{"id":46570,"date":"2020-05-01T17:32:40","date_gmt":"2020-05-01T15:32:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/non-classifiee\/studiu-de-caz-extragerea-fumului-de-sudura\/"},"modified":"2025-06-27T15:22:07","modified_gmt":"2025-06-27T13:22:07","slug":"aspiration-de-fumees-de-soudages","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/sfatul-nostru\/aspiration-de-fumees-de-soudages\/","title":{"rendered":"Studiu de caz: extragerea fumului de sudur\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

OberA a livrat un purificator de aer industrial ePur100<\/a> unui produc\u0103tor de ma\u0219ini mari pentru a proteja operatorii de vaporii de sudur\u0103. Deoarece operatorii erau adesea mobili \u0219i \u00een aer, ace\u0219tia aveau deja tor\u021be de aspira\u021bie. Le-am ad\u0103ugat apoi la puterea unui ePur100 pentru a capta restul vaporilor de sudur\u0103 din mediu. Reac\u021bia operatorilor a fost satisf\u0103c\u0103toare, deoarece ace\u0219tia nu mai trebuie s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i fac\u0103 griji cu privire la problemele de s\u0103n\u0103tate. <\/p>\n\n

Ce trebuie s\u0103 \u0219ti\u021bi despre vaporii de sudur\u0103<\/h2>\n\n

Vaporii de sudur\u0103 metalic\u0103 pot fi considera\u021bi periculo\u0219i pentru s\u0103n\u0103tatea operatorilor \u0219i pot provoca boli profesionale \u00een func\u021bie de compozi\u021bia, concentra\u021bia \u0219i durata expunerii lor. Riscurile afecteaz\u0103 nu numai sudorii, ci \u0219i lucr\u0103torii din jur. M\u0103surile preventive se bazeaz\u0103 pe utilizarea echipamentelor de protec\u021bie colectiv\u0103 \u0219i individual\u0103. <\/p>\n\n

Ce este sudarea?<\/h2>\n\n
\n
\n

\u00cembinarea pieselor metalice, cunoscut\u0103 \u0219i sub denumirea de sudarea metalelor, produce vapori de sudur\u0103. Acesta este creat prin \u00eenc\u0103lzirea marginilor diferitelor metale la o temperatur\u0103 de topire cu ajutorul unei surse de energie. Amestecul de metal de baz\u0103 \u0219i metal de adaos este diluat pentru a forma un cordon de sudur\u0103 sau o \u00eembinare. Sudarea metalelor poate fi efectuat\u0103 pe toate materialele metalice. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pot fi utilizate numeroase procedee de sudare, clasificate \u00een manuale, semiautomate \u0219i automate. Sudarea cu arc electric este cea mai frecvent\u0103 tehnic\u0103 utilizat\u0103 \u00een \u00eentreprinderi, dar exist\u0103 \u0219i altele, cum ar fi sudarea prin rezisten\u021b\u0103, cu gaz, mecanic\u0103 \u0219i cu densitate energetic\u0103 ridicat\u0103. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\"FUMURI<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

Care sunt pericolele vaporilor de sudur\u0103?<\/h2>\n\n

Din cauza temperaturilor ridicate care ating punctele de topire, toate procesele de sudare emit fumuri poten\u021bial nocive. Aceste fumuri pot fi inhalate de c\u0103tre sudori \u0219i de c\u0103tre trec\u0103tori \u00een cl\u0103dirile de produc\u021bie. \u00cen func\u021bie de proces, aceste fumuri sunt amestecate cu aerul fierbinte pentru a forma gaze \u0219i prafuri \u00een propor\u021bii variabile. Dimensiunea acestor prafuri este mai mic\u0103 de 1 micrometru. Av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere dimensiunea lor foarte mic\u0103, aceste prafuri pot ajunge \u00een zona alveolar\u0103 a sistemului respirator. <\/p>\n\n

Prin urmare, fumul de sudur\u0103 poate provoca intoxica\u021bii \u0219i poate duce la probleme medicale acute sau cronice. Principalii poluan\u021bi con\u021binu\u021bi \u00een fum sunt urm\u0103torii: <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t
<\/td>Polluants<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Irritants, toxiques ou allergisants<\/td>L\u2019antimoine, le cuivre, le nickel, les fluorures, le mangan\u00e8se, le titane, le zinc, le b\u00e9ryllium, le magn\u00e9sium, l\u2019aluminium, le molybd\u00e8ne, le plomb, le vanadium, le zirconium, le baryum et le chrome<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Irritants<\/td>L\u2019ald\u00e9hyde formique, l\u2019ozone, le phosg\u00e8ne et le dioxyde d\u2019azote <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Toxiques <\/td>Le cyanure d\u2019hydrog\u00e8ne, le monoxyde de carbone et le monoxyde d\u2019azote<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fibrose pulmonaire<\/td>Le cobalt et le b\u00e9ryllium<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Surcharge pulmonaire<\/td>L\u2019aluminium, la silice amorphe, le fer, l\u2019\u00e9tain et le titane<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Potentiellement canc\u00e9rig\u00e8ne <\/td>Le b\u00e9ryllium, le cobalt, le chrome VI, le nickel et l\u2019ald\u00e9hyde formique <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n

O serie de patologii pot ap\u0103rea \u00een urma inhal\u0103rii vaporilor de sudur\u0103. Principalele patologii \u00eent\u00e2lnite de angaja\u021bii care efectueaz\u0103 lucr\u0103ri de sudur\u0103 sunt urm\u0103toarele: <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t
<\/td>Pathologies<\/th>Polluants<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Pathologies aigu\u00ebs<\/td>\u0152d\u00e8me pulmonaire<\/td>Ozone, oxyde d\u2019azote, phosg\u00e8ne<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fi\u00e8vre des m\u00e9taux<\/td>Oxydes de zinc et de cuivre, oxyde de magn\u00e9sium<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Asthme<\/td>Colophane, diisocyanate de toluyl\u00e8ne, formald\u00e9hyde<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pneumonie toxique<\/td>Oxydes de mangan\u00e8se, oxyde de cadmium, oxyde de b\u00e9ryllium<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pathologies chroniques<\/td>Pneumoconiose<\/td>Oxydes de fer, oxyde d\u2019aluminium, oxyde d\u2019\u00e9tain, oxyde de b\u00e9ryllium<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bronchite chronique<\/td>Oxydes d\u2019azote, ozone, oxydes de chrome, oxydes de nickel, oxydes de mangan\u00e8se, oxyde de cadmium<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Atteinte du syst\u00e8me nerveux central<\/td>Oxyde d\u2019aluminium, oxydes de mangan\u00e8se<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Atteinte r\u00e9nale<\/td>Oxyde de cadmium, oxyde de plomb, dioxyde de thorium<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cancer broncho-pulmonaire<\/td>Oxydes de nickel, compos\u00e9s du chrome, oxyde de cadmium, oxyde de b\u00e9ryllium<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n

Sursa: INRS<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n

Cum pute\u021bi preveni riscurile?<\/h2>\n\n

Precau\u021biile luate trebuie s\u0103 fie adaptate nu numai la procesele \u0219i materialele utilizate, ci \u0219i la locul de munc\u0103 (inclusiv atelierul \u0219i postul de lucru). Prin urmare, o analiz\u0103 a locurilor de munc\u0103 ale operatorilor este esen\u021bial\u0103 \u00eenainte de luarea oric\u0103ror m\u0103suri preventive. Scopul este de a aduna c\u00e2t mai mul\u021bi factori importan\u021bi pentru a defini m\u0103surile care trebuie luate. Domeniile care trebuie analizate sunt tehnicile \u0219i parametrii de sudare utiliza\u021bi, piesele prelucrate, posturile de lucru ale operatorilor, birourile \u0219i organizarea fluxurilor de materiale \u00een ateliere. <\/p>\n\n

Mai multe solu\u021bii preventive pot fi puse \u00een aplicare pentru a reduce fumul de sudur\u0103, cum ar fi captarea fumului de sudur\u0103 la surs\u0103 \u0219i ventilarea general\u0103<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n

Colectarea fumului de sudur\u0103 la surs\u0103 este cea mai sigur\u0103 solu\u021bie pentru operatori. Aceasta capteaz\u0103 fumul emis \u0219i protejeaz\u0103 operatorii de riscurile de inhalare a prafului \u0219i a particulelor. Extrac\u021bia localizat\u0103 men\u021bine contaminan\u021bii la cea mai mic\u0103 frac\u021bie de volum posibil\u0103 \u0219i evacueaz\u0103 contaminan\u021bii din atelier dup\u0103 filtrare. Extrac\u021bia localizat\u0103 capteaz\u0103 poluan\u021bii degaja\u021bi \u00eenainte ca ace\u0219tia s\u0103 intre \u00een contact cu operatorii \u0219i cu c\u0103ile lor respiratorii \u0219i\/sau s\u0103 se r\u0103sp\u00e2ndeasc\u0103 \u00een atelier. Pot fi avute \u00een vedere mai multe tipuri de extrac\u021bie localizat\u0103, cum ar fi o sp\u0103tar de aspira\u021bie, o mas\u0103 de aspira\u021bie, o hot\u0103<\/strong> sau colectoare de praf.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n

Echipamentul nostru de tratare a fumului de sudur\u0103<\/h2>\n\n
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\"oberA<\/a>
ePUR B Ex<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"Colector<\/a>
Dustomat 4<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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\"Fum<\/a>
SRF-K<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"Sistem<\/a>
Dustmac<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

OberA tocmai a livrat un purificator de aer industrial ePur100 unui produc\u0103tor de ma\u0219ini mari pentru a proteja operatorii de vaporii de sudur\u0103. Deoarece operatorii erau adesea mobili \u0219i \u00een aer, ace\u0219tia aveau deja tor\u021be de aspira\u021bie. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":98607,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Extrac\u021bia fumului de sudur\u0103 pentru un produc\u0103tor de ma\u0219ini","_seopress_titles_desc":"OberA tocmai a livrat un purificator de aer industrial ePur100 unui produc\u0103tor de ma\u0219ini mari pentru a proteja operatorii de vaporii de sudur\u0103.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[144],"tags":[145],"class_list":["post-46570","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sfatul-nostru","tag-entete-mic","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","no-featured-image-padding","resize-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46570","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46570"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46570\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":117000,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46570\/revisions\/117000"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/98607"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46570"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=46570"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=46570"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}