagatavotas un uzglab\u0101tas \u0161\u0137idr\u0101 veid\u0101 no<strong> pulverveida materi\u0101liem un \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101jiem<\/strong>. P\u0113c tam sast\u0101vda\u013cas tiek doz\u0113tas vajadz\u012bgaj\u0101s dev\u0101s un sajauktas, lai izveidotu gatavo produktu. \u0160aj\u0101 r\u016bpniec\u012bbas nozar\u0113 k\u0101 \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101jus var izmantot aptuveni 200 GOS. Kr\u0101su, laku un tintes ra\u017eo\u0161anas procesos izdal\u012btie GOS ietver alif\u0101tiskos un arom\u0101tiskos og\u013c\u016bde\u0146ra\u017eus, ksilolu, toluolu, dihlormet\u0101nu, esterus un spirtu. Galven\u0101s GOS <strong>l\u012bmes un \u017eelat\u012bna ra\u017eo\u0161anas procesos<\/strong> ir metiletilketons, etilacet\u0101ts un og\u013c\u016bde\u0146ra\u017ei.    <\/p>\n\n<p><em>GOS samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ija kr\u0101su, laku, tintes un adhez\u012bvu ra\u017eo\u0161anai<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Pirmais pas\u0101kums ir GOS saturo\u0161u g\u0101zveida izpl\u016bdes g\u0101zu uztver\u0161ana to ra\u0161an\u0101s viet\u0101 un att\u012br\u012b\u0161ana. Piem\u0113ram,<strong> p\u0101rvietojamu akt\u012bv\u0101s ogles filtru <\/strong>izmanto\u0161ana ir viegli piel\u0101gojama ra\u017eo\u0161anas apst\u0101k\u013cu izmai\u0146\u0101m. Strat\u0113\u0123ijas GOS emisiju samazin\u0101\u0161anai ietver aizst\u0101j\u0113jproduktu ar zemu \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ju saturu (produkti uz \u016bdens b\u0101zes vai produkti ar augstu cietvielu saturu) vai produktu bez \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101jiem izmanto\u0161anu. <strong>T\u012br\u012b\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ciem<\/strong> ra\u017eot\u0101ji var aizst\u0101t organiskos \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101jus ar sodas un pota\u0161a \u016bdens \u0161\u0137\u012bdumiem, kas uzsild\u012bti l\u012bdz 80 \u00b0C, bet prasa mazg\u0101\u0161anas \u016bdens apstr\u0101di.   <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u0101di GOS izdal\u0101s l\u012bmes p\u0101rkl\u0101jumu ra\u017eo\u0161anas procesos un k\u0101das ir to samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ijas?<\/h3>\n\n<p>GOS iek\u013c\u016bst<strong> adhez\u012bv\u0101 p\u0101rkl\u0101juma proces\u0101<\/strong> ar \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ju b\u0101zes adhez\u012bviem, kas p\u0101rkl\u0101j p\u0101rkl\u0101juma virsmu, un ar izmantotajiem at\u0161\u0137aid\u012bt\u0101jiem. GOS emisijas ir iev\u0113rojamas \u017e\u0101v\u0113\u0161anas procesa laik\u0101. Galvenie veidi ir \u0161\u0101di    <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>akrila l\u012bmes l\u012bmju<\/strong> (l\u012bmlentu, eti\u0137e\u0161u u. c.) izgatavo\u0161anai, gr\u012bdas un sienu segumu l\u012bm\u0113\u0161anai, PVC lok\u0161\u0146u uzkl\u0101\u0161anai uz koka pane\u013ciem u. c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>vinila l\u012bmes, ko<\/strong> izmanto PVC deta\u013cu l\u012bm\u0113\u0161anai automobi\u013cu r\u016bpniec\u012bb\u0101 (v\u0113jstikli u. c.), b\u016bvniec\u012bb\u0101 (dren\u0101\u017eas caurules u. c.) u. c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>poliuret\u0101na l\u012bmes<\/strong> iepakojuma, tekstila un apavu r\u016bpniec\u012bbai.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>neopr\u0113na l\u012bmes<\/strong> automobi\u013cu, apavu un b\u016bvniec\u012bbas nozar\u0113m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>R\u016bpniecisko adhez\u012bvo p\u0101rkl\u0101jumu procesos galvenok\u0101rt izdal\u0101s \u0161\u0101di GOS: metiletilketons, dimetiletilketons, butilacet\u0101ts, etilacet\u0101ts, etilbenzols, toluols un ksilols.<\/p>\n\n<p><em>GOS samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ija adhez\u012bvu p\u0101rkl\u0101jumu ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>\u017d\u0101v\u0113\u0161anas procesa laik\u0101 GOS emisijas tiek uztvertas to ra\u0161an\u0101s viet\u0101 un p\u0113c tam filtr\u0113tas, izmantojot aktiv\u0113to ogli, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di iev\u0113rojami samazinot<strong> emisijas atmosf\u0113r\u0101<\/strong>. P\u0101r\u0113jie GOS emisiju samazin\u0101\u0161anas pa\u0146\u0113mieni ir identiski tiem, ko izmanto l\u012bmes ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101, k\u0101 aprakst\u012bts iepriek\u0161. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u0101di ir GOS, kas izdal\u0101s r\u016bpniecisk\u0101s farmaceitisk\u0101s ra\u017eo\u0161anas procesos, un k\u0101das var izmantot to samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ijas?<\/h3>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/industrie-pharmaceutique-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"sieviete aizsargt&#x113;rp&#x101;, kas ra&#x17E;o tabletes sterilos darba apst&#x101;k&#x13C;os.\" class=\"wp-image-36056\" style=\"width:350px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/industrie-pharmaceutique-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/industrie-pharmaceutique-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/industrie-pharmaceutique-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/industrie-pharmaceutique-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/industrie-pharmaceutique-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p><strong>R\u016bpnieciskie procesi<\/strong> ir da\u017e\u0101di &#8211; no akt\u012bv\u0101s farmaceitisk\u0101s vielas (izejvielas) ra\u017eo\u0161anas l\u012bdz farmaceitisk\u0101s formas (tabletes, kapsulas, ziedes, s\u012brupa, aerosola u. c.) izgatavo\u0161anai. Daudzas darb\u012bbas farmaceitisk\u0101s ra\u017eo\u0161anas procesos ir saist\u012btas ar \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101jiem un rada gaisto\u0161o organisko savienojumu emisiju: mais\u012bt\u0101ja iekrau\u0161ana, izpl\u016bdes uzglab\u0101\u0161anas tvert\u0146u piepild\u012b\u0161ana, <strong>sterila gaisa iesmidzin\u0101\u0161ana caurul\u0113s<\/strong>, lai pirms t\u012br\u012b\u0161anas likvid\u0113tu produktu, \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ja p\u0101rne\u0161ana no autocistern\u0101m uzglab\u0101\u0161anas tvertn\u0113s, paraugu \u0146em\u0161ana kvalit\u0101tes kontrolei utt. Farm\u0101cijas r\u016bpniec\u012bb\u0101 izmanto aptuveni piecdesmit \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101jus, kas izdala GOS. To vid\u016b ir aptuveni desmit konkr\u0113ti GOS, kas klasific\u0113ti k\u0101 CMR: dioks\u0101ns, hloroforms, dimetilformam\u012bds, dihloret\u0101ns, metil\u0113nhlor\u012bds, perhloretil\u0113ns, dimetilam\u012bns, diglim\u012bds un triglim\u012bds.   <\/p>\n\n<p><em>GOS mazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ija z\u0101\u013cu ra\u017eo\u0161anai<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Katrai darb\u012bbai, kur\u0101 izmanto \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101jus un emit\u0113 GOS, nepiecie\u0161ama uztver\u0161ana un att\u012br\u012b\u0161ana to ra\u0161an\u0101s viet\u0101. Bie\u017ei tiek izmantota adsorbcija uz akt\u012bv\u0101s ogles un termisk\u0101 oksid\u0101cija. GOS emisiju samazin\u0101\u0161ana l\u012bdz minimumam ietver avotu izol\u0113\u0161anu un \u017e\u0101v\u0113\u0161anu sl\u0113gt\u0101 cikl\u0101, lai samazin\u0101tu <strong>dif\u016bz\u0101s emisijas<\/strong>, sl\u0113gtas iek\u0101rtu t\u012br\u012b\u0161anas oper\u0101cijas un, ja iesp\u0113jams, procesa att\u012br\u012b\u0161anas recirkul\u0101ciju, lai izvair\u012btos no tie\u0161as GOS izpl\u016bdes caur atver\u0113m. \u0160\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ju aizst\u0101\u0161ana ir sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101ka, jo tos izv\u0113las p\u0113c to <strong>fizik\u0101li \u0137\u012bmiskaj\u0101m \u012bpa\u0161\u012bb\u0101m <\/strong>, kas veicina procesu. Katr\u0101 atsevi\u0161\u0137\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 ra\u017eot\u0101js var aizst\u0101t proces\u0101 izmantoto \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ju ar \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ju, kas izdala maz\u0101k toksisku GOS.      <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u0101di GOS izdal\u0101s ma\u0161\u012bnb\u016bves procesos un k\u0101das ir to samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ijas?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Tas galvenok\u0101rt ietver met\u0101la virsmu t\u012br\u012b\u0161anu pirms vai p\u0113c apstr\u0101des, lai no\u0146emtu sm\u0113rvielas, grie\u0161anas \u0161\u0137idrumus, e\u013c\u013cas un ciet\u0101s da\u013ci\u0146as. M\u0113r\u0137is ir vai nu sagatavoties n\u0101kamajai darb\u012bbai, vai ar\u012b uzlabot virsmas izskatu. T\u012br\u012b\u0161an\u0101 var kombin\u0113t \u0137\u012bmisku iedarb\u012bbu uz \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ja b\u0101zes, meh\u0101nisku iedarb\u012bbu (ultraska\u0146a, smidzin\u0101\u0161ana, manu\u0101la vai meh\u0101niska mais\u012b\u0161ana) un noteiktu temperat\u016bras l\u012bmeni, lai palielin\u0101tu \u0137\u012bmisko iedarb\u012bbu. P\u0113c tam bie\u017ei seko skalo\u0161ana un \u017e\u0101v\u0113\u0161ana. \u0160\u0101da veida darb\u012bb\u0101s tradicion\u0101li izdal\u0101s \u0161\u0101di GOS: halogen\u0113tie GOS (perhloretil\u0113ns, dihlormet\u0101ns, trihloretil\u0113ns), og\u013c\u016bde\u0146ra\u017eu GOS un sk\u0101bekli saturo\u0161ie GOS (acetons, etanols, izopropanols, glikola \u0113teri, glikola esteri, metiletilketons).    <\/p>\n\n<p><em>GOS mazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ija ma\u0161\u012bnb\u016bves nozarei<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Gaisto\u0161ie organiskie savienojumi priorit\u0101ri tiek uztverti to ra\u0161an\u0101s viet\u0101 un re\u0123ener\u0113ti ar akt\u012bv\u0101s ogles filtr\u0101ciju. GOS var samazin\u0101t \u0161\u0101di: <strong>\u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ju aizst\u0101\u0161ana ar mazg\u0101\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ciem<\/strong> (ar piedev\u0101m, kas emit\u0113 maz\u0101k GOS), mazg\u0101\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ciem, kas satur virsmakt\u012bv\u0101s vielas un bakt\u0113rijas (biog\u0113n\u0101s GOS emisijas), agrosolventiem, termisk\u0101 att\u012br\u012b\u0161ana, l\u0101zera vai aukst\u0101s plazmas procesi (kodolener\u0123\u0113tikas un aeronautikas r\u016bpniec\u012bba), ledus vai saus\u0101 ledus spridzin\u0101\u0161ana (vienreiz\u0113ji lietojumi),<strong> CO<\/strong><strong><sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><strong> (<\/strong> pa\u0161laik tiek r\u016bpnieciski izmantots). <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u0101di GOS izdal\u0101s lie\u0161anas procesos un k\u0101das ir to samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ijas?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Lie\u0161ana ietver izkaus\u0113ta met\u0101la ielej\u0161anu veidn\u0113, lai izgatavotu met\u0101la deta\u013cu. Veidni var izgatavot, izmantojot <strong>smil\u0161u un za\u013c\u0101s kr\u0101sas procesu <\/strong>(smiltis + m\u0101ls + ogleklis) vai \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101s saciet\u0113\u0161anas procesu (smiltis + sve\u0137i). Izmantojot \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101s saistvielas, mais\u012b\u0161anas, lie\u0161anas un serdes veido\u0161anas, uzglab\u0101\u0161anas, lie\u0161anas un dzes\u0113\u0161anas laik\u0101 rodas da\u017e\u0101di GOS. Galvenie GOS, kas izdal\u0101s r\u016bpniecisk\u0101 procesa laik\u0101, ir: gaisto\u0161ais organiskais ogleklis, <strong>arom\u0101tiskie og\u013c\u016bde\u0146ra\u017ei GOS<\/strong>: benzols, etilbenzols, toluols, ksilols (BTEX), sk\u0101bekli saturo\u0161ie GOS, tostarp aldeh\u012bdi (formaldeh\u012bds, akrole\u012bns, acetaldeh\u012bds), fenols, spirts, esteri.   <\/p>\n\n<p><em>GOS samazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ija lietuvju nozarei<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Pirm\u0101 strat\u0113\u0123ija ir uztvert emisijas to ra\u0161an\u0101s viet\u0101, izmantojot nos\u016bc\u0113jus, un apstr\u0101d\u0101t t\u0101s da\u017e\u0101dos procesa posmos. Lai <strong>samazin\u0101tu emisijas to ra\u0161an\u0101s viet\u0101, izmantojot graf\u012btu<\/strong> za\u013co smil\u0161u proces\u0101, tiek samazin\u0101ts gaisto\u0161\u0101 oglek\u013ca daudzums. Attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101s iestr\u0101des procesu tendence ir izmantot sve\u0137us ar maz\u0101ku gaisto\u0161o organisko savienojumu emisiju daudzumu.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gaisto\u0161i organiskie savienojumi (GOS) un smakas var rasties da\u017e\u0101dos r\u016bpnieciskos procesos. Lai izstr\u0101d\u0101tu efekt\u012bvas ietekmes mazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ijas, ir svar\u012bgi noteikt \u0161o procesu potenci\u0101los gaisto\u0161o organisko savienojumu emisiju avotus. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":82087,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"GOS r\u016bpnieciskajos procesos. K\u0101da riska mazin\u0101\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ija? ","_seopress_titles_desc":"Gaisto\u0161i organiskie savienojumi (GOS) un smakas var rasties da\u017e\u0101dos r\u016bpnieciskos procesos. Potenci\u0101lo gaisto\u0161o organisko savienojumu emisiju avotu identific\u0113\u0161ana. 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