- \n
- VLEP-i lidh\u00ebs, i cili edhe n\u00eb nivele t\u00eb ul\u00ebta ekspozimi, p\u00ebrb\u00ebn nj\u00eb rrezik p\u00ebr sh\u00ebndetin. Ato e ekspozojn\u00eb pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsin ndaj sanksioneve n\u00eb rast mosrespektimi t\u00eb rregullave. <\/strong>Ato p\u00ebrcaktohen me dekret n\u00eb K\u00ebshillin e Shtetit dhe p\u00ebrfshihen n\u00eb Kodin e Pun\u00ebs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- V\u00ebler\u00ebt minimale t\u00eb ekspozimit (OEL)<\/strong> tregues bazohen vet\u00ebm n\u00eb studime mjek\u00ebsore t\u00eb cilat lejojn\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktimin e nj\u00eb pragu t\u00eb qart\u00eb n\u00ebn t\u00eb cilin substanca nuk do t\u00eb paraqiste rrezik p\u00ebr sh\u00ebndetin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
Si kontrollohen OEL-t\u00eb?<\/h2>\n\n
\n\n![\"Numëruesi](\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/compteur-de-particules-300x300.png\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\nKontrolli i VLEP b\u00ebhet nga sistemet e analizuesve t\u00eb ajrit. Qoft\u00eb nj\u00eb kuti, nj\u00eb sond\u00eb apo nj\u00eb analizues ajri, pajisja duhet t\u00eb vendoset n\u00eb vendin p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs, ku ka prani t\u00eb ndot\u00ebsve. K\u00ebto pajisje t\u00eb ndryshme do t\u00eb analizojn\u00eb ajrin dhe do t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktojn\u00eb sasin\u00eb dhe llojin e ndot\u00ebsve t\u00eb pranish\u00ebm n\u00eb ajrin e hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs suaj t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Rezultatet e kontrolleve atmosferike regjistrohen m\u00eb pas n\u00eb nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash komb\u00ebtare ( baza e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave SCOLA<\/strong> ) e cila do t’u lejoj\u00eb autoriteteve publike t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin k\u00ebto statistika. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
Rezultatet e matjeve dhe kontrolleve atmosferike i komunikohen mjekut t\u00eb pun\u00ebs dhe CHSCT-s\u00eb<\/strong> . Ato kontribuojn\u00eb n\u00eb vler\u00ebsimin e rreziqeve t\u00eb shkaktuara nga ekspozimi ndaj agjent\u00ebve kimik\u00eb dhe b\u00ebjn\u00eb t\u00eb mundur p\u00ebrcaktimin e masave t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme parandaluese. <\/p>\n\n
Kush mund t’i kontrolloj\u00eb OEL-t\u00eb?<\/h3>\n\n
N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, kushdo q\u00eb ka nj\u00eb analizues ajri mund t\u00eb kontrolloj\u00eb OEL-t\u00eb e pranishme n\u00eb ambientet e tyre. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb syt\u00eb e ligjit, \u00e7eku juaj nuk do t\u00eb ket\u00eb vler\u00eb sepse nuk jeni t\u00eb akredituar. Prandaj \u00ebsht\u00eb thelb\u00ebsore t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen organizatat e miratuara nga COFRAC (Komiteti Francez i Akreditimit). K\u00ebto organe, t\u00eb pavarura nga kompanit\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat kryhen k\u00ebto kontrolle teknike, jan\u00eb t\u00eb akredituara p\u00ebr p\u00ebrcaktimin e strategjis\u00eb s\u00eb matjes<\/strong> , mostrave dhe analizave. <\/p>\n\n
Si t\u00eb parandalohet ekspozimi ndaj agjent\u00ebve kimik\u00eb t\u00eb rreziksh\u00ebm dhe CMR-ve n\u00eb vendin e pun\u00ebs?<\/h2>\n\n
\n\n![\"Fletë](\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/CMR.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\nSipas dekretit dhe urdhrave t\u00eb 15 dhjetorit 2009, pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi duhet t\u00eb kryej\u00eb, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn nj\u00eb her\u00eb n\u00eb vit dhe gjat\u00eb \u00e7do ndryshimi q\u00eb ka t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb t\u00eb ket\u00eb pasoja n\u00eb ekspozimin e punonj\u00ebsve, nj\u00eb vler\u00ebsim t\u00eb rrezikut duke matur cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e ajrit.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
A \u00ebsht\u00eb e detyrueshme pajtueshm\u00ebria me OEL-t\u00eb?<\/h2>\n\n
Po. Tejkalimi i nj\u00eb OEL-je rregullatore detyruese duhet t\u00eb rezultoj\u00eb n\u00eb: <\/p>\n\n
- \n
- Kur b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb agjent kimik, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 CMR 1A ose 1B, ose pluhur total dhe t\u00eb thithsh\u00ebm, zbatimi i menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm i masave mbrojt\u00ebse<\/strong> (nenet R. 4412-28 dhe R. 4412-29),<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- N\u00eb rastin e nj\u00eb agjenti kimik t\u00eb klasifikuar si CMR kategoria 1A ose 1B, puna duhet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrpritet<\/strong> n\u00eb vendet e pun\u00ebs p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse derisa t\u00eb zbatohen masa p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar mbrojtjen e punonj\u00ebsve (nenet R. 4412-77 dhe R. 4412-78).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
Tejkalimi i nj\u00eb OEL-je rregullatore treguese duhet t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb vler\u00ebsim t\u00eb ri t\u00eb rrezikut<\/strong> , me q\u00ebllim p\u00ebrcaktimin e masave t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme parandaluese dhe mbrojt\u00ebse.<\/p>\n\n
\u00c7far\u00eb duhet b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00ebse tejkalohen OEL-t\u00eb n\u00eb kompani?<\/h2>\n\n
\n\n![\"vlep\"](\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/VLEP.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\nN\u00ebse VLEP n\u00eb fjal\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb rregullatore detyruese<\/strong> , zbatimi i menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm i masave parandaluese p\u00ebr ACD<\/strong> (Agjent\u00eb Kimik\u00eb t\u00eb Rreziksh\u00ebm) dhe mbyllja e plot\u00eb e stacioneve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs n\u00eb fjal\u00eb, deri n\u00eb zbatimin e masave dhe mbrojtjeve t\u00eb duhura p\u00ebr CMR<\/a><\/strong> .<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00ebse VLEP-i p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb rregullator tregues<\/strong> , pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi kryen nj\u00eb vler\u00ebsim t\u00eb rrezikut me q\u00ebllim p\u00ebrcaktimin e masave t\u00eb duhura parandaluese dhe mbrojt\u00ebse.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
\n
Lexoni gjithashtu: Cilat jan\u00eb rreziqet n\u00eb rast t\u00eb mosrespektimit t\u00eb VLEP-ve?<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n
Inspektori ose kontrollori i pun\u00ebs mund t’i k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb gjithashtu kompanis\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb kryej\u00eb nj\u00eb kontroll rregullator VLEP nga nj\u00eb organ i akredituar.<\/p>\n\n
Organi i akredituar do t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktoj\u00eb strategjin\u00eb e tij t\u00eb marrjes s\u00eb mostrave, e cila do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsoj\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb periudh\u00ebn gjat\u00eb s\u00eb cil\u00ebs punonj\u00ebsi \u00ebsht\u00eb i ekspozuar, me q\u00ebllim zbatimin e veprimeve korrigjuese t\u00eb cilat m\u00eb pas do t\u00eb monitorohen periodikisht.<\/p>\n\n
Gjat\u00eb fushat\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb matjeve (t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn tre matje p\u00ebr GEH – grup ekspozimi homogjen), n\u00ebse t\u00eb gjitha rezultatet jan\u00eb m\u00eb pak se 10% e OEL-s\u00eb s\u00eb caktuar, rreziku i tejkalimit \u00ebsht\u00eb zero dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e detyrueshme t\u00eb kryhen dy fushatat e tjera.<\/p>\n\n
N\u00ebse tejkalohen vlerat paraprake t\u00eb pun\u00ebs (OEL), duhet t\u00eb zbatohen veprime korrigjuese sa m\u00eb shpejt t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur dhe m\u00eb pas vler\u00ebsimi fillestar duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritet.<\/p>\n\n
N\u00ebse matja rezulton n\u00eb nj\u00eb rezultat midis 10% t\u00eb OEL-s\u00eb dhe OEL-s\u00eb<\/a> , fushata e matjes vazhdon. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb fushat\u00ebs s\u00eb tret\u00eb t\u00eb matjes, rezultatet e marra analizohen, ende n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb llogaritjeve statistikore. Prandaj, \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb nxirret p\u00ebrfundimi i probabilitetit t\u00eb tejkalimit t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre VLEP-ve dhe zbatimit t\u00eb parimeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb parandalimit. <\/p>\n\n
Pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi \u00ebsht\u00eb i detyruar t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb nj\u00eb inventar t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha produkteve kimike q\u00eb trajtohen brenda institucionit t\u00eb tij, t\u00eb vler\u00ebsoj\u00eb rrezikun dhe t\u00eb trajnoj\u00eb punonj\u00ebsit e tij. Duhet t\u00eb formalizoj\u00eb rezultatet sipas operatorit n\u00eb form\u00ebn e nj\u00eb flete ekspozimi nominale e cila rendit t\u00eb gjitha matjet dhe rezultatet. K\u00ebto formular\u00eb i jepen mjekut t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. T\u00eb gjitha garazhet, pastrimet kimike, punishtet e zdrukth\u00ebtaris\u00eb, nd\u00ebrmarrjet e vogla dhe t\u00eb mesme, grupet e m\u00ebdha, kompanit\u00eb e pastrimit etj. preken nga k\u00ebto tekste. <\/p>\n\n
Me \u00e7far\u00eb rreziqesh p\u00ebrballet nj\u00eb pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebs n\u00ebse nuk i p\u00ebrmbush k\u00ebto detyrime?<\/h2>\n\n
Pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi ka nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi t\u00eb madhe. Ai rrezikon nj\u00eb njoftim zyrtar nga inspektorati i pun\u00ebs, por mbi t\u00eb gjitha, n\u00ebse deklarohet nj\u00eb s\u00ebmundje profesionale, do t\u00eb ket\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi civile dhe penale p\u00ebr t\u00eb. <\/p>\n\n
Lista e agjent\u00ebve kimik\u00eb me nj\u00eb vler\u00eb kufitare rregullatore t\u00eb ekspozimit n\u00eb pun\u00eb (neni R. 4412-149 i kodit t\u00eb pun\u00ebs) <\/strong><\/p>\n\n
\n\n2-Butoksietil acetat<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2-Etoksietil acetat<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Acetat izopentili<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2-Metoksietil acetat<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2-Metoksi-1-metiletil acetat<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1-metilbutil acetat<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Acetat pentil<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Acetat vinili<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Aceton Acetonitril<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Acid hidrokianik<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Akrilat etili<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Akrilat metil<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Azbesti<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Amoniak anhidrik<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Azid natriumi<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Benzeni Bisfenol A (shtypni. Inh.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pije<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bromin<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bromometani (1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2-Butoksietanol<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Klor<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Klorobenzen<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Klorur hidrogjeni<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Klorur vinili<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kromi gjasht\u00ebvalent dhe p\u00ebrb\u00ebrjet e tij t\u00eb Cr (2014)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kumene<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Cikloheksan<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ciklohexanon<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1,2-diklorobenzen<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Diklorometan<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dietilamin\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N,N-Dimetilaketamide<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Triklorometan Trietilamin\u00eb<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1,2,3-Trimetilbenzen<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1,2,4-Trimetilbenzen<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\nDimetilamin\u00eb<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dimetilformamid<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1,4-Dioksan<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Etanolamin\u00eb<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2-Etoksietanol Etilamin\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Etilbenzen<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fibra qeramike kancerogjene zjarrduruese<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fluoridi i hidrogjenit<\/p>\n\n\n\n
n-Heptan<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2-Heptanon<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3-Heptanon<\/p>\n\n\n\n
n-Heksan<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fosfor hidrogjeni<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Metil izocianat<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Merkuri dhe komponimet inorganike bivalente<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Metil metakrilat<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Metanol<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2-Metoksietanol (2-metoksimetiletoksi)-propanol<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1-Metoksi-2-propanol<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Metil etil keton<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Metil izobutil keton<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Morfolin\u00eb<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dietil eter<\/p>\n\n\n\n
tert-Butil metil eter n-Pentan<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fenol<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fosgjen<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fosfor (pentaklorur) Plumb metalik dhe p\u00ebrb\u00ebrjet e tij, si Pb<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- N\u00eb rastin e nj\u00eb agjenti kimik t\u00eb klasifikuar si CMR kategoria 1A ose 1B, puna duhet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrpritet<\/strong> n\u00eb vendet e pun\u00ebs p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse derisa t\u00eb zbatohen masa p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar mbrojtjen e punonj\u00ebsve (nenet R. 4412-77 dhe R. 4412-78).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
- V\u00ebler\u00ebt minimale t\u00eb ekspozimit (OEL)<\/strong> tregues bazohen vet\u00ebm n\u00eb studime mjek\u00ebsore t\u00eb cilat lejojn\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktimin e nj\u00eb pragu t\u00eb qart\u00eb n\u00ebn t\u00eb cilin substanca nuk do t\u00eb paraqiste rrezik p\u00ebr sh\u00ebndetin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n