{"id":46506,"date":"2020-11-20T16:20:07","date_gmt":"2020-11-20T14:20:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/non-classifiee\/ake-su-rizika-nedodrziavania-vlep\/"},"modified":"2025-05-07T10:20:56","modified_gmt":"2025-05-07T08:20:56","slug":"vlep-quels-risques-cas-de-non-respect-reglementation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sk\/nasa-rada\/vlep-quels-risques-cas-de-non-respect-reglementation\/","title":{"rendered":"Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa rizik\u00e1, ak sa nedodr\u017eia VLEP?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010co je VLEP?<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nok R4412-149 franc\u00fazskeho z\u00e1konn\u00edka pr\u00e1ce stanovuje v\u0161etky pr\u00e1vne hodnoty, ktor\u00e9 sa musia dodr\u017eiava\u0165. Existuj\u00fa dva typy expoz\u00edcie: expoz\u00edcia po\u010das d\u0148a (8 hod\u00edn) alebo po\u010das 15 min\u00fat. <\/p>\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sk\/nasa-rada\/co-je-pracovny-expozicny-limit-alebo-oel\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/conseils\/valeur-limite-exposition-professionnelle-ou-vlep\/\">Limitn\u00e9 hodnoty expoz\u00edcie pri pr\u00e1ci (OELV)<\/a> s\u00fa vyjadren\u00e9 vo forme koncentr\u00e1cie v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed pre dan\u00fa chemick\u00fa l\u00e1tku a za stanoven\u00e9 \u010dasov\u00e9 obdobie. Predpoklad\u00e1 sa, \u017ee zdravotn\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky bude ma\u0165 len vystavenie vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm koncentr\u00e1ci\u00e1m alebo po\u010das dlh\u0161ieho obdobia. <\/p>\n\n<p>Franc\u00fazsky z\u00e1konn\u00edk pr\u00e1ce stanovuje hodnoty pre ur\u010dit\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky. Existuje v\u0161ak mnoho v\u00fdrobkov, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa uveden\u00e9. Odpor\u00fa\u010da sa preto pozrie\u0165 si bu\u010f zoznam, ktor\u00fd uverej\u0148uje INRS, alebo hodnoty, ktor\u00e9 uverej\u0148uj\u00fa zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 org\u00e1ny, najm\u00e4 v Nemecku (datab\u00e1za GESTIS).  <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Stoj\u00ed za pre\u010d\u00edtanie aj: <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sk\/nasa-rada\/reglementation-vlep-evaluation-risque-chimique-lieu-de-travail\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"6575\">Predpisy VLEP: Ako by sa malo posudzova\u0165 chemick\u00e9 riziko na pracovisku?<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prach bez \u0161pecifick\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinkov<\/h3>\n\n<p>Sadzba, ktor\u00e1 sa m\u00e1 dodr\u017eiava\u0165 pri prachu bez \u0161pecifick\u00e9ho vplyvu na zdravie, je :<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>10 mg\/m3 pre \u010dastice v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie ako 10 \u00b5m<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>5 mg\/m3 pre PM 10.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Bohu\u017eia\u013e, tomuto opisu zodpoved\u00e1 len m\u00e1lo \u010dast\u00edc. Dokonca aj prach, ktor\u00fd sa n\u00e1m zd\u00e1 by\u0165 najne\u0161kodnej\u0161\u00ed (oxid kremi\u010dit\u00fd, \u00edl, v\u00e1penec at\u010f.), m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00fd vplyv na na\u0161e zdravie, ak ide o jemn\u00e9 \u010dastice. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Prachy, na ktor\u00e9 sa vz\u0165ahuje osobitn\u00fd VLEP<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>V\u0161etky prachy maj\u00fa \u0161pecifick\u00e9 TLV. T\u00e1to hodnota zodpoved\u00e1 \u010dasovo v\u00e1\u017eenej priemernej koncentr\u00e1cii \u010dast\u00edc povolenej v d\u00fdchacej z\u00f3ne pracovn\u00edka po\u010das 8 hod\u00edn. VLEP m\u00e1 strednodobo a dlhodobo chr\u00e1ni\u0165 pracovn\u00edka pred \u0161kodliv\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dinkami tejto zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facej l\u00e1tky.  <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u010eal\u0161ie inform\u00e1cie: <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sk\/nasa-rada\/vlep-filtration-de-poussiere-reglementation\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"6346\">Filtr\u00e1cia prachu a VLEP a predpisy<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prachy, na ktor\u00e9 sa vz\u0165ahuje kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e1 OEL (STEL)<\/h3>\n\n<p>TLV zodpoved\u00e1 maxim\u00e1lnemu limitu, ktor\u00e9mu m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 oper\u00e1tor vystaven\u00fd po\u010das 15 min\u00fat. T\u00e1to hodnota m\u00e1 chr\u00e1ni\u0165 obsluhu pred okam\u017eit\u00fdmi alebo kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdmi toxick\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dinkami. Pod\u013ea agent\u00fary ANSES v\u0161ak <em>&#8222;nie je ur\u010den\u00e1 na prevenciu v\u00fdskytu ak\u00fdchko\u013evek chronick\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinkov na zdravie, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 d\u00f4sledkom opakovanej expoz\u00edcie<\/em> &#8222;. A \u010falej: <em>&#8222;Pre in\u00e9 l\u00e1tky sa odpor\u00fa\u010da hodnota VLCT-15min, ktor\u00e1 pod\u013ea predpisov zodpoved\u00e1 koncentr\u00e1cii chemick\u00fdch faktorov meranej po\u010das 15 min\u00fat, pri\u010dom ich toxikologick\u00fd profil ukazuje, \u017ee m\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd, potenci\u00e1lne nezvratn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok po\u010das doby expoz\u00edcie ove\u013ea krat\u0161ej ako 15 min\u00fat<\/em> &#8222;.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Je potrebn\u00e9 poznamena\u0165, \u017ee hoci pr\u00e1vne predpisy stanovuj\u00fa normy, rizik\u00e1 pre zamestnancov zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa zna\u010dn\u00e9. <strong>INRS d\u00f4razne odpor\u00fa\u010da neprekra\u010dova\u0165 tieto hodnoty, aby sa predi\u0161lo ak\u00e9muko\u013evek riziku vzniku choroby z povolania<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa trestnopr\u00e1vne rizik\u00e1 pre riadite\u013eov spolo\u010dnost\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00fdskum zne\u010distenia jemn\u00fdmi \u010dasticami sa rozbehol v s\u00favislosti s probl\u00e9mom azbestu. Aj ke\u010f \u0161kodliv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky jemn\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc e\u0161te neboli zn\u00e1me, podniky sa v d\u00f4sledku chor\u00f4b z povolania dostali pred s\u00fad. <\/p>\n\n<p>Zamestn\u00e1vatelia m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 <strong>ob\u010dianskopr\u00e1vne zodpovedn\u00ed<\/strong>, ak choroba z povolania alebo pracovn\u00fd \u00faraz vznikli (alebo m\u00f4\u017eu vznikn\u00fa\u0165) v d\u00f4sledku zavinenia zamestn\u00e1vate\u013ea, t. j. ak zamestn\u00e1vate\u013e nesplnil svoje z\u00e1konn\u00e9 povinnosti pod\u013ea Z\u00e1konn\u00edka pr\u00e1ce. Ob\u010dianskopr\u00e1vna zodpovednos\u0165 zamestn\u00e1vate\u013ea vedie k n\u00e1hrade \u0161kody vo forme od\u0161kodnenia, ktor\u00e9 okrem z\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho od\u0161kodnenia vypl\u00e1ca spolo\u010dnos\u0165 (alebo jej poistenie ob\u010dianskej zodpovednosti). <\/p>\n\n<p>Chor\u00fd zamestnanec dostane tieto d\u00e1vky:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Zdravotn\u00e1 starostlivos\u0165 hraden\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kompenza\u010dn\u00e9 denn\u00e9 d\u00e1vky.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>d\u00f4chodok v pr\u00edpade invalidity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Okrem toho bude musie\u0165 zamestn\u00e1vate\u013e vyplati\u0165 doplnkov\u00e9 d\u00e1vky zodpovedaj\u00face <strong>90 % hrubej mzdy po\u010das prv\u00fdch 30 dn\u00ed<\/strong> nepr\u00edtomnosti v pr\u00e1ci a potom <strong>66,66 % po\u010das nasleduj\u00facich 30 dn\u00ed<\/strong>, s v\u00fdnimkou osobitn\u00fdch pr\u00edpadov.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Pr\u00edpad azbestu ukazuje, \u017ee spolo\u010dnos\u0165 sa m\u00f4\u017ee ocitn\u00fa\u0165 pred s\u00fadom, ak sa u zamestnanca vyvinie choroba z povolania, aj ke\u010f \u0161kodliv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky nie s\u00fa zn\u00e1me. Zamestn\u00e1vatelia s\u00fa povinn\u00ed chr\u00e1ni\u0165 svojich zamestnancov. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>Napokon, sankcie m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 ulo\u017een\u00e9 aj mana\u017e\u00e9rovi alebo osobe zodpovednej za bezpe\u010dnos\u0165. Pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nku 223-1 Trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1konn\u00edka &#8222;\u010din, ktor\u00fdm sa in\u00e1 osoba priamo vystav\u00ed bezprostredn\u00e9mu riziku smrti alebo zranenia, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k trval\u00e9mu zmrza\u010deniu alebo po\u0161kodeniu zdravia, a to zjavne \u00famyseln\u00fdm poru\u0161en\u00edm konkr\u00e9tnej povinnosti starostlivosti alebo bezpe\u010dnosti ulo\u017eenej z\u00e1konom alebo in\u00fdm predpisom, sa trest\u00e1 od\u0148at\u00edm slobody na jeden rok a pokutou 15 000 eur&#8220;. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u010cl\u00e1nok R4412-149 franc\u00fazskeho z\u00e1konn\u00edka pr\u00e1ce ve\u013emi jasne hovor\u00ed o dodr\u017eiavan\u00ed limitn\u00fdch hodn\u00f4t expoz\u00edcie na pracovisku (VLEP). Existuj\u00fa dva typy expoz\u00edcie: expoz\u00edcia po\u010das 8 hod\u00edn a expoz\u00edcia po\u010das 15 min\u00fat. Pre\u010d\u00edtajte si n\u00e1\u0161ho sprievodcu z\u00e1konn\u00fdmi hodnotami, ktor\u00e9 je potrebn\u00e9 dodr\u017eiava\u0165.    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":99119,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa rizik\u00e1, ak sa nedodr\u017eia VLEP?","_seopress_titles_desc":"Z\u00e1konn\u00edk pr\u00e1ce stanovuje v\u0161etky pr\u00e1vne hodnoty, ktor\u00e9 sa musia dodr\u017eiava\u0165. Existuj\u00fa dva typy expoz\u00edcie: expoz\u00edcia po\u010das d\u0148a alebo po\u010das 15 min\u00fat. 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