{"id":39995,"date":"2024-05-06T12:20:57","date_gmt":"2024-05-06T10:20:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/non-classifiee\/emisiile-de-cov-si-de-praf-pe-sectoare\/"},"modified":"2025-04-15T10:08:48","modified_gmt":"2025-04-15T08:08:48","slug":"emissions-cov-different-secteur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/sfatul-nostru\/emissions-cov-different-secteur\/","title":{"rendered":"Emisiile de COV \u0219i de praf pe sectoare"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Compu\u0219ii organici volatili (COV) \u0219i <strong>praful sunt poluan\u021bi cheie<\/strong> \u00een multe sectoare industriale, cu implica\u021bii asupra mediului \u0219i riscuri pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate. Aceste emisii sunt deosebit de r\u0103sp\u00e2ndite \u00een industriile chimic\u0103, farmaceutic\u0103, auto, lemnului, maselor plastice, vopselelor, acoperirilor \u0219i alimentar\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fiecare <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/sfatul-nostru\/cov-processus-industriels-quelle-strategie-attenuation\/\">proces industrial<\/a>, de la manipularea <strong>materiilor prime p\u00e2n\u0103 la fabricarea final\u0103<\/strong>, contribuie la eliberarea acestor substan\u021be \u00een atmosfer\u0103. Aceste emisii pot fi simultane sau secven\u021biale, \u00een func\u021bie de natura specific\u0103 a opera\u021biunilor industriale \u0219i de materialele utilizate. Emisiile de COV \u0219i de praf sunt adesea \u00eenso\u021bite de mirosuri nepl\u0103cute \u0219i pot prezenta un risc de explozie (ATEX), care necesit\u0103 o gestionare riguroas\u0103 \u0219i m\u0103suri de prevenire adecvate pentru a minimiza<strong> impactul asupra mediului \u0219i s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii<\/strong> publice.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"probleme cu praful\" class=\"wp-image-32132\" style=\"width:350px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Emisiile de COV \u0219i praf \u00een industria chimic\u0103 \u0219i farmaceutic\u0103. Mirosuri \u0219i riscuri ATEX asociate.   <\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce opera\u021biuni emit praf \u0219i COV-uri \u00een industria chimic\u0103?<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u00cen aceste sectoare, o serie de procese industriale emit<strong> COV \u0219i praf<\/strong> simultan sau la intervale scurte. Aceste emisii au loc \u00een timpul deplas\u0103rii, utiliz\u0103rii sau fabric\u0103rii de materiale chimice. Iat\u0103 c\u00e2teva exemple de opera\u021biuni.    <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-pharmaceutique-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"probleme legate de praful farmaceutic\" class=\"wp-image-32160\" style=\"width:350px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-pharmaceutique-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-pharmaceutique-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-pharmaceutique-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-pharmaceutique-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-pharmaceutique.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Opera\u021biuni logistice  <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Desc\u0103rcarea, manipularea \u0219i depozitarea materiilor prime sub form\u0103 de pulbere sau granule elibereaz\u0103 praf. Dac\u0103 aceste<strong> materii prime con\u021bin COV<\/strong>, ele le pot emite \u00een timpul acestor opera\u021biuni.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Opera\u021bii pe materiale<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Amestecarea sau m\u0103cinarea substan\u021belor chimice solide produce particule fine care se transport\u0103 \u00een aer. Dac\u0103 aceste substan\u021be<strong> con\u021bin compu\u0219i organici volatili<\/strong>, COV vor fi emi\u0219i \u00een acela\u0219i timp. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sinteza chimic\u0103<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen timpul sintezei chimice, procesul de reac\u021bie poate produce particule solide, subproduse ale reac\u021biei. \u00cen mod similar, utilizarea de reactivi \u0219i solven\u021bi sau generarea de<strong>efluen\u021bi gazo\u0219i<\/strong> contribuie la emisiile de COV. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Opera\u021biuni de uscare \u0219i \u00eenc\u0103lzire  <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Aceste opera\u021biuni pot genera at\u00e2t<strong> particule, c\u00e2t \u0219i COV<\/strong>, deoarece scopul este adesea evaporarea solven\u021bilor \u0219i ob\u021binerea de produse uscate. Fluxul de gaze legat de evaporarea solven\u021bilor \u0219i mi\u0219carea produselor \u00een timpul usc\u0103rii pot genera particule. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ambalarea produselor care genereaz\u0103 COV \u0219i praf  <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ambalarea \u0219i<strong> condi\u021bionarea produselor chimice <\/strong>sub form\u0103 de pulberi sau granule va genera praf \u0219i COV-uri dac\u0103 aceste produse le con\u021bin.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Deranjamente olfactive asociate cu emisiile de COV \u0219i de praf \u00een industria chimic\u0103<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00cen plus fa\u021b\u0103 de<strong> riscurile asociate prafului \u0219i COV-urilor,<\/strong> unele dintre aceste substan\u021be chimice provoac\u0103 mirosuri nepl\u0103cute. Ace\u0219ti produc\u0103tori de mirosuri nepl\u0103cute includ : <\/p>\n\n<p>Solven\u021bii \u0219i compu\u0219ii organici utiliza\u021bi \u00een diverse procese chimice sau interac\u021biunea lor cu alte substan\u021be chimice emit :<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong> COV aromatici<\/strong>, cum ar fi: toluenul<em>(un miros dulce, \u00een\u021bep\u0103tor, asem\u0103n\u0103tor benzinei<\/em>), xilenul<em>(la fel ca toluenul, dar mai \u00een\u021bep\u0103tor \u0219i mai puternic<\/em>), benzenul<em>(un miros dulce, aromat<\/em>), naftalina<em>(un miros de molie) etc.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>COV-uri oxigenate<\/strong>, cum ar fi acetona<em>(miros<\/em> <em>\u00een\u021bep\u0103tor, fructat, care aminte\u0219te de lac de unghii \u0219i dizolvant<\/em>), alcoolul izopropilic<em>(miros alcoolic de alcool metilic<\/em>), formaldehida<em>(miros \u00een\u021bep\u0103tor, \u00een\u021bep\u0103tor, iritant, chimic<\/em>) acetaldehida<em>(miros \u00een\u021bep\u0103tor, iritant, cu o not\u0103 dulce<\/em>),  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>COV care con\u021bin sulf,<\/strong> cum ar fi mercaptanul<em>(miros de ou stricat),<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>COV azota\u021bi<\/strong> precum piridinele<em> (miros \u00een\u021bep\u0103tor, nepl\u0103cut, medicinal), <\/em>anilina<em> (miros \u00een\u021bep\u0103tor, u\u0219or gre\u021bos) <\/em>\u0219i al\u021bi COV amino<em>(miros \u00een\u021bep\u0103tor, de pe\u0219te, caracteristic aminelor<\/em>).  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Risc ATEX asociat cu emisiile de COV \u0219i praf<\/h2>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p>Majoritatea acestor COV, emise de <strong>substan\u021bele chimice utilizate ca materii prime<\/strong>, reactivi, solven\u021bi, intermediari, subproduse de sintez\u0103 chimic\u0103 sau subproduse de reac\u021bie, prezint\u0103 un risc ATEX. Acest risc ATEX rezult\u0103 din opera\u021biuni precum cele descrise mai sus. Contextul opera\u021bional va fi luat \u00een <strong>considerare de produc\u0103tor<\/strong> la alegerea echipamentului.    <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/atex-100x100-2.png\" alt=\"atex 100x100 2\" class=\"wp-image-26553\" style=\"width:98px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Concluzie<\/h3>\n\n<p>Prevenirea <strong>emisiilor comune de COV \u0219i de praf<\/strong> implic\u0103 instalarea de echipamente care combin\u0103 filtrarea fiec\u0103rui tip de poluant sau, dac\u0103 emisiile sunt separate \u00een acela\u0219i atelier, o <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/produits\/traitement-cov\/filtre-anti-poussiere-epur010-b-ca\/\">combina\u021bie de echipamente specializate \u00een filtrarea COV <\/a>sau a prafului.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Emisiile de praf \u0219i COV \u00een industria auto. Mirosurile \u0219i riscurile ATEX aferente.   <\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce opera\u021biuni emit COV \u0219i praf \u00een industria auto?  <\/h3>\n\n<p>Mai multe opera\u021biuni, situate \u00een acela\u0219i <strong>volum de produc\u021bie<\/strong>, pot emite particule \u0219i compu\u0219i organici volatili simultan sau succesiv. Iat\u0103 c\u00e2teva exemple de astfel de opera\u021biuni. <\/p>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Opera\u021biuni de vopsire \u0219i acoperire<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Opera\u021biunile de vopsire \u0219i acoperire<\/strong> necesit\u0103 utilizarea de solven\u021bi pentru diluarea vopselelor sau cur\u0103\u021barea pieselor, sau utilizarea de vopsele care con\u021bin solven\u021bi. Solven\u021bii emit COV. \u0218lefuirea \u0219i \u0219lefuirea suprafe\u021belor vopsite emit particule de vopsea care se amestec\u0103 cu COV.    <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Sudare \u0219i t\u0103iere.<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Opera\u021biunile de sudare \u0219i de t\u0103iere<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/conseils\/rafraichissement-air-evaporation-production-automobile\/\">din cadrul produc\u021biei de automobile<\/a> produc particule metalice fine care se disperseaz\u0103 \u00een aer. \u00cen timpul acestor opera\u021biuni, COV pot fi degajate din acoperiri de suprafa\u021b\u0103 sau lubrifian\u021bi utiliza\u021bi pe piesele metalice. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Opera\u021bii de prelucrare a metalelor  <\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Opera\u021biunile asupra pieselor metalice, cum ar fi \u0219lefuirea, \u0219lefuirea sau strunjirea, duc la<strong>emisia de particule metalice<\/strong>. \u00cen plus, aceste opera\u021biuni implic\u0103 adesea utilizarea de lubrifian\u021bi sau solven\u021bi, ceea ce duce la emisii de COV. \u00cempreun\u0103, acestea pot forma un amestec de COV \u0219i praf metalic \u00een aer.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Asamblarea componentelor  <\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Asamblarea componentelor metalice sau din plastic poate implica utilizarea de adezivi, lubrifian\u021bi sau solven\u021bi care emit COV. \u00cen plus, opera\u021biunile de asamblare implic\u0103 adesea g\u0103urirea, \u0219lefuirea sau lustruirea componentelor, care pot<strong> genera praf de metal<\/strong> sau particule de plastic. Proximitatea sau amestecul acestor opera\u021biuni conduce la o atmosfer\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103rcat\u0103 cu COV \u0219i praf.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Fabricarea de piese auto din plastic<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Procesele de fabricare a pieselor din plastic pot genera COV din r\u0103\u0219ini din plastic, aditivi sau agen\u021bi de dezmembrare. \u00cen plus, <strong>opera\u021biunile de finisare<\/strong>, t\u0103iere \u0219i \u0219lefuire a pieselor din plastic pot produce, de asemenea, particule de praf.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-d509080c\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"731\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-d509080c\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/peinture-aerosol-voiture-1024x731.jpg\" alt=\"Vopsea aerosol ro\u0219ie pulverizat\u0103 pe caroseria unei ma\u0219ini\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/peinture-aerosol-voiture-1024x731.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/peinture-aerosol-voiture-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/peinture-aerosol-voiture-768x549.jpg 768w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/peinture-aerosol-voiture-1536x1097.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/peinture-aerosol-voiture-2048x1463.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-523e22e1\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-523e22e1\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/soudure-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"O persoan\u0103 care sudeaz\u0103 metale\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/soudure-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/soudure-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/soudure-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/soudure-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/soudure-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mirosuri emise de COV \u0219i praf \u00een industria auto.<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>Solven\u021bii \u0219i diluan\u021bii<\/strong> utiliza\u021bi \u00een timpul opera\u021biunilor de vopsire \u0219i acoperire eman\u0103 mirosuri caracteristice: mirosuri fructate dulci (toluen, xilen), mirosuri fructate \u0219i \u00een\u021bep\u0103toare (aceton\u0103, alcool izopropilic, alcool butilic), mirosuri fructate \u0219i florale (esteri).<\/p>\n\n<p>Un miros de ars sau de fum poate fi eliberat \u00een cazul \u00een care sudarea sau t\u0103ierea arde o acoperire de suprafa\u021b\u0103 sau un lubrifiant. \u00cen plus, o <strong>varietate de mirosuri chimice <\/strong>pot fi emise <strong>de COV <\/strong>exala\u021bi de vopsele, acoperiri anticorozive \u0219i lubrifian\u021bi atunci c\u00e2nd se \u00eenc\u0103lzesc \u00een timpul acestor opera\u021biuni. \u00cen plus, opera\u021biunile de sudare pot genera ozon, cu mirosul s\u0103u \u00een\u021bep\u0103tor caracteristic, atunci c\u00e2nd sunt utilizate sudori cu arc electric.    <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00cen timpul opera\u021biunilor de prelucrare a pieselor metalice, frecarea dintre unealt\u0103 \u0219i metal duce uneori la supra\u00eenc\u0103lzire, provoc\u00e2nd mirosuri metalice sau de arsur\u0103. Lubrifian\u021bii utiliza\u021bi emit, de asemenea, mirosuri distincte. Acestea vor fi <strong>identificate de lucr\u0103tor ca fiind grase<\/strong>, pe baz\u0103 de petrol sau chimice, \u00een func\u021bie de tipul de lubrifiant utilizat.    <\/p>\n\n<p>COV-urile eliberate de adezivi, lubrifian\u021bi \u0219i solven\u021bi \u00een timpul opera\u021biunilor de asamblare eman\u0103 o varietate de mirosuri chimice, cum ar fi dulce, \u00een\u021bep\u0103tor sau p\u0103m\u00e2ntesc, \u00een func\u021bie de compozi\u021bia lor. Opera\u021biunile complementare de g\u0103urire, \u0219lefuire sau lustruire, dac\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103lzesc materialele, <strong>genereaz\u0103 mirosuri de fum sau ars<\/strong>. Descompunerea termic\u0103 sau chimic\u0103 a materialelor \u00een timpul opera\u021biunilor de asamblare produce mirosuri specifice legate de subprodusele formate.    <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00cen timpul fabric\u0103rii pieselor auto din plastic, disconfortul olfactiv rezult\u0103 din combina\u021bia de mirosuri chimice de la r\u0103\u0219ini, solven\u021bi \u0219i aditivi. Deseori se adaug\u0103 mirosurile de praf provenite de la finisarea suprafe\u021belor. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Riscul ATEX generat de pulberi \u0219i COV-uri \u00een industria auto<\/h3>\n\n<p>COV \u0219i prezen\u021ba particulelor emise \u00een timpul opera\u021biunilor de vopsire \u0219i acoperire pot produce un ATEX.<strong> Sursele posibile de aprindere<\/strong> includ sc\u00e2ntei, de exemplu la \u0219lefuirea sau \u0219lefuirea suprafe\u021belor vopsite, prezen\u021ba suprafe\u021belor fierbin\u021bi, echipamente electrice care nu respect\u0103 standardele ATEX etc. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00cen opera\u021biunile de sudare \u0219i t\u0103iere, COV-urile eliberate prin vaporizarea acoperirilor de suprafa\u021b\u0103 sau prin proiec\u021bia aerosolilor de lubrifian\u021bi, precum \u0219i dispersia particulelor metalice vor contribui la formarea unui ATEX.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Opera\u021biile asupra pieselor metalice<\/strong> produc o combina\u021bie de particule metalice \u00een suspensie \u0219i COV inflamabili \u00een aer, care vor forma un amestec exploziv dac\u0103 concentra\u021biile acestor substan\u021be ating limitele explozive. Acestea produc sc\u00e2ntei sau c\u0103ldur\u0103 din cauza frec\u0103rii dintre unealt\u0103 \u0219i piesa metalic\u0103. Aceste sc\u00e2ntei sau c\u0103ldur\u0103 pot aprinde amestecurile de COV \u0219i praf metalic, declan\u0219\u00e2nd o explozie.  <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00cen timpul opera\u021biunilor de asamblare, COV emi\u0219i pot forma <strong>amestecuri explozive cu aerul.<\/strong> \u00cen mod similar, particulele fine produse \u00een timpul g\u0103uririi, \u0219lefuirii sau lustruirii componentelor sau a altor opera\u021biuni intr\u0103 \u00een suspensie. Acestea cresc riscul ATEX prin furnizarea de suprafe\u021be de contact suplimentare pentru combustie.<strong> Riscul ATEX<\/strong> se poate manifesta prin incendii sau explozii.  <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00cen fabricarea pieselor auto din plastic, prezen\u021ba COV \u0219i a prafului \u00een suspensie \u00een atelier creeaz\u0103 un risc ATEX prin formarea unui amestec gazos exploziv. Echipamentele \u0219i uneltele utilizate \u00een timpul acestor opera\u021biuni pot fi o surs\u0103 de aprindere, aprinz\u00e2nd amestecul.   <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Emisiile de COV \u0219i de praf \u00een industria lemnului. Disconfortul olfactiv \u0219i riscul ATEX asociat. <\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce opera\u021biuni emit praf \u0219i COV-uri \u00een industria lemnului?<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u00cen industria lemnului, mai multe procese pot emite particule de praf \u0219i <strong>compu\u0219i organici volatili (COV<\/strong> ) simultan sau \u00een str\u00e2ns\u0103 succesiune, duc\u00e2nd la o atmosfer\u0103 ambiental\u0103 care con\u021bine at\u00e2t praf, c\u00e2t \u0219i COV. Iat\u0103 c\u00e2teva exemple ale acestor opera\u021biuni.   <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-9c3e82c9\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-9c3e82c9\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/poussiere-de-bois-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"T\u0103ierea lemnului care emite praf\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/poussiere-de-bois-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/poussiere-de-bois-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/poussiere-de-bois-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/poussiere-de-bois-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/poussiere-de-bois-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>\u0218lefuirea \u0219i t\u0103ierea lemnului<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Opera\u021biunile de <strong>t\u0103iere<\/strong> cu fer\u0103str\u0103ul \u0219i <strong>de t\u0103iere disperseaz\u0103 particule de praf \u00een aer<\/strong>. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, se pot elibera COV-uri dac\u0103 lemnul a fost tratat anterior cu substan\u021be chimice sau solven\u021bi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>\u0218lefuire \u0219i finisare  <\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0218lefuirea <strong>lemnului genereaz\u0103 praf fin <\/strong>care este dispersat \u00een aer. Opera\u021biunile de finisare, cum ar fi aplicarea lacului, a lacului sau a vopselei pe lemn, pot emite COV de la solven\u021bii utiliza\u021bi \u00een aceste produse de finisare. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Lipirea \u0219i asamblarea pieselor din lemn<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Aceste opera\u021biuni utilizeaz\u0103 adesea cleiuri sau adezivi care con\u021bin solven\u021bi care emit COV. Particulele de praf pot fi, de asemenea, generate \u00een timpul acestor opera\u021biuni, \u00een special dac\u0103<strong> piesele trebuie s\u0103 fie ajustate<\/strong> sau prelucrate \u00een timpul asambl\u0103rii. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Uscarea industrial\u0103 a lemnului<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Uscarea lemnului \u00een cuptoare poate elibera COV, \u00een special dac\u0103 lemnul con\u021bine r\u0103\u0219ini naturale sau umiditate care le evapor\u0103. \u00cen timpul usc\u0103rii, <strong>praful de lemn<\/strong> poate fi, de asemenea, emis \u00een aer. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Deranjamente olfactive asociate cu praful \u0219i COV-urile din industria lemnului<\/h3>\n\n<p>Mirosurile de lemn provin din COV elibera\u021bi de particulele de praf rezultate din t\u0103ierea, \u0219lefuirea \u0219i asamblarea lemnului sau din evaporarea umidit\u0103\u021bii \u00een timpul procesului industrial de uscare. Aceste mirosuri variaz\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de specia utilizat\u0103. Omul le percepe ca fiind naturale, r\u0103\u0219inoase, dulci \u0219i u\u0219or afumate. Cu toate acestea, dac\u0103 lemnul este tratat, <strong>disconfortul olfactiv <\/strong>provine de la mirosurile chimice emise de praf. Acestea vor fi percepute ca fiind puternice \u0219i nepl\u0103cute, \u00een func\u021bie de substan\u021ba chimic\u0103 utilizat\u0103.      <\/p>\n\n<p>Mirosurile chimice eman\u0103 \u00een principal din solven\u021bii utiliza\u021bi \u00een timpul aplic\u0103rii vopselelor, lacurilor, lacurilor de finisare, cleiurilor sau adezivilor de asamblare \u0219i persist\u0103 \u00een timpul usc\u0103rii. Unele dintre mirosurile eliberate sunt<strong> nepl\u0103cute deoarece sunt percepute ca fiind \u00een\u021bep\u0103toare<\/strong>, picante, chimice, medicinale, astringente, alcoolice etc. Nepl\u0103cerile olfactive variaz\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de concentra\u021bia de COV din aer.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Risc ATEX asociat cu pulberile \u0219i COV-urile din industria lemnului<\/h3>\n\n<p>Combinarea \u00een aer a prafului de lemn \u0219i a COV-urilor provenite de la substan\u021bele chimice utilizate \u00een diferitele opera\u021biuni de prelucrare a lemnului<strong> creeaz\u0103 un mediu poten\u021bial exploziv.<\/strong> Amestecul inflamabil poate \u00eent\u00e2lni mai multe surse de aprindere \u00een timpul prelucr\u0103rii lemnului. Opera\u021biunile care implic\u0103 frecare \u00eentre materialul lemnos \u0219i o unealt\u0103 pot genera c\u0103ldur\u0103. Uneltele utilizate \u0219i echipamentele electrice pot emite sc\u00e2ntei. Riscul ATEX se manifest\u0103 prin posibilitatea de explozii sau incendii atunci c\u00e2nd amestecurile de praf \u0219i COV sunt aprinse de o surs\u0103 de aprindere.   <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Emisiile de praf \u0219i COV \u00een industria maselor plastice. Deranjamente olfactive \u0219i risc ATEX. <\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce opera\u021biuni emit COV \u0219i praf \u00een industria maselor plastice?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Iat\u0103 c\u00e2teva exemple de opera\u021biuni care pot<strong> emite particule<\/strong> de praf \u0219i compu\u0219i organici volatili (COV)<strong> simultan<\/strong> sau la interval de c\u00e2teva minute. Atunci c\u00e2nd nu sunt luate m\u0103suri preventive, acestea conduc la o atmosfer\u0103 care combin\u0103 COV \u0219i praf. <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Turnare prin injec\u021bie<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Principalii polimeri utiliza\u021bi \u00een acest proces sunt poliolefinele (PE \u0219i PP), poliamidele (PA) \u0219i polietilen tereftalatul (PET). Procesul implic\u0103 <strong>\u00eenc\u0103lzirea r\u0103\u0219inilor plastice<\/strong>, care elibereaz\u0103 COV. \u00cen mod similar, aditivii \u0219i agen\u021bii de dezmembrare pot elibera COV atunci c\u00e2nd sunt \u00eenc\u0103lzi\u021bi. Opera\u021biile de t\u0103iere sau de finisare a pieselor turnate pot genera particule de praf de plastic.     <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Extrudare plastic<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Extrusionarea presupune \u00eenc\u0103lzirea \u0219i modelarea<strong> r\u0103\u0219inilor plastice pentru a le transforma \u00een filme<\/strong>, tuburi sau alte forme. Extrusionarea utilizeaz\u0103 polimeri precum polietilena (PE), polipropilena (PP), clorura de polivinil (PVC), polietilen tereftalat (PET) \u0219i polistiren (PS). Emisiile de COV provin din r\u0103\u0219ina \u00eenc\u0103lzit\u0103 sau din aditivi. Opera\u021biile de t\u0103iere a produselor extrudate pot genera praf.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Termoformare<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Termoformarea presupune \u00eenc\u0103lzirea unei foi de plastic pentru a o face flexibil\u0103 \u0219i apoi modelarea ei \u00een forma dorit\u0103. Polimerii cel mai frecvent utiliza\u021bi sunt polistirenul (PS), polietilena (PE), polipropilena (PP), policarbonatul (PC), <strong>acrilonitril butadien stiren<\/strong> (ABS), policlorura de vinil (PVC), polimetil metacrilatul (PMMA) \u0219i polistirenul de impact (SB). COV sunt adesea disipate \u00een timpul \u00eenc\u0103lzirii plasticului, \u00een special dac\u0103 folia con\u021bine aditivi. T\u0103ierea sau finisarea produselor termoformate poate produce particule de praf de plastic.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>T\u0103iere \u0219i polizare<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>La t\u0103ierea sau <strong>lustruirea pieselor din plastic<\/strong>, contactul dintre unealt\u0103 \u0219i materialul plastic disperseaz\u0103 particule fine de praf. Dac\u0103 piesele din plastic au fost tratate cu solven\u021bi sau adezivi, \u00een timpul acestor opera\u021biuni vor fi emise COV-uri. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Tratarea suprafe\u021bei<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Opera\u021biunile de tratare a suprafe\u021belor, cum ar fi<strong>aplicarea de vopsele<\/strong>, lacuri sau acoperiri pe piese din plastic, elibereaz\u0103 COV din solven\u021bii utiliza\u021bi sau con\u021binu\u021bi \u00een produse. Particulele de praf sunt eliberate \u00een aer atunci c\u00e2nd suprafa\u021ba este \u0219lefuit\u0103 sau preg\u0103tit\u0103 \u00eenainte de tratare. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Asamblare \u0219i lipire<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Opera\u021biunile de<strong>asamblare a pieselor din plastic<\/strong> utilizeaz\u0103 cleiuri sau adezivi cu un poten\u021bial de eliberare de COV. T\u0103ierea sau preg\u0103tirea pieselor \u00een timpul asambl\u0103rii poate genera particule de praf de plastic. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Imprimare 3D folosind materiale plastice<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Fabricarea prin imprimare 3D de piese industriale, <strong>modele \u0219i prototipuri<\/strong> sau alte produse, folosind acrilonitril butadien stiren (ABS), emite aerosoli care con\u021bin compu\u0219i organici volatili (COV). Ace\u0219tia includ nitrili (acrilonitril, etc.), hidrocarburi alifatice (butadien\u0103, etc.), hidrocarburi aromatice (stiren, etc.) \u0219i aldehide (formaldehid\u0103, etc.). <strong>Opera\u021biile de debavurare \u0219i \u0219lefuire <\/strong>pentru finisarea pieselor imprimate emit praf.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"514\" height=\"344\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/plastique.png\" alt=\"M&#x103;rgele de plastic v&#x103;rsate\" class=\"wp-image-35655\" style=\"width:364px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/plastique.png 514w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/plastique-300x201.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 514px) 100vw, 514px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Deranjamente olfactive legate de emisiile de COV \u0219i praf \u00een industria maselor plastice<\/h4>\n\n<p>\u00cen timpul opera\u021biunilor de turnare prin injec\u021bie, extrudare \u0219i termoformare, mirosurile provin din COV emi\u0219i prin \u00eenc\u0103lzirea r\u0103\u0219inilor plastice, a aditivilor (stabilizatori, plastifian\u021bi, antioxidan\u021bi) \u0219i a agen\u021bilor de dezmembrare. <strong>\u00cen general, mirosurile sunt descrise<\/strong> ca fiind de plastic, chimice sau de solvent. Unele mirosuri pot fi mai puternice \u0219i mai pronun\u021bate, \u00een special atunci c\u00e2nd temperaturile sunt ridicate.    <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00cen plus, mirosurile asociate cu aplicarea vopselelor, lacurilor sau acoperirilor pe piesele din plastic sau legate de opera\u021biunile de asamblare <strong>care utilizeaz\u0103 cleiuri \u0219i adezivi<\/strong> provin \u00een principal din COV-urile solven\u021bilor prezen\u021bi \u00een formularea acestora. Acestea sunt adesea descrise ca fiind puternice, \u00een\u021bep\u0103toare sau chimice, \u00een func\u021bie de solven\u021bii utiliza\u021bi.   <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00cen mod similar, mirosurile de COV din timpul t\u0103ierii \u0219i lustruirii provin de la produsele chimice, cum ar fi solven\u021bii, cleiurile etc., <strong>utilizate \u00een timpul pretrat\u0103rii<\/strong>. Aceste mirosuri variaz\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de substan\u021bele prezente. La imprimarea 3D, descompunerea materialului \u0219i a aditivilor pe care \u00eei con\u021bine elibereaz\u0103 diverse COV, rezult\u00e2nd o varietate de mirosuri care variaz\u0103 de la acru, \u00een\u021bep\u0103tor \u0219i iritant la dulce, zaharos \u0219i aromat.  <\/p>\n\n<p>De\u0219i particulele de praf \u00een sine eman\u0103 un miros redus, acestea pot transporta COV prezen\u021bi \u00een aer. \u00cen plus,<strong> particulele fine generate<\/strong> de opera\u021biunile de t\u0103iere pot fi calcinate sau \u00eenc\u0103lzite \u00een timpul procesului. Acestea contribuie apoi la difuzarea mirosurilor descrise ca plastic ars sau, uneori, chimice. Mirosurile asociate cu praful pot proveni, de asemenea, de la produsele de preg\u0103tire \u0219i tratare a suprafe\u021belor impregnate \u00een plastic.   <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Risc ATEX legat de eliberarea de COV \u0219i praf \u00een industria maselor plastice<\/h3>\n\n<p>Mecanismele care<strong> provoac\u0103 o atmosfer\u0103 exploziv\u0103<\/strong> sunt :  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>emisia de COV inflamabili fie \u00een timpul \u00eenc\u0103lzirii r\u0103\u0219inilor \u0219i aditivilor, fie prin solven\u021bii con\u021binu\u021bi \u00een diferitele produse de tratare;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>generarea de praf fin<\/strong> \u00een timpul opera\u021biunilor de t\u0103iere sau finisare, \u0219lefuire sau preg\u0103tire a suprafe\u021belor.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Concentra\u021bia de COV \u0219i de particule \u00een aer poate crea o atmosfer\u0103 exploziv\u0103. Unele opera\u021biuni<strong> pot genera c\u0103ldur\u0103 sau sc\u00e2ntei<\/strong>, \u00een special prin frecare sau contact electric. Aceste surse de aprindere pot aprinde COV-urile sau particulele de praf suspendate \u00een aer, provoc\u00e2nd o explozie.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pulberi \u0219i COV emi\u0219i \u00een industria vopselelor \u0219i a acoperirilor. Mirosuri \u0219i riscuri ATEX induse.   <\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce opera\u021biuni emit COV \u0219i praf \u00een industria vopselelor \u0219i a acoperirilor?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Iat\u0103 c\u00e2teva exemple de opera\u021biuni  <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-peinture-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"probleme cu praful de vopsea\" class=\"wp-image-32224\" style=\"width:350px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-peinture-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-peinture-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-peinture-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-peinture-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-peinture.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Fabricarea de vopsele \u0219i acoperiri<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>La fabricarea vopselelor \u0219i a acoperirilor, amestecarea<strong> \u0219i m\u0103cinarea<\/strong> pigmen\u021bilor \u0219i<strong> a<\/strong> r\u0103\u0219inilor pot genera particule de praf. Solven\u021bii utiliza\u021bi \u00een formularea vopselelor pot emite COV \u00een timpul procesului de amestecare. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Preg\u0103tirea suprafe\u021bei care urmeaz\u0103 s\u0103 fie vopsit\u0103<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Opera\u021biunile de sablare sau de sablare pentru <strong>preg\u0103tirea unei suprafe\u021be produc praf<\/strong>. Solven\u021bii utiliza\u021bi pentru cur\u0103\u021barea sau degresarea suprafe\u021belor \u00eenainte de aplicarea vopselei pot emite COV.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Aplicarea de vopsele \u0219i acoperiri<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Opera\u021biunile de aplicare a vopselelor \u0219i a acoperirilor, \u00een special prin pulverizare (lichid sau pulbere electrostatic\u0103), pot emite<strong> aerosoli de vopsea, precum \u0219i COV<\/strong> de la solven\u021bii utiliza\u021bi \u00een vopsele. Opera\u021biunile de uscare dup\u0103 aplicarea vopselei pot elibera, de asemenea, COV pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce solven\u021bii se evapor\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>\u0218lefuire \u0219i lustruire<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0218lefuirea sau lustruirea suprafe\u021belor vopsite sau acoperite genereaz\u0103 praf. Deoarece aceste opera\u021biuni sunt efectuate dup\u0103 aplicarea vopselei sau a acoperirii, ele disperseaz\u0103 \u00een aer<strong> praf care con\u021bine COV<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Reciclarea \u0219i tratarea de\u0219eurilor<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Opera\u021biunile de reciclare sau tratare a de\u0219eurilor de vopsea pot elibera particule de praf. Solven\u021bii<strong> reziduali<\/strong> sau<strong> substan\u021bele chimice pot elibera COV<\/strong> \u00een timpul acestor opera\u021biuni. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Deranjamente olfactive legate de emisiile de COV \u0219i de praf \u00een industria acoperirilor<\/h3>\n\n<p>Mirosurile provin \u00een principal din COV-urile prezente \u00een solven\u021bii utiliza\u021bi pentru formularea vopselei, preg\u0103tirea suprafe\u021belor \u0219i<strong> diluarea vopselei \u00eenainte de aplicare<\/strong>. Ace\u0219ti solven\u021bi emit COV de hidrocarburi alifatice sau aromatice, alcooli, esteri \u0219i al\u021bi compu\u0219i organici volatili. Ace\u0219tia eman\u0103 adesea mirosuri puternice. Unele pot fi descrise ca chimice, picante sau \u00een\u021bep\u0103toare, altele ca dulci. Mirosurile specifice depind de solven\u021bii utiliza\u021bi \u00een formularea vopselei.    <\/p>\n\n<p><strong> Amestecarea \u0219i m\u0103cinarea pigmen\u021bilor<\/strong> \u0219i<strong> a<\/strong> r\u0103\u0219inilor elibereaz\u0103 particule de praf \u00een aer, care pot degaja mirosuri caracteristice \u00een func\u021bie de compozi\u021bia materialului utilizat. Unele mirosuri sunt mai bl\u00e2nde sau neutre, \u00een timp ce altele sunt mai r\u0103\u0219inoase sau minerale.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Particulele de vopsea pulverizate \u00een timpul aplic\u0103rii degaj\u0103, de asemenea, mirosuri prin intermediul COV.<strong> Acoperirile uscate elibereaz\u0103, de asemenea, COV \u0219i, prin urmare, mirosuri<\/strong>. Acela\u0219i lucru este valabil \u0219i pentru suspensia de praf de vopsea care con\u021bine COV \u00een timpul opera\u021biunilor de \u0219lefuire \u0219i lustruire.    <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Risc ATEX legat de eliberarea de COV \u0219i praf \u00een industria acoperirilor<\/h3>\n\n<p>Solven\u021bii utiliza\u021bi \u00een formularea vopselelor elibereaz\u0103 COV-uri \u00een timpul proceselor de amestecare, aplicare, uscare etc. Aceste COV-uri vor forma o atmosfer\u0103 exploziv\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd sunt amestecate cu aerul \u00een concentra\u021bii corecte. Aceste COV vor forma o atmosfer\u0103 exploziv\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd sunt amestecate cu aerul \u00een concentra\u021bii adecvate.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Opera\u021biunile de amestecare \u0219i<strong> m\u0103cinare a pigmen\u021bilor<\/strong> \u0219i r\u0103\u0219inilor, preg\u0103tirea suprafe\u021belor, \u0219lefuirea, lustruirea etc. disperseaz\u0103 \u00een aer particule fine de praf, care pot crea o atmosfer\u0103 poten\u021bial exploziv\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<p>Amestecul de COV \u0219i praf creeaz\u0103 un risc ATEX. \u00cen timpul activit\u0103\u021bii pot ap\u0103rea <strong>surse de aprindere<\/strong>, cum ar fi desc\u0103rcarea electrostatic\u0103, \u00eenc\u0103lzirea etc. Acest lucru poate duce la incendiu sau explozie.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Emisiile de COV \u0219i de praf \u00een industria alimentar\u0103. Nepl\u0103cerile cauzate de mirosuri \u0219i riscurile ATEX aferente.   <\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce opera\u021biuni emit praf \u0219i COV-uri \u00een industria alimentar\u0103?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Iat\u0103 c\u00e2teva exemple de activit\u0103\u021bi care emit COV \u0219i particule \u00eentr-o fabric\u0103 de prelucrare a alimentelor.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Primirea, manipularea \u0219i depozitarea materiilor prime agricole<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Mi\u0219carea <strong>anumitor materii prime<\/strong>, cum ar fi cerealele sau condimentele, \u00eempr\u0103\u0219tie praf. Materiile prime tratate cu substan\u021be chimice (de exemplu, pesticide pentru protejarea stocurilor, conservan\u021bi) vor emite COV \u00een timpul manipul\u0103rii. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>M\u0103cinarea \u0219i m\u0103cinarea materiilor prime agricole<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Aceste opera\u021biuni asupra cerealelor<strong> sau a altor materii prime<\/strong> disperseaz\u0103 praf organic. \u00cen cazul \u00een care materiile prime con\u021bin agen\u021bi chimici de tratare sau conservare, vor fi emise COV. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>G\u0103tirea \u0219i tratarea termic\u0103 a alimentelor<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Aceste opera\u021biuni r\u0103sp\u00e2ndesc COV de la <strong>ingredientele \u00eenc\u0103lzite<\/strong> (de exemplu, uleiuri, condimente) sau aditivii utiliza\u021bi \u00een formul\u0103ri. Opera\u021biunile de m\u0103cinare sau de amestecare dup\u0103 g\u0103tire pot genera particule de praf.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Ambalarea \u0219i ambalarea produselor alimentare<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Aceste opera\u021biuni elibereaz\u0103 \u00een aer particule din<strong>ambalaje sau din produsele alimentare \u00een sine<\/strong>. Emisiile de COV provin de la adezivii, cernelurile de imprimare sau substan\u021bele chimice (conservan\u021bi, antimicrobieni) utilizate \u00een aceste opera\u021biuni.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Cur\u0103\u021bare \u0219i dezinfec\u021bie  <\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Aceste opera\u021biuni utilizeaz\u0103 substan\u021be chimice care degaj\u0103 adesea COV. \u00cen plus, cur\u0103\u021barea reziduurilor alimentare poate genera particule fine. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-agroalimentaire-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"probleme legate de praf &#xEE;n industria alimentar&#x103;\" class=\"wp-image-32248\" style=\"width:350px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-agroalimentaire-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-agroalimentaire-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-agroalimentaire-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-agroalimentaire-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/problematique-de-poussiere-agroalimentaire.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Deranjamente olfactive cauzate de COV \u0219i praf \u00een industria alimentar\u0103.<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>Materiile prime agricole<\/strong> tratate cu pesticide sau conservan\u021bi vor emite mirosuri datorit\u0103 eliber\u0103rii de COV.  <\/p>\n\n<p>Mirosurile acestor<strong>compu\u0219i pot fi \u00een\u021bep\u0103toare<\/strong>, chimice sau nepl\u0103cute. \u00cen mod similar, materiile prime agricole eman\u0103 mirosuri nepl\u0103cute de fermentare sau de descompunere dac\u0103 sunt depozitate pe perioade lungi sau \u00een condi\u021bii neadecvate. Anumite COV subproduse ale descompunerii termice a produselor alimentare \u0219i a aditivilor (arome artificiale, conservan\u021bi \u00een timpul g\u0103titului) pot emite mirosuri de g\u0103tit considerate nepl\u0103cute de c\u0103tre lucr\u0103tori. \u00cen sf\u00e2r\u0219it, \u00een timpul <strong>opera\u021biunilor de ambalare \u0219i \u00eempachetare, COV<\/strong> din adezivi, cerneluri de tip\u0103rire sau produse chimice pot emite mirosuri chimice \u00een\u021bep\u0103toare sau puternice.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Praful provenit din transferul de materii prime tratate cu pesticide sau conservan\u021bi poate <strong>emana un miros chimic sau \u00een\u021bep\u0103tor<\/strong>. Opera\u021biunile de m\u0103cinare sau m\u0103cinare pot accentua acest fenomen. Particulele de praf dispersate \u00een timpul manipul\u0103rii materialelor de ambalare sau a produselor alimentare produc un amestec mirositor care poate fi considerat nepl\u0103cut de c\u0103tre angaja\u021bi.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Riscul ATEX reprezentat de COV \u0219i pulberi \u00een industria alimentar\u0103<\/h3>\n\n<p>Materiile prime alimentare sunt manipulate sau depozitate \u00een vrac. Acestea sunt transferate \u00een mase mari,<strong> suspend\u00e2nd praf fin combustibil<\/strong>. Riscul ATEX provine din mi\u0219carea acestor mase mari, care produce desc\u0103rc\u0103ri electrostatice, o surs\u0103 de aprindere pentru norul de praf. Pesticidele sau conservan\u021bii utiliza\u021bi pentru tratarea acestor produse \u00een depozit emit COV, care sunt adesea inflamabili. Acest lucru cre\u0219te riscul ATEX.    <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00cen mod similar, m\u0103cinarea \u0219i m\u0103cinarea cerealelor uscate \u00eempr\u0103\u0219tie praf fin \u0219i uscat care <strong>se aprinde u\u0219or<\/strong>. COV din conservan\u021bi elibereaz\u0103 COV la fel de inflamabili care contribuie la crearea unei atmosfere explozive.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Acela\u0219i lucru este valabil \u0219i pentru COV-urile de g\u0103tit care, dac\u0103 sunt <strong>prezente \u00een concentra\u021bie suficient\u0103 \u00een aer<\/strong>, vor forma o atmosfer\u0103 exploziv\u0103. Fine\u021bea particulelor emise prin m\u0103cinare sau amestecare dup\u0103 ardere creeaz\u0103, de asemenea, un risc de explozie. Toate acestea se adaug\u0103 la riscul ATEX.  <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00cen mod similar, particulele de praf dispersate \u00een aer de la produsele alimentare sau materialele de ambalare, precum \u0219i COV emi\u0219i de adezivi, cerneluri \u0219i alte produse chimice contribuie la crearea unei atmosfere explozive. Dac\u0103 concentra\u021bia de <strong>praf organic sau de COV <\/strong>atinge un anumit prag de inflamabilitate, exist\u0103 un risc ATEX cert. Opera\u021biunile de ambalare utilizeaz\u0103 ma\u0219ini sau echipamente electrice, iar frecarea dintre materiale poate fi o surs\u0103 de aprindere.    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Compu\u0219ii organici volatili (COV) \u0219i praful sunt poluan\u021bi cheie \u00een multe sectoare industriale, cu implica\u021bii asupra mediului \u0219i riscuri pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":81480,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Emisiile de COV \u0219i de praf pe sectoare","_seopress_titles_desc":"Compu\u0219ii organici volatili (COV) \u0219i praful sunt poluan\u021bi cheie \u00een multe sectoare industriale.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[144],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39995","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sfatul-nostru","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","no-featured-image-padding","resize-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39995","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39995"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39995\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":81903,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39995\/revisions\/81903"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/81480"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39995"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39995"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39995"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}