{"id":90256,"date":"2023-03-21T17:03:53","date_gmt":"2023-03-21T15:03:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/nase-rada\/comment-utiliser-la-lie-la-lse-le-domaine-dexplosivite-dune-substance-explosive\/"},"modified":"2025-04-25T10:15:45","modified_gmt":"2025-04-25T08:15:45","slug":"comment-utiliser-la-lie-la-lse-le-domaine-dexplosivite-dune-substance-explosive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/musu-padoms\/comment-utiliser-la-lie-la-lse-le-domaine-dexplosivite-dune-substance-explosive\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u0101 j\u016bs izmantojat: LEL, UEL, spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u0101s vielas spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas diapazonu?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

K\u0101 redz\u0113j\u0101m, LEL un UEL ierobe\u017eo spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas diapazonu<\/strong>, ko veido visas spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u0101s vielas spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u0101s koncentr\u0101cijas atmosf\u0113r\u0101. Lai nov\u0113rt\u0113tu risku, darba dev\u0113js nov\u0113rt\u0113 spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u0101s vielas koncentr\u0101ciju atkar\u012bb\u0101 no izmantot\u0101 daudzuma un sal\u012bdzina to ar spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas robe\u017ev\u0113rt\u012bb\u0101m. K\u0101 prevent\u012bvu pas\u0101kumu vi\u0146\u0161 pie\u013caus sev dro\u0161\u012bbas rezervi, p\u0113c tam at\u0161\u0137aid\u012bs koncentr\u0101ciju vismaz l\u012bdz dro\u0161\u012bbas koncentr\u0101cijai, izmantojot<\/strong> ATEX s\u016bkn\u0113\u0161anas\/filtr\u0113\u0161anas sist\u0113mu<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n

LEL tiek izmantots, lai ATEX risku saist\u012btu ar izmantot\u0101 produkta daudzumu.<\/h2>\n\n

Zem\u0101k\u0101 spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas robe\u017ea<\/strong> ir sal\u012bdzin\u0101ma ar spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstamu vielu koncentr\u0101ciju, kas var veidot ATEX. \u0160\u012bs koncentr\u0101cijas ir atkar\u012bgas no spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstamo vielu emisijas \u0101truma. Tas savuk\u0101rt izriet no produktu daudzuma, kas atrodas p\u0113t\u0101maj\u0101 ekspluat\u0101cijas situ\u0101cij\u0101. Darba dev\u0113js apr\u0113\u0137ina \u0161\u012bs koncentr\u0101cijas da\u017e\u0101diem ATEX veido\u0161an\u0101s scen\u0101rijiem<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n

\"apakšējā<\/figure>\n\n

Teor\u0113tisks piem\u0113rs: ATEX scen\u0101rijs, kas ietver g\u0101zes nopl\u016bdi<\/a> no caurules. Pl\u016bsmas \u0101trums caurul\u0113 ir atkar\u012bgs no uzliesmojo\u0161a produkta emisijas \u0101truma apk\u0101rt\u0113j\u0101 atmosf\u0113r\u0101. T\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101 apr\u0113\u0137ina koncentr\u0101cijas gradientus darba telp\u0101. Koncentr\u0101cijas v\u0113rt\u012bbas tiek novietotas attiec\u012bb\u0101 pret spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstamo diapazonu<\/strong>. Tiek noteikta ATEX riska pak\u0101pe. Tiek nov\u0113rt\u0113ta \u0161\u012b riska past\u0101v\u012bba atkar\u012bb\u0101 no atra\u0161an\u0101s vietas darba telp\u0101. P\u0113c tam tiek noteiktas ATEX zonas. Visbeidzot, tiek piem\u0113roti prevent\u012bvi pas\u0101kumi, piem\u0113ram,uzliesmojo\u0161as g\u0101zes filtr\u0113ta ekstrakcija<\/strong>. Nos\u016bkn\u0113\u0161anas \u0101trums \u0146em v\u0113r\u0101 iesp\u0113jamo uzliesmojo\u0161\u0101s g\u0101zes nopl\u016bdes \u0101trumu. <\/p>\n\n

Piem\u0113rs no dz\u012bves: 2011. gad\u0101 Nogent sur Seine uzspr\u0101ga 1 000m3<\/sup> pap\u012bra tvertne, kas bija piepild\u012bta l\u012bdz 95 %, un g\u0101ja boj\u0101 viens cilv\u0113ks. Cistern\u0101 eso\u0161\u0101 pap\u012bra masa emit\u0113ja \u016bde\u0146radi atmosf\u0113r\u0101. Emisijas \u0101trums uz sausnas masas vien\u012bbu bija 20 dm3<\/sup> stund\u0101 (celulozes sausums 10 %). Ar \u0161\u0101du \u0101trumu LEL tika sasniegta p\u0113c 1,6 stund\u0101m. \u016ade\u0146radis sajauc\u0101s aratmosf\u0113ru tvertn\u0113, veidojot ATEX<\/strong>. P\u0113c \u0161\u012b spr\u0101dziena darba dev\u0113js tvertnes apr\u012bkoja ar vertik\u0101lo ventil\u0101ciju, lai at\u0161\u0137aid\u012btu atmosf\u0113r\u0101 eso\u0161o \u016bde\u0146radi, tikl\u012bdz tas izdal\u012bj\u0101s, atverot tvertnes aug\u0161\u0113jo da\u013cu.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n

Spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas diapazons, LEL un UEL sniedz inform\u0101ciju par ATEX veido\u0161anos un spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas riska pak\u0101pi saist\u012bb\u0101 ar produktu.<\/h2>\n\n

LEL un UEL nor\u0101daspr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas diapazona amplit\u016bdu<\/strong> un spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas apak\u0161\u0113jo un aug\u0161\u0113jo diapazonu (spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstamas vielas nespr\u0101dzienb\u012bstamas koncentr\u0101cijas diapazoni). T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di tie sniedz inform\u0101ciju gan par ATEX aizdeg\u0161an\u0101s un spr\u0101dziena varb\u016bt\u012bbu, gan par ATEX veido\u0161an\u0101s varb\u016bt\u012bbu. <\/p>\n\n

T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di, jo pla\u0161\u0101ks ir spr\u0101gstvielu diapazons<\/strong>, jo \u0161aur\u0101ks ir nespr\u0101gsto\u0161o koncentr\u0101ciju diapazons. T\u0101p\u0113c jo liel\u0101ka ir varb\u016bt\u012bba, ka spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstamas vielas emisija rad\u012bs koncentr\u0101ciju spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u0101 diapazon\u0101<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n

Turkl\u0101t, palielinoties spr\u0101gstvielu koncentr\u0101cijas diapazonam<\/strong>, palielin\u0101s ar\u012b spr\u0101dziena iesp\u0113jam\u012bba. (J\u0101atz\u012bm\u0113, ka spr\u0101dziena riska varb\u016bt\u012bba ir atkar\u012bga no citiem faktoriem, kas saist\u012bti ar atmosf\u0113ru un r\u016bpniecisko vidi). Ja ieteicamais prevent\u012bvais pas\u0101kums <\/strong>ir filtr\u0101cijas ies\u016bkn\u0113\u0161ana,ATEX ies\u016bkn\u0113\u0161anas <\/strong>pl\u016bsmas \u0101trums da\u013c\u0113ji ir atkar\u012bgs no spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstamas vielas koncentr\u0101cijas \u0161aj\u0101 atmosf\u0113r\u0101 (\u0145emiet v\u0113r\u0101, ka spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstamas vielas koncentr\u0101cija nav vien\u012bgais faktors, kas nosaka nepiecie\u0161amo ies\u016bkn\u0113\u0161anas pl\u016bsmas \u0101trumu, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu zonas dro\u0161\u012bbu). <\/p>\n\n

\"piemērošanas<\/figure>\n\n

Piem\u0113ram, \u016bde\u0146ra\u017ea spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas diapazons<\/strong> ir 71 procentpunkts (4 % l\u012bdz 75 % no tilpuma gais\u0101), bet prop\u0101na – 7,8 procentpunkti (2,2 % l\u012bdz 10 % no tilpuma gais\u0101); tas ir aptuveni 10 reizes maz\u0101k. T\u0101tad ar \u016bde\u0146radi ir vair\u0101k iesp\u0113ju saskarties ar spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u0101m situ\u0101cij\u0101m. <\/p>\n\n

Laiks, kas nepiecie\u0161ams ATEX at\u0161\u0137aid\u012b\u0161anai ar s\u016bkn\u0113\u0161anas pal\u012bdz\u012bbu<\/strong>, lai samazin\u0101tu ATEX risku, b\u016bs jo ilg\u0101ks, jo tuv\u0101k spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u0101s <\/strong>vielas koncentr\u0101cija <\/strong>ir spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas diapazona aug\u0161\u0113jai robe\u017eai <\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n

Turkl\u0101t, ja spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas diapazona amplit\u016bda ir vien\u0101da,<\/strong> jo zem\u0101ks ir LEL (vai augst\u0101ks UEL sk\u0101bek\u013ca defic\u012bta atmosf\u0113r\u0101), jo maz\u0101ks ir apak\u0161\u0113jais (vai aug\u0161\u0113jais) spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas diapazons. L\u012bdz ar to jo \u0101tr\u0101ka ir p\u0101reja no nespr\u0101dzienb\u012bstamas koncentr\u0101cijas<\/strong> uz spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstamu koncentr\u0101ciju. T\u0101tad, jo zem\u0101ks ir LEL, jo liel\u0101ks ir ATEX izveido\u0161an\u0101s risks. <\/p>\n\n

\"piemērošanas<\/figure>\n\n

Piem\u0113ram, ja s\u0101kotn\u0113j\u0101 situ\u0101cija ir atmosf\u0113ra bez dego\u0161\u0101m viel\u0101m<\/strong>, tad prop\u0101ns (LEL = 2,2 %) rada liel\u0101ku ATEX veido\u0161an\u0101s risku nek\u0101 \u016bde\u0146radis (LEL = 4,4 %). Ta\u010du aizdeg\u0161an\u0101s un spr\u0101dziena risks ir maz\u0101ks.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n

Liel\u0101kaj\u0101 da\u013c\u0101 darba apst\u0101k\u013cu ir viegl\u0101k uztur\u0113t koncentr\u0101ciju zem LEL<\/strong>. Lai to pan\u0101ktu, parasti veic degtsp\u0113j\u012bgu vielu ies\u016bkn\u0113\u0161anu\/filtr\u0101ciju. Jo zem\u0101ka ir LEL, jo liel\u0101ks ir j\u0101b\u016bt ies\u016bk\u0161anas \u0101trumam<\/strong>, lai vai nu izietu no spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u0101 diapazona, vai samazin\u0101tu spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstamo vielu koncentr\u0101ciju<\/strong>, l\u012bdz viela tiek izvad\u012bta no atmosf\u0113ras. <\/p>\n\n

Da\u017eos r\u016bpnieciskos procesos spr\u0101gstvielas koncentr\u0101cija<\/strong> j\u0101uztur augst\u0101ka par LSE<\/strong>. Piem\u0113ram, t\u012br\u012b\u0161anas procesi, kas saist\u012bti ar iegremd\u0113\u0161anu uzliesmojo\u0161\u0101 \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101j\u0101 sl\u0113gt\u0101 vid\u0113. <\/p>\n\n

Spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas diapazons tiek izmantots, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu dro\u0161\u012bbas rezervi, lai nov\u0113rstu ATEX veido\u0161anos.<\/h2>\n\n

Lai izvair\u012btos no ATEX veido\u0161an\u0101s<\/strong>, g\u0101zes vai tvaiku koncentr\u0101cijai j\u0101b\u016bt \u0101rpus spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u0101 diapazona. Atkar\u012bb\u0101 no apk\u0101rt\u0113j\u0101s vides apst\u0101k\u013ciem spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u0101 atmosf\u0113ra b\u016bs vair\u0101k vai maz\u0101k viendab\u012bga attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz uzliesmojo\u0161iem produktiem<\/strong>. Piem\u0113ram, turbulences rezult\u0101t\u0101 atsevi\u0161\u0137\u0101s zon\u0101s, kas tiek uzskat\u012btas par \u0101rpus ATEX zonas, var rasties spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstama koncentr\u0101cija. <\/p>\n\n

T\u0101p\u0113c, lai nov\u0113rstu ATEX risku, darba dev\u0113js iev\u0113ros dro\u0161\u012bbas rezervi attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u0101m robe\u017ev\u0113rt\u012bb\u0101m<\/strong>. \u0160aj\u0101 jaut\u0101jum\u0101 ATEX noteikumos ir ieteikts darba viet\u0101, kur var\u0113tu veidoties ATEX, noteikt koncentr\u0101ciju vismaz 10 % zem LEL. un zem\u0101ka par 25 % cit\u0101s telp\u0101s. [i]<\/a><\/p>\n\n

\n\n

[i]<\/a> 09\/05\/85 apk\u0101rtraksts par tehniskiem koment\u0101riem, kas attiecas uz 1984. gada 7\/12\/1984. gada dekr\u0113tiemNr. <\/sup>84-1093 un 84-1094 par darba vietu ventil\u0101ciju un sanit\u0101riju.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

K\u0101 redz\u0113j\u0101m, LEL un UEL ierobe\u017eo spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas diapazonu, ko veido visas spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u0101s vielas spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u0101s koncentr\u0101cijas atmosf\u0113r\u0101. Lai nov\u0113rt\u0113tu risku, darba dev\u0113js nov\u0113rt\u0113 spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u0101s vielas koncentr\u0101ciju atkar\u012bb\u0101 no izmantot\u0101 daudzuma un sal\u012bdzina to ar spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas robe\u017ev\u0113rt\u012bb\u0101m. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":90175,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"K\u0101 lietot : LEL, UEL, vielas spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas diapazons","_seopress_titles_desc":"Uzziniet vair\u0101k par apak\u0161\u0113j\u0101s spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas robe\u017eas, aug\u0161\u0113j\u0101s spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas robe\u017eas un spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u0101s vielas spr\u0101dzienb\u012bstam\u012bbas diapazona lietojumu.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[132],"tags":[133],"class_list":["post-90256","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-musu-padoms","tag-entete-maza","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","no-featured-image-padding","resize-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90256","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=90256"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90256\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":90276,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90256\/revisions\/90276"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/90175"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=90256"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=90256"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=90256"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}