{"id":98380,"date":"2021-07-29T09:15:37","date_gmt":"2021-07-29T07:15:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/nase-rada\/substances-cmr-risque-exposition-au-travail-quelle-reglementation-prevention\/"},"modified":"2025-05-07T09:38:14","modified_gmt":"2025-05-07T07:38:14","slug":"substances-cmr-risque-exposition-au-travail-quelle-reglementation-prevention","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sk\/nasa-rada\/substances-cmr-risque-exposition-au-travail-quelle-reglementation-prevention\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e1tky CMR a riziko expoz\u00edcie na pracovisku: ak\u00e9 s\u00fa predpisy t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa prevencie?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Niektor\u00e9 <strong>chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky<\/strong> m\u00f4\u017eu <strong>ma\u0165 zdravotn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky a rizik\u00e1<\/strong>. Samostatne alebo v zmesiach m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165<strong> karcinog\u00e9nne, mutag\u00e9nne alebo toxick\u00e9 pre \u013eudsk\u00fa reprodukciu<\/strong>. Tieto l\u00e1tky s\u00fa zn\u00e1me ako l\u00e1tky CMR. Tieto l\u00e1tky s\u00fa klasifikovan\u00e9 pod\u013ea nebezpe\u010denstva, ktor\u00e9 predstavuj\u00fa. Iba na jednu z t\u00fdchto kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed sa od roku 2008 vz\u0165ahuje eur\u00f3pske nariadenie (\u010d. 1272\/2008-Eur-Lex).      <\/p>\n\n<p>Ide o <strong>nariadenie CLP<\/strong> (klasifik\u00e1cia, ozna\u010dovanie a balenie). Franc\u00fazske pr\u00e1vo transponovalo tieto <strong>eur\u00f3pske nariadenia<\/strong>, a to najm\u00e4 pracovn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo v \u010dl\u00e1nku R.4412-60 Z\u00e1konn\u00edka pr\u00e1ce. Zdravie a bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 pracovn\u00edkov sa toti\u017e uzn\u00e1va v \u010dl\u00e1nku L4121-1 Z\u00e1konn\u00edka pr\u00e1ce. Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa tieto predpisy pre <strong>l\u00e1tky CMR <\/strong>?   <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"substances-cmr-qu-est-ce-que-c-est\">L\u00e1tky CMR: \u010do s\u00fa to?<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>L\u00e1tky CMR s\u00fa l\u00e1tky alebo zmesi,<\/strong> ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa \u0161kodliv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky a predstavuj\u00fa <strong>riziko pre zdravie alebo \u017eivotn\u00e9 prostredie<\/strong>. Tieto l\u00e1tky alebo zmesi m\u00f4\u017eu predstavova\u0165 riziko vd\u00fdchnut\u00edm, po\u017eit\u00edm alebo prienikom cez poko\u017eku: <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Karcinog\u00e9nne<\/strong>: v\u00fdrobky, ktor\u00e9 sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa rakovinu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mutag\u00e9nny<\/strong>: sp\u00f4sobuje dedi\u010dn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my alebo desa\u0165n\u00e1sobne zvy\u0161uje ich frekvenciu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reprotoxick\u00fd<\/strong>: zv\u00fd\u0161enie nededi\u010dn\u00fdch \u0161kodliv\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinkov na deti alebo po\u0161kodenie reproduk\u010dnej schopnosti \u010dloveka.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>R\u00f4zne <strong>chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky <\/strong>sa klasifikuj\u00fa pod\u013ea ich vlastnost\u00ed CMR.<strong>INRS poskytuje zoznam chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tok klasifikovan\u00fdch ako CMR<\/strong>. Obsahuje hlavn\u00fd zoznam l\u00e1tok, zoznam komplexn\u00fdch l\u00e1tok z\u00edskan\u00fdch z ropy a uhlia, zoznam farb\u00edv a tabu\u013eku s klasifika\u010dn\u00fdmi prahov\u00fdmi hodnotami pre zmesi. Zamestn\u00e1vatelia s\u00fa zodpovedn\u00ed za <strong>zdravie svojich zamestnancov<\/strong> a za udr\u017eiavanie <strong>zdrav\u00e9ho pracovn\u00e9ho prostredia<\/strong>. Preto s\u00fa povinn\u00ed z\u00edska\u0165 inform\u00e1cie o t\u00fdchto l\u00e1tkach rovnak\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom ako v pr\u00edpade <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sk\/nasa-rada\/reglementation-vlep-evaluation-risque-chimique-lieu-de-travail\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/conseils\/reglementation-vlep-evaluation-risque-chimique-lieu-de-travail\/\">nariaden\u00ed VLEP<\/a> (Valeurs limites d&#8217;exposition professionnelle &#8211; limitn\u00e9 hodnoty expoz\u00edcie pri pr\u00e1ci).    <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u00c0 Lire aussi : <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sk\/nasa-rada\/valeur-limite-exposition-professionnelle-ou-vlep\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1999\">\u010co je limit vystavenia pri pr\u00e1ci?<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"substances-cmr-quelles-sont-les-regles\">L\u00e1tky CMR: ak\u00e9 s\u00fa pravidl\u00e1?<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>Nariadenie sa t\u00fdka len jednej z t\u00fdchto klasifik\u00e1ci\u00ed CMR<\/strong>. Cie\u013eom <strong>nariadenia CLP<\/strong> (Eur-Lex \u010d. 1272\/2008) je <strong>ochrana zdravia a \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia<\/strong> a podpora <strong>eur\u00f3pskej jednotnosti<\/strong>. Franc\u00fazsko transponovalo t\u00fato klasifik\u00e1ciu CMR do dvoch kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed. <strong>Kateg\u00f3ria 1 sa t\u00fdka v\u00fdrobkov, ktor\u00e9 predstavuj\u00fa karcinog\u00e9nne, mutag\u00e9nne alebo reprotoxick\u00e9 riziko<\/strong>. Kateg\u00f3ria 1 je rozdelen\u00e1 na dve podkateg\u00f3rie: 1A s preuk\u00e1zan\u00fdm rizikom CMR a 1B s predpokladan\u00fdm rizikom CMR. <strong>Kateg\u00f3ria 2 zah\u0155\u0148a v\u00fdrobky s predpokladan\u00fdm rizikom CMR<\/strong>.     <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"comment-reconnaitre-un-produit-classe-cmr\">Ako rozpozn\u00e1te v\u00fdrobok klasifikovan\u00fd ako CMR?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Na identifik\u00e1ciu v\u00fdrobkov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa karcinog\u00e9nne, mutag\u00e9nne alebo toxick\u00e9 pre reprodukciu, existuje <strong>jednotn\u00fd dokument o hodnoten\u00ed rizika <\/strong>. V tomto dokumente s\u00fa uveden\u00e9 v\u0161etky <strong>rizik\u00e1 spojen\u00e9 s pracovn\u00fdmi \u010dinnos\u0165ami<\/strong>. Obsahuje nieko\u013eko listov. V\u00fdrobky alebo pr\u00edpravky CMR mo\u017eno identifikova\u0165 pod\u013ea ich<strong>ozna\u010denia<\/strong>. Musia obsahova\u0165 symbol &#8222;toxick\u00fd&#8220; spolu s nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00fdmi vetami o riziku (nov\u00e9 eur\u00f3pske nariadenie \u010d. 1182\/2020 zmenilo pravidl\u00e1, ale vo Franc\u00fazsku sa zatia\u013e neuplat\u0148uje).      <\/p>\n\n<p>V\u00fdrobca v\u00fdrobkov CMR mus\u00ed poskytn\u00fa\u0165 <strong>kartu bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch \u00fadajov<\/strong>. Zamestnanci musia ma\u0165 pr\u00edstup k tejto karte, v ktorej je uveden\u00e9 zlo\u017eenie v\u00fdrobku na pou\u017eitie. Nakoniec mus\u00ed zamestn\u00e1vate\u013e vytvori\u0165 <strong>expozi\u010dn\u00fd list pre ka\u017ed\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edka<\/strong>. V t\u00fdchto listoch sa zaznamen\u00e1va kontext, trvanie a opakuj\u00faci sa charakter \u010dinnost\u00ed vystaven\u00fdch nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm chemick\u00fdm faktorom a CMR.   <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u010eal\u0161ie inform\u00e1cie: <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sk\/nasa-rada\/vlep-quels-risques-cas-de-non-respect-reglementation\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/conseils\/vlep-quels-risques-cas-de-non-respect-reglementation\/\">Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa rizik\u00e1 nedodr\u017eiavania VLEP<\/a>?<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"substances-cmr-quelle-est-la-prevention-au-travail\">L\u00e1tky CMR: ako na prevenciu na pracovisku?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Zamestn\u00e1vatelia zohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa <strong>\u00falohu pri prevencii v\u00fdrobkov a pr\u00edpravkov CMR<\/strong> a vo v\u0161eobecnosti chemick\u00fdch riz\u00edk. Musia nahradi\u0165 nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky a CMR pr\u00edpravky v\u00fdrobkami, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa \u0161kodliv\u00e9 alebo s\u00fa menej \u0161kodliv\u00e9 (\u010dl\u00e1nok R.4412-66 franc\u00fazskeho z\u00e1konn\u00edka pr\u00e1ce). Je nevyhnutn\u00e9, aby zamestn\u00e1vate\u013e <strong>h\u013eadal n\u00e1hradu za<\/strong> toxick\u00fd v\u00fdrobok kateg\u00f3rie 1A alebo 1B.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"les-obligations-de-l-employeur-en-presence-de-substances-cmr-au-travail\">Povinnosti zamestn\u00e1vate\u013ea pri v\u00fdskyte l\u00e1tok CMR na pracovisku<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>Nahradenie je povinnos\u0165ou zamestn\u00e1vate\u013ea<\/strong> a m\u00e1 prednos\u0165 pred v\u0161etk\u00fdmi ostatn\u00fdmi opatreniami na zn\u00ed\u017eenie rizika vd\u00fdchnutia alebo po\u017eitia v\u00fdrobku CMR. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 mus\u00ed zd\u00f4vodni\u0165 opatrenia, ktor\u00e9 prijala, \u010di u\u017e boli \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9 alebo nie. V <strong>jednotnom dokumente o pos\u00faden\u00ed rizika<\/strong> sa zaznamen\u00e1vaj\u00fa v\u00fdsledky v\u00fdskumu. Na od\u00f4vodnenie nenahradenia CMR l\u00e1tok alebo pr\u00edpravkov sa m\u00f4\u017eu pou\u017ei\u0165 technick\u00e9 argumenty. V takom pr\u00edpade mus\u00ed zamestn\u00e1vate\u013e zabezpe\u010di\u0165, aby sa karcinog\u00e9ny, mutag\u00e9ny alebo l\u00e1tky toxick\u00e9 pre reprodukciu pou\u017e\u00edvali v uzavretom priestore (\u010dl\u00e1nok R.4412-68).    <\/p>\n\n<p>V spolo\u010dnosti Obera sme odborn\u00edci na \u00fapravu vzduchu pre va\u0161e pracovn\u00e9 priestory. M\u00f4\u017eeme navrhn\u00fa\u0165 zariadenia prisp\u00f4soben\u00e9 nebezpe\u010denstvu l\u00e1tok CMR. Nev\u00e1hajte n\u00e1s kontaktova\u0165.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Niektor\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky samotn\u00e9 alebo v zmesiach m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 karcinog\u00e9nne, mutag\u00e9nne alebo toxick\u00e9 pre \u013eudsk\u00fa reprodukciu. Tieto l\u00e1tky s\u00fa zn\u00e1me ako CMR l\u00e1tky. Tieto l\u00e1tky s\u00fa klasifikovan\u00e9 na z\u00e1klade nebezpe\u010denstva, ktor\u00e9 predstavuj\u00fa, a od roku 2008 sa na ne vz\u0165ahuje eur\u00f3pske nariadenie (\u010d. 1272\/2008-Eur-Lex).     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":98289,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"L\u00e1tky CMR, riziko expoz\u00edcie na pracovisku a predpisy","_seopress_titles_desc":"Chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 zdravotn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky a rizik\u00e1. M\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 karcinog\u00e9nne, mutag\u00e9nne alebo toxick\u00e9 pre \u013eudsk\u00fa reprodukciu. 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