{"id":98100,"date":"2021-07-29T09:50:37","date_gmt":"2021-07-29T07:50:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/nase-rada\/vlep-filtration-de-poussiere-reglementation\/"},"modified":"2025-05-07T09:24:36","modified_gmt":"2025-05-07T07:24:36","slug":"vlep-filtration-de-poussiere-reglementation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/sfatul-nostru\/vlep-filtration-de-poussiere-reglementation\/","title":{"rendered":"Filtrarea prafului \u0219i VLEP: o actualizare a reglement\u0103rilor"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Praful este o particul\u0103<\/strong> mai mic\u0103 de 100 microni. Valorile limit\u0103 de expunere profesional\u0103<a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/sfatul-nostru\/reglementation-vlep-evaluation-risque-chimique-lieu-de-travail\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/conseils\/reglementation-vlep-evaluation-risque-chimique-lieu-de-travail\/\">(reglement\u0103ri OELV<\/a>) indic\u0103 m\u0103surile care trebuie luate cu privire la praful de la locul de munc\u0103. Praful \u0219i VLEP conduc la punerea \u00een aplicare a <strong>controlului <\/strong>calit\u0103\u021bii aerului. Pentru a v\u0103 ajuta, INRS ofer\u0103 informa\u021bii privind prevenirea \u0219i protec\u021bia \u00eempotriva expunerii la praf la locul de munc\u0103.     <\/p>\n\n<p>Dori\u021bi s\u0103 v\u0103 face\u021bi <strong>activitatea profesional\u0103 <\/strong>mai sigur\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 reduce\u021bi riscurile pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate? V\u0103 putem ajuta furniz\u00e2ndu-v\u0103 informa\u021bii fiabile. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Definirea \u0219i prevenirea prafului<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>Pulberile sunt particule <\/strong>cu o structur\u0103 cristalin\u0103: un praf are o form\u0103 rotund\u0103, cu contururi unghiulare \u0219i poten\u021bial abraziv. Toate particulele mai mici de 100 microni (0,1 mm, PM 1, PM 2,5 \u0219i PM 10) intr\u0103 \u00een aceast\u0103 categorie de agen\u021bi periculo\u0219i. Atunci c\u00e2nd <strong>nivelul de concentra\u021bie al <\/strong>PM 2,5 (dimensiune 2,5 microni) este ridicat,<strong>expunerea profesional\u0103<\/strong> prezint\u0103 riscuri de cancer.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Praful la locul de munc\u0103: diferitele tipuri<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>Angaja\u021bii <\/strong>\u0219tiu pu\u021bine despre riscurile expunerii la locul de munc\u0103. Evaluarea riscurilor, prevenirea \u0219i protec\u021bia \u00eempotriva efectelor periculoase ale prafului asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii sunt responsabilitatea \u00eentreprinderilor. Exist\u0103 dou\u0103 tipuri principale de <strong>praf<\/strong>:  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>prafuri anorganice (prafuri industriale).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Sans-titre.jpg\" alt=\"Praf anorganic\" class=\"wp-image-14084\" width=\"275\" height=\"100\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Sans-titre.jpg 550w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Sans-titre-300x109.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>pulberi organice (\u00eentreprinderi textile \u0219i de prelucrare a alimentelor).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/textile.jpg\" alt=\"praf organic\" class=\"wp-image-14088\" width=\"275\" height=\"100\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/textile.jpg 550w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/textile-300x109.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cele mai periculoase prafuri pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>Praful mai mic de 10 microni<\/strong> (PM10) ajunge \u00een celulele alveolare ale pl\u0103m\u00e2nilor. Pulberile fine trec direct \u00een fluxul sanguin. Pulberile mai mici de PM1 sunt cele mai periculoase \u0219i prezint\u0103 riscuri CMR, cancerigene \u0219i patogene ridicate. Prin urmare, diagnosticarea calit\u0103\u021bii aerului la locul de munc\u0103 este esen\u021bial\u0103. Cu c\u00e2t praful este mai fin, cu at\u00e2t <strong>concentra\u021bia <\/strong>sa <strong>\u00een aer <\/strong>este mai mare \u0219i r\u0103m\u00e2ne mai mult timp \u00een suspensie (de la 1 la 40 de ore).    <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-fraction-poussieres.jpg\" alt=\"Organism - Toxicitate\" class=\"wp-image-1840\" width=\"375\" height=\"395\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-fraction-poussieres.jpg 500w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-fraction-poussieres-285x300.jpg 285w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p>Cu c\u00e2t praful este mai fin, cu at\u00e2t \u00eei ia mai mult timp s\u0103 se depun\u0103. De exemplu, particulele de dimensiunea unui fir de p\u0103r uman (50\u00b5m) se depun rapid (aproximativ 6s pe metru). Acestea se sedimenteaz\u0103 \u00een apropierea zonei lor de emisie sau r\u0103m\u00e2n \u00een suspensie dac\u0103 mi\u0219carea aerului este suficient de puternic\u0103 pentru a \u00eempiedica sedimentarea lor. \u00cen schimb, particulele de 0,1\u00b5m se comport\u0103 \u00eentr-un mod similar moleculelor. Acestea se deplaseaz\u0103 \u00een conformitate cu o mi\u0219care brownian\u0103 (aleatorie) \u0219i, prin urmare, r\u0103m\u00e2n \u00een suspensie \u0219i nu au o vitez\u0103 de sedimentare m\u0103surabil\u0103. Ele cad un metru \u00een 20 de zile f\u0103r\u0103 a fi deranjate. Este u\u0219or de \u00een\u021beles c\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 mi\u0219care for\u021bat\u0103 (aerare, ventila\u021bie mecanic\u0103, extrac\u021bie centralizat\u0103, purificarea aerului), aceste particule cele mai fine \u0219i mai periculoase nu se depun niciodat\u0103 \u0219i r\u0103m\u00e2n \u00een suspensie.      <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Praful \u0219i VLEP: ce spun reglement\u0103rile<\/h2>\n\n<p>Cum ar trebui interpretate <strong>praful \u0219i VLEP <\/strong>la locul de munc\u0103? Lua\u021bi \u00een considerare faptul c\u0103 praful la locul de munc\u0103 provine din procesele de fabrica\u021bie, din mi\u0219carea utilajelor sau din manipularea bunurilor \u0219i a produselor. <strong>Multiplicitatea particulelor de praf \u00een suspensie<\/strong> prezint\u0103 riscuri pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate. Legea a creat o <strong>clasificare a prafului<\/strong> \u00een func\u021bie de nivelul de penetrare \u00een organism.   <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Particulele respirabile \u0219i mediul de lucru<\/h3>\n\n<p>Raportul dintre <strong>praf \u0219i VLEP<\/strong> produce rezultate diferite \u00een func\u021bie de dimensiunea prafului. Particulele respirabile sunt cele cu un diametru mai mic de 4 microni. Dup\u0103 cum am v\u0103zut, OMS reduce pragul la 2,5 (PM 2,5) pe motiv c\u0103 aceste <strong>particule sunt cele mai periculoase<\/strong>. Monitorizarea permanent\u0103 la locul de munc\u0103 este posibil\u0103 prin<strong>instalarea unei cutii<\/strong>, a unei sonde sau a unui analizor de aer.   <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Praful \u0219i penetrarea pieptului: care sunt valorile?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Tractul respirator superior filtreaz\u0103 acest <strong>a\u0219a-numit praf total<\/strong>. Acestea nu au o dimensiune mai mare de 100 microni, iar <strong>frac\u021bia <\/strong>lor <strong>toracic\u0103 <\/strong>este mai mic\u0103 de 10 microni. Ele p\u0103trund \u00een pl\u0103m\u00e2ni, pot irita bronhiile \u0219i prezint\u0103 un<strong> risc de astm<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Praf \u0219i VLEP: Valoarea limit\u0103 de expunere pe 8 ore<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>VLEP obligatoriu<\/strong> (pentru azbest, lemn, siliciu \u0219i ceramic\u0103 cancerigen\u0103) este o valoare de referin\u021b\u0103 pentru orice risc am\u00e2nat pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate \u00een urma<strong> expunerii<\/strong>. Aceste instrumente sunt destinate lumii muncii, iar INRS le utilizeaz\u0103 pentru elaborarea ghidurilor sale de s\u0103n\u0103tate \u0219i securitate.<strong> Controlul oficial al VLEP <\/strong>\u00een \u00eentreprinderi este responsabilitatea COFRAC.  <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Citi\u021bi \u0219i: Ce este o <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/sfatul-nostru\/valeur-limite-exposition-professionnelle-ou-vlep\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1999\">limit\u0103 de expunere profesional\u0103 sau OEL<\/a>?<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Valoarea limit\u0103 de expunere profesional\u0103 (OEL) 8 ore<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>Codul muncii<\/strong> francez define\u0219te nivelul VLEP de 8 ore \u00een condi\u021bii normale de temperatur\u0103.<strong> Concentra\u021bia medie<\/strong> de praf total trebuie s\u0103 fie sub pragul de 10 mg\/m\u00b3 de aer. Concentra\u021bia medie de <strong>praf respirabil<\/strong> trebuie s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 sub 5 mg\/m\u00b3 de aer.  <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>De asemenea, merit\u0103 citit: <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/sfatul-nostru\/vlep-quels-risques-cas-de-non-respect-reglementation\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1816\">Care sunt riscurile nerespect\u0103rii VLEP?<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Praful \u0219i VLEP de 8 ore: c\u00e2teva exemple<\/h3>\n\n<p>Unele <strong>particule au efecte<\/strong> mai nocive asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii. M\u0103surarea VLEP este mai strict\u0103: praf de lemn 1 mg\/m\u00b3, praf de siliciu \u00eentre 0,1 \u0219i 0,005 mg\/m\u00b3, praf de in 0,2 mg\/m\u00b3, azbest 10 fibre\/cm\u00b3. Dac\u0103 aceste niveluri sunt <strong>dep\u0103\u0219ite <\/strong>, \u00eentreprinderea trebuie s\u0103 ia m\u0103suri de protec\u021bie \u0219i de prevenire.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sunt disponibile solu\u021bii de filtrare \u0219i \u00eendep\u0103rtare a prafului<\/h2>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Traitements-des-polluants-VLEP.jpg\" alt=\"tratarea poluan&#x21B;ilor vlep\" class=\"wp-image-14091\" width=\"500\" height=\"100\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Traitements-des-polluants-VLEP.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Traitements-des-polluants-VLEP-300x60.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Traitements-des-polluants-VLEP-768x154.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p>Ave\u021bi o <strong>problem\u0103 cu praful <\/strong>\u00een atelierele dumneavoastr\u0103? OBERA este un specialist \u00een tratarea aerului \u0219i \u00eendep\u0103rtarea prafului de 20 de ani. Proteja\u021bi-v\u0103 personalul \u0219i productivitatea, baza\u021bi-v\u0103 pe expertiza noastr\u0103. Completa\u021bi formularul nostru <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/contact\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"124\">formular de contact<\/a><\/strong> pentru a primi r\u0103spunsuri la \u00eentreb\u0103rile dumneavoastr\u0103.   <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Valorile limit\u0103 de expunere profesional\u0103 (reglement\u0103ri VLEP) indic\u0103 m\u0103surile care trebuie luate cu privire la praful de la locul de munc\u0103. Pentru a v\u0103 ajuta, INRS ofer\u0103 informa\u021bii privind prevenirea \u0219i protec\u021bia \u00eempotriva expunerii la praf la locul de munc\u0103.   <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":85307,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Filtrarea prafului \u0219i VLEP: reglement\u0103rile \u00een detaliu","_seopress_titles_desc":"Afla\u021bi mai multe despre reglement\u0103rile referitoare la filtrarea prafului \u0219i despre VLEP-urile acestora. Obera proiecteaz\u0103 echipamente capabile s\u0103 respecte aceste VLEP. ","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[144],"tags":[145],"class_list":["post-98100","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sfatul-nostru","tag-entete-mic","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","no-featured-image-padding","resize-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98100","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=98100"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98100\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":98102,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98100\/revisions\/98102"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/85307"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=98100"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=98100"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=98100"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}