{"id":45709,"date":"2020-05-01T17:33:58","date_gmt":"2020-05-01T15:33:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/non-classifiee\/riski-kas-saistiti-ar-aluminija-oksida-puteklu-iedarbibu\/"},"modified":"2025-05-07T10:03:21","modified_gmt":"2025-05-07T08:03:21","slug":"aspiration-de-poussiere-doxyde-daluminium","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/musu-padoms\/aspiration-de-poussiere-doxyde-daluminium\/","title":{"rendered":"Riski, kas saist\u012bti ar alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013cu iedarb\u012bbu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

OberA tikko ir pieg\u0101d\u0101jusi DUSTOMAT 16M putek\u013cu sav\u0101c\u0113ju Eiropas uz\u0146\u0113mumam, kas ir avi\u0101cijas un kosmosa apak\u0161uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113js, kur\u0161 specializ\u0113jas kompoz\u012btmateri\u0101lu pielieto\u0161an\u0101, lai nov\u0113rstu riskus, kas saist\u012bti ar alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013cu iedarb\u012bbu.<\/p>\n\n

Alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013cu b\u012bstam\u012bba<\/h2>\n\n

Alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013cu kl\u0101tb\u016btne aeronautikas<\/strong> r\u016bpniec\u012bb\u0101 var rad\u012bt risku vesel\u012bbai, jo \u012bpa\u0161i, ja \u0161\u012bs da\u013ci\u0146as tiek ieelpotas, kas var izrais\u012bt elpo\u0161anas ce\u013cu probl\u0113mas, piem\u0113ram, elpce\u013cu kairin\u0101jumu, klepu, elpo\u0161anas gr\u016bt\u012bbas un plau\u0161u slim\u012bbas. Da\u017eiem jut\u012bgiem cilv\u0113kiem \u0161\u012bs da\u013ci\u0146as var izrais\u012bt ar\u012b \u0101das kairin\u0101jumu<\/strong> un aler\u0123iju. <\/p>\n\n

No vides viedok\u013ca, ja alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013ci tiek izlaisti vid\u0113 bez atbilsto\u0161as kontroles, tie var non\u0101kt gais\u0101 un nok\u013c\u016bt uz apk\u0101rt\u0113j\u0101s<\/strong> augsnes un ve\u0123et\u0101cijas<\/strong>. Tas var negat\u012bvi ietekm\u0113t viet\u0113jo ekosist\u0113mu un izrais\u012bt vides pies\u0101r\u0146ojumu. T\u0101p\u0113c ir svar\u012bgi \u012bstenot atbilsto\u0161us kontroles pas\u0101kumus. <\/p>\n\n

P\u0113d\u0113jais risks ir saist\u012bts ar ra\u017eo\u0161anas iek\u0101rt\u0101m un apr\u012bkojumu.Alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013cu uzkr\u0101\u0161an\u0101s<\/strong> uz ma\u0161\u012bnu un iek\u0101rtu virsm\u0101m var izrais\u012bt darb\u012bbas un veiktsp\u0113jas probl\u0113mas. Putek\u013cu da\u013ci\u0146as var aizsprostot filtrus, gaisa vadus <\/strong>un jut\u012bgus komponentus, piem\u0113ram, elektronisk\u0101s sh\u0113mas, kas var samazin\u0101t iek\u0101rtu efektivit\u0101ti un izrais\u012bt boj\u0101jumus. <\/p>\n\n

K\u0101 j\u016bs varat samazin\u0101t riskus?<\/h2>\n\n

Lai mazin\u0101tu \u0161os riskus, ir svar\u012bgi ieviest pas\u0101kumus alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013cu ieguves kontrolei<\/strong>. Specializ\u0113t\u0101s r\u016bpniecisk\u0101s nos\u016bces sist\u0113mas ir izstr\u0101d\u0101tas t\u0101, lai efekt\u012bvi uztvertu putek\u013cu da\u013ci\u0146as un novad\u012btu t\u0101s uz atbilsto\u0161\u0101m filtr\u0113\u0161anas ier\u012bc\u0113m. \u0160\u012bs sist\u0113mas pal\u012bdz uztur\u0113t t\u012bru un dro\u0161u darba vidi, samazinot risku darbinieku vesel\u012bbai, ietekmi uz vidi un iesp\u0113jam\u0101s probl\u0113mas ar iek\u0101rt\u0101m. <\/p>\n\n

Svar\u012bgi ir ar\u012b inform\u0113t darbiniekus par riskiem, kas saist\u012bti ar alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013ciem<\/strong>, un nodro\u0161in\u0101t vi\u0146iem atbilsto\u0161u apm\u0101c\u012bbu par labu vesel\u012bbas un dro\u0161\u012bbas praksi.<\/p>\n\n

Aeronavig\u0101cijas standarti un noteikumi<\/h2>\n\n

Lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu dro\u0161us un vesel\u012bbai nekait\u012bgus darba apst\u0101k\u013cus darbiniekiem, kosmisk\u0101s avi\u0101cijas nozar\u0113 ir sp\u0113k\u0101 \u012bpa\u0161i standarti un noteikumi attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz putek\u013ciem un gaisa kvalit\u0101ti<\/strong>. \u0160eit ir sniegts p\u0101rskats par galvenajiem attiec\u012bgajiem standartiem un noteikumiem: <\/p>\n\n

    \n
  1. ISO 14644<\/strong>: \u0160is starptautiskais standarts neattiecas konkr\u0113ti uz alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013ciem vai citiem \u012bpa\u0161iem putek\u013cu veidiem. Tom\u0113r taj\u0101 ir noteikti krit\u0113riji t\u012bro telpu<\/strong> un kontrol\u0113jam\u0101s vides klasifik\u0101cijai<\/strong> atkar\u012bb\u0101 no gais\u0101 eso\u0161o da\u013ci\u0146u koncentr\u0101cijas. \u0160os krit\u0113rijus var piem\u0113rot, lai nov\u0113rt\u0113tu un kontrol\u0113tu t\u0101du putek\u013cu k\u0101 alum\u012bnija oks\u012bds kl\u0101tb\u016btni kosmisk\u0101s avi\u0101cijas vid\u0113. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

    ISO 14644 standarts nosaka gaisa t\u012br\u012bbas klases no ISO 1 l\u012bdz ISO 9, pamatojoties uz maksim\u0101lo pie\u013caujamo da\u017e\u0101da lieluma da\u013ci\u0146u skaitu kubikmetr\u0101 gaisa. \u0160\u012bs klases nosaka pie\u013caujam\u0101s putek\u013cu robe\u017ev\u0113rt\u012bbas<\/strong> katrai kategorijai. ISO 1 ir vist\u012br\u0101k\u0101 klase ar visstingr\u0101kajiem putek\u013cu ierobe\u017eojumiem. <\/p>\n\n

    Lai \u012bpa\u0161i kontrol\u0113tu alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013cus, ieteicams izmantot specializ\u0113tas r\u016bpniecisk\u0101s nos\u016bces sist\u0113mas, piem\u0113ram, iepriek\u0161 min\u0113tos r\u016bpnieciskos putek\u013cu sav\u0101c\u0113jus<\/strong>, uztver\u0161anas rokturus un ier\u012bces, nos\u016bces galdus, r\u016bpnieciskos putek\u013cus\u016bc\u0113jus, filtrus un r\u016bpniecisk\u0101s nos\u016bces cauru\u013cvadus. \u0160o apr\u012bkojumu var integr\u0113t t\u012braj\u0101s telp\u0101s un darba vid\u0113, lai efekt\u012bvi uztvertu un atdal\u012btu alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013cus saska\u0146\u0101 ar ISO 14644 pras\u012bb\u0101m. <\/p>\n\n

      \n
    1. Eiropas Direkt\u012bvas 2004\/37\/EK<\/strong>, kas paz\u012bstama ar\u012b k\u0101“CMR direkt\u012bva”<\/strong>(kancerog\u0113nas, mutag\u0113nas un reprodukt\u012bvajai funkcijai toksiskas vielas), m\u0113r\u0137is ir aizsarg\u0101t darba \u0146\u0113m\u0113jus pret risku, kas saist\u012bts arb\u012bstamu vielu, tostarp kancerog\u0113nu, mutag\u0113nu vai reprodukt\u012bvajai funkcijai toksisku vielu,iedarb\u012bbu<\/a>. Lai gan \u0161\u012b direkt\u012bva neattiecas konkr\u0113ti uz alum\u012bnija oks\u012bdu, t\u0101 ir piem\u0113rojama da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m b\u012bstam\u0101m viel\u0101m, ko izmanto aeronautikas nozar\u0113, tostarp alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda potenci\u0101li rad\u012btiem putek\u013ciem. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

      \u0160eit ir izkl\u0101st\u012bti galvenie Eiropas Direkt\u012bvas 2004\/37\/EK elementi, kas attiecas uz alum\u012bnija oks\u012bdu aeronautikas nozar\u0113:<\/p>\n\n

      B\u012bstamo vielu klasifik\u0101cija:<\/strong> direkt\u012bv\u0101 ir noteikti krit\u0113riji b\u012bstamo vielu, tostarp kancerog\u0113nu, mutag\u0113nu vai reprodukt\u012bvajai funkcijai toksisku vielu, klasifik\u0101cijai un mar\u0137\u0113\u0161anai. Alum\u012bnija oks\u012bdu, ja tas noteiktos apst\u0101k\u013cos tiek uzskat\u012bts par b\u012bstamu vielu, var klasific\u0113t atkar\u012bb\u0101 no t\u0101 \u0137\u012bmiskaj\u0101m \u012bpa\u0161\u012bb\u0101m<\/strong> un ietekmes uz vesel\u012bbu. <\/p>\n\n

      Riska nov\u0113rt\u0113\u0161ana un profilakses pas\u0101kumi <\/strong>: direkt\u012bv\u0101 noteikts, ka darba dev\u0113jiem j\u0101nov\u0113rt\u0113 riski, kas saist\u012bti ar b\u012bstamu vielu, tostarp alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013cu, iedarb\u012bbu uz darba \u0146\u0113m\u0113jiem. \u0160aj\u0101 nov\u0113rt\u0113jum\u0101 j\u0101\u0146em v\u0113r\u0101 iedarb\u012bbas veidi (ieelpo\u0161ana, saskare ar \u0101du utt.) un darba vid\u0113 eso\u0161o vielu daudzums. Pamatojoties uz \u0161o nov\u0113rt\u0113jumu, ir j\u0101ievie\u0161 atbilsto\u0161i prevent\u012bvi pas\u0101kumi,<\/strong> lai samazin\u0101tu vai nov\u0113rstu riskus. <\/p>\n\n

      arodekspoz\u012bcijas robe\u017ev\u0113rt\u012bbas <\/strong>: direkt\u012bv\u0101 noteiktas arodekspoz\u012bcijas robe\u017ev\u0113rt\u012bbas (OEL) konkr\u0113t\u0101m b\u012bstam\u0101m viel\u0101m. \u0160ie OEL nosaka maksim\u0101li pie\u013caujamo vielu koncentr\u0101ciju darba vides gais\u0101. Lai gan direkt\u012bv\u0101 nav nor\u0101d\u012btas konkr\u0113tas OEL alum\u012bnija oks\u012bdam, darba dev\u0113jiem j\u0101\u0146em v\u0113r\u0101 zin\u0101tniskie ieteikumi un pieejam\u0101s valsts vai starptautisk\u0101s robe\u017ev\u0113rt\u012bbas, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu, kaalum\u012bnija oks\u012bda iedarb\u012bba uz darba \u0146\u0113m\u0113jiem<\/strong> nep\u0101rsniedz b\u012bstamo l\u012bmeni. <\/p>\n\n

      Darba dev\u0113ju pien\u0101kumi <\/strong>: direkt\u012bv\u0101 noteikts, ka darba dev\u0113jiem j\u0101veic atbilsto\u0161i aizsardz\u012bbas pas\u0101kumi, lai nov\u0113rstu vai samazin\u0101tu b\u012bstamu vielu, tostarp alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda, iedarb\u012bbu uz darba \u0146\u0113m\u0113jiem<\/a>. Tas var ietvert tehnisko pas\u0101kumu \u012bsteno\u0161anu, piem\u0113ram, r\u016bpniecisko ekstrakcijas sist\u0113mu izmanto\u0161anu alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013cu uztver\u0161anai<\/strong>, k\u0101 ar\u012b piem\u0113rotu individu\u0101lo aizsardz\u012bbas l\u012bdzek\u013cu (IAL) nodro\u0161in\u0101\u0161anu un darbinieku apm\u0101c\u012bbu un inform\u0113\u0161anas pas\u0101kumu \u012bsteno\u0161anu. <\/p>\n\n

      J\u0101\u0146em v\u0113r\u0101, ka noteikumi un konkr\u0113t\u0101s robe\u017ev\u0113rt\u012bbas<\/strong> da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s Eiropas Savien\u012bbas valst\u012bs var at\u0161\u0137irties. T\u0101p\u0113c darba dev\u0113jiem j\u0101iev\u0113ro valsts noteikumi un j\u0101piem\u0113ro nepiecie\u0161amie pas\u0101kumi. <\/p>\n\n

      Alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013cu uztver\u0161anas metodes<\/h2>\n\n

      Alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013cu un citu da\u013ci\u0146u efekt\u012bvai p\u0101rvald\u012bbai avi\u0101cijas un kosmosa<\/strong> r\u016bpniec\u012bb\u0101 ir ieteicami da\u017e\u0101di ekstrakcijas sist\u0113mu veidi. \u0160\u012bs sist\u0113mas ir paredz\u0113tas gais\u0101 eso\u0161o da\u013ci\u0146u uztver\u0161anai, filtr\u0113\u0161anai un aizv\u0101k\u0161anai, nodro\u0161inot t\u012br\u0101ku un dro\u0161\u0101ku darba vidi. \u0160eit ir min\u0113ti da\u017ei no parasti izmantotajiem nos\u016bces sist\u0113mu <\/strong>veidiem: <\/p>\n\n

      R\u016bpnieciskie putek\u013cu sav\u0101c\u0113ji :<\/strong> R\u016bpnieciskie putek\u013cu sav\u0101c\u0113ji, paz\u012bstami ar\u012b k\u0101 putek\u013cu sav\u0101c\u0113ji, ir ier\u012bces, ko izmanto gais\u0101 eso\u0161o da\u013ci\u0146u uztver\u0161anai. Tie izmanto filtrus, lai aiztur\u0113tu da\u013ci\u0146as, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di pal\u012bdzot uztur\u0113t t\u012bru darba vidi<\/strong>. Atkar\u012bb\u0101 no konkr\u0113t\u0101 lietojuma vajadz\u012bb\u0101m var izmantot da\u017e\u0101dus filtrus, piem\u0113ram, maisa filtrus, kase\u0161u filtrus vai elektrostatiskos filtrus. <\/p>\n\n

      Uztver\u0161anas rokas un ier\u012bces:<\/strong> Uztver\u0161anas rokas un ier\u012bces ir elast\u012bgas, regul\u0113jamas iek\u0101rtas, ko izmanto, lai ies\u016bktu da\u013ci\u0146as tie\u0161i to ra\u0161an\u0101s viet\u0101. Tie var b\u016bt apr\u012bkoti ar ies\u016bk\u0161anas sensoriem, lai efekt\u012bvi uztvertu da\u013ci\u0146as, kas rodas sl\u012bp\u0113\u0161anas<\/strong>, sl\u012bp\u0113\u0161anas vai grie\u0161anas laik\u0101<\/strong>. \u0160ie uzga\u013ci un sav\u0101k\u0161anas ier\u012bces \u013cauj prec\u012bzi noteikt un kontrol\u0113t alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda da\u013ci\u0146u ies\u016bk\u0161anu. <\/p>\n\n

      Vakuuma galdi :<\/strong> S\u016bkn\u0113\u0161anas galdi ir darba virsmas, kas apr\u012bkotas ar integr\u0113tu s\u016bkn\u0113\u0161anas sist\u0113mu. Tie uztver da\u013ci\u0146as tie\u0161i uz darba virsmas, nodro\u0161inot t\u012bru darba vidi un samazinot alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda iedarb\u012bbas risku<\/strong>. Vakuuma galdus var izmantot da\u017e\u0101diem lietojumiem, piem\u0113ram, sl\u012bp\u0113\u0161anai, pul\u0113\u0161anai vai urb\u0161anai. <\/p>\n\n

      R\u016bpnieciskie putek\u013cu s\u016bc\u0113ji :<\/strong> R\u016bpnieciskie putek\u013cu s\u016bc\u0113ji ir paredz\u0113ti lielu da\u013ci\u0146u un gru\u017eu s\u016bkn\u0113\u0161anai r\u016bpniecisk\u0101 darba vid\u0113. Tie ir apr\u012bkoti ar specializ\u0113tiem filtriem, kas efekt\u012bvi uztver s\u012bkas da\u013ci\u0146as, tostarp alum\u012bnija oks\u012bdu. R\u016bpnieciskos putek\u013cu s\u016bc\u0113jus var izmantot virsmu, iek\u0101rtu un darba vietu t\u012br\u012b\u0161anai<\/strong>, pal\u012bdzot uztur\u0113t augstu t\u012br\u012bbas l\u012bmeni. <\/p>\n\n

      R\u016bpnieciskie ies\u016bk\u0161anas filtri un cauru\u013cvadi:<\/strong> R\u016bpnieciskie ies\u016bk\u0161anas filtri un cauru\u013cvadi ir b\u016btiskas ies\u016bk\u0161anas sist\u0113mu sast\u0101vda\u013cas. Filtriem ir iz\u0161\u0137iro\u0161a noz\u012bme da\u013ci\u0146u uztver\u0161an\u0101 un aiztur\u0113\u0161an\u0101<\/strong>, savuk\u0101rt cauru\u013cvadus izmanto, lai transport\u0113tu ies\u016bkt\u0101s da\u013ci\u0146as uz kolektoriem vai putek\u013cu sav\u0101c\u0113jiem. Lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu optim\u0101lu s\u016bkn\u0113\u0161anas efektivit\u0101ti, ir svar\u012bgi izmantot augstas kvalit\u0101tes filtrus un pareizi izm\u0113r\u012btus cauru\u013cvadus. <\/p>\n\n

      Ir svar\u012bgi izv\u0113l\u0113ties pareizo ekstrakcijas sist\u0113mas veidu atkar\u012bb\u0101 no konkr\u0113t\u0101<\/strong> lietojuma vajadz\u012bb\u0101m<\/strong> un alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013cu \u012bpa\u0161\u012bb\u0101m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      OberA tikko ir pieg\u0101d\u0101jusi DUSTOMAT 16M putek\u013cu sav\u0101c\u0113ju Eiropas uz\u0146\u0113mumam, kas ir industri\u0101ls apak\u0161uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113js avi\u0101cijas un kosmosa nozar\u0113, kas specializ\u0113jas kompoz\u012btmateri\u0101lu pielieto\u0161an\u0101, lai nov\u0113rstu riskus, kas saist\u012bti ar alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013cu iedarb\u012bbu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":98783,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Riski, kas saist\u012bti ar alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013cu iedarb\u012bbu","_seopress_titles_desc":"OberA ir tikko pieg\u0101d\u0101jusi DUSTOMAT 16M putek\u013cu sav\u0101c\u0113ju k\u0101dam Eiropas uz\u0146\u0113mumam, lai nov\u0113rstu riskus, kas saist\u012bti ar alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda putek\u013cu iedarb\u012bbu.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[132],"tags":[133],"class_list":["post-45709","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-musu-padoms","tag-entete-maza","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","no-featured-image-padding","resize-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45709","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45709"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45709\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":99011,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45709\/revisions\/99011"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/98783"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45709"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45709"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45709"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}