{"id":90373,"date":"2023-03-21T17:03:53","date_gmt":"2023-03-21T15:03:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/nase-rada\/comment-utiliser-la-lie-la-lse-le-domaine-dexplosivite-dune-substance-explosive\/"},"modified":"2025-04-25T10:15:57","modified_gmt":"2025-04-25T08:15:57","slug":"comment-utiliser-la-lie-la-lse-le-domaine-dexplosivite-dune-substance-explosive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sq\/keshilla-jone-sq\/comment-utiliser-la-lie-la-lse-le-domaine-dexplosivite-dune-substance-explosive\/","title":{"rendered":"Si t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim: LEL, UEL, diapazoni shp\u00ebrthyes i nj\u00eb l\u00ebnde shp\u00ebrthyese?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Si\u00e7 e kemi par\u00eb, LEL dhe LSE kufizojn\u00eb gam\u00ebn e eksploziv\u00ebve<\/strong> t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga t\u00eb gjitha p\u00ebrqendrimet shp\u00ebrthyese t\u00eb nj\u00eb l\u00ebnde shp\u00ebrthyese n\u00eb atmosfer\u00eb. P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar rrezikun, pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi do t\u00eb vler\u00ebsoj\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimin e l\u00ebnd\u00ebs shp\u00ebrthyese sipas sasis\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur dhe do ta krahasoj\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb me kufijt\u00eb e eksplozivit. Si mas\u00eb parandaluese, ai do t’i jap\u00eb vetes nj\u00eb diferenc\u00eb sigurie, pastaj do t\u00eb holloj\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimin t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn deri n\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimin e siguris\u00eb nga nj\u00eb sistem thithje\/filtrimi ATEX<\/strong> . <\/p>\n\n

LEL p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr t\u00eb lidhur rrezikun e shfaqjes s\u00eb ATEX me sasin\u00eb e produktit n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim.<\/h2>\n\n

Kufiri i ul\u00ebt i eksplozivit<\/strong> krahasohet me p\u00ebrqendrimet e l\u00ebnd\u00ebs shp\u00ebrthyese q\u00eb mund t\u00eb formoj\u00eb ATEX. K\u00ebto p\u00ebrqendrime varen nga shkalla e emetimit t\u00eb substancave shp\u00ebrthyese. Vet\u00eb rezulton nga sasia e produkteve t\u00eb pranishme n\u00eb situat\u00ebn operative t\u00eb studiuar. Pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi do t\u00eb vler\u00ebsoj\u00eb k\u00ebto p\u00ebrqendrime p\u00ebr skenar\u00eb t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm trajnimi ATEX<\/strong> . <\/p>\n\n

\"kufiri<\/figure>\n\n

Nj\u00eb shembull teorik: ai i nj\u00eb skenari ATEX t\u00eb rrjedhjes s\u00eb gazit<\/a> nga nj\u00eb tub. Shkalla e rrjedhjes n\u00eb tub varet nga shkalla e emetimit t\u00eb produktit t\u00eb ndezsh\u00ebm n\u00eb atmosfer\u00ebn e ambientit. Nga i cili rezulton llogaritja e gradient\u00ebve t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimit n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e pun\u00ebs. Vlerat e p\u00ebrqendrimit vendosen n\u00eb raport me diapazonin e eksplozivit<\/strong> . Nga kjo ne nxjerrim shkall\u00ebn e rrezikut ATEX. Vler\u00ebsohet q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebria e k\u00ebtij rreziku, n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb pozicionit n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e pun\u00ebs. M\u00eb pas p\u00ebrcaktohen zonat ATEX. S\u00eb fundi, zbatohen masa parandaluese, si thithja dhe filtrimi i gazit t\u00eb ndezsh\u00ebm<\/strong> . Shkalla e rrjedh\u00ebs s\u00eb thithjes merr parasysh shkall\u00ebn e mundshme t\u00eb rrjedhjes s\u00eb gazit t\u00eb ndezsh\u00ebm. <\/p>\n\n

Nj\u00eb shembull i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb: n\u00eb vitin 2011 nj\u00eb rezervuar letre 1000 m3<\/sup> , 95% e mbushur, shp\u00ebrtheu n\u00eb Nogent sur Seine, duke vrar\u00eb nj\u00eb person. Pulpa e letr\u00ebs l\u00ebshoi \u200b\u200bhidrogjen n\u00eb atmosfer\u00ebn e en\u00ebs. Shkalla e emetimit p\u00ebr nj\u00ebsi t\u00eb mas\u00ebs s\u00eb that\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb 20 dm 3<\/sup> n\u00eb or\u00eb (thar\u00ebsia e past\u00ebs 10%). Me k\u00ebt\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsi rrjedhjeje, LEL arrihet pas 1.6 or\u00ebsh. Hidrogjeni p\u00ebrzihet me atmosfer\u00ebn e rezervuarit p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar nj\u00eb ATEX<\/strong> . Pas k\u00ebtij shp\u00ebrthimi, pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi i pajisi rezervuar\u00ebt me ventilim vertikal p\u00ebr t\u00eb holluar hidrogjenin n\u00eb atmosfer\u00eb sapo ai lirohej duke hapur pjes\u00ebn e sip\u00ebrme t\u00eb rezervuarit.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n

Gama e eksploziv\u00ebve, LEL, UEL, japin informacion mbi formimin e ATEX dhe shkall\u00ebn e rrezikut t\u00eb shp\u00ebrthimit t\u00eb lidhur me produktin.<\/h2>\n\n

LIE dhe LSE p\u00ebrcaktojn\u00eb amplituda e gam\u00ebs s\u00eb eksploziv\u00ebve<\/strong> , diapazonet e poshtme dhe t\u00eb sip\u00ebrme t\u00eb eksploziv\u00ebve (vargjet e p\u00ebrqendrimeve jo-shp\u00ebrthyese t\u00eb nj\u00eb l\u00ebnde shp\u00ebrthyese). Pasoja: ato japin informacion si p\u00ebr probabilitetin e ndezjes dhe shp\u00ebrthimit t\u00eb ATEX, ashtu edhe p\u00ebr mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e formimit t\u00eb ATEX. <\/p>\n\n

K\u00ebshtu, sa m\u00eb i gjer\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb diapazoni i eksploziv\u00ebve<\/strong> , aq m\u00eb i vog\u00ebl \u00ebsht\u00eb diapazoni i p\u00ebrqendrimeve jo-shp\u00ebrthyese. Prandaj, ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb q\u00eb nj\u00eb emetim i l\u00ebnd\u00ebs shp\u00ebrthyese t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrim brenda rrezes s\u00eb eksplozivit<\/strong> . <\/p>\n\n

P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, sa m\u00eb i gjer\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb diapazoni i p\u00ebrqendrimeve t\u00eb eksploziv\u00ebve<\/strong> , aq m\u00eb i madh \u00ebsht\u00eb probabiliteti i rrezikut t\u00eb shp\u00ebrthimit. (Vini re se probabiliteti i rrezikut t\u00eb shp\u00ebrthimit varet nga faktor\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb q\u00eb lidhen me atmosfer\u00ebn dhe mjedisin industrial.) Kur masa parandaluese e rekomanduar<\/strong> \u00ebsht\u00eb filtrimi me thithje, shpejt\u00ebsia e rrjedhjes s\u00eb thithjes s\u00eb ATEX<\/strong> varet pjes\u00ebrisht nga p\u00ebrqendrimi i l\u00ebnd\u00ebs shp\u00ebrthyese n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb atmosfer\u00eb. (Vini re se p\u00ebrqendrimi i l\u00ebnd\u00ebs shp\u00ebrthyese nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb faktori i vet\u00ebm q\u00eb p\u00ebrcakton shkall\u00ebn e rrjedh\u00ebs s\u00eb thithjes q\u00eb k\u00ebrkohet p\u00ebr t\u00eb garantuar sigurin\u00eb e zon\u00ebs.) <\/p>\n\n

\"Gama<\/figure>\n\n

P\u00ebr shembull, diapazoni shp\u00ebrthyes i hidrogjenit<\/strong> \u00ebsht\u00eb 71 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindjeje (4% deri n\u00eb 75% t\u00eb v\u00ebllimit n\u00eb aj\u00ebr), nd\u00ebrsa propani \u00ebsht\u00eb 7,8 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje (2,2% deri n\u00eb 10% n\u00eb v\u00ebllim n\u00eb aj\u00ebr); ose rreth 10 her\u00eb m\u00eb pak. Pra, mund\u00ebsit\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar situata shp\u00ebrthyese jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha me hidrogjenin. <\/p>\n\n

Dhe koha e hollimit t\u00eb ATEX me thithje<\/strong> p\u00ebr t\u00eb reduktuar rrezikun ATEX do t\u00eb jet\u00eb edhe m\u00eb e gjat\u00eb pasi substanca \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrim shp\u00ebrthyes af\u00ebr kufirit t\u00eb sip\u00ebrm<\/strong> t\u00eb diapazonit t\u00eb eksploziv\u00ebve.<\/p>\n\n

P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, p\u00ebr t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn amplitud\u00eb t\u00eb gam\u00ebs s\u00eb eksplozivit<\/strong> , sa m\u00eb i ul\u00ebt t\u00eb jet\u00eb LEL (ose sa m\u00eb i lart\u00eb UEL n\u00eb rastin e nj\u00eb atmosfere t\u00eb varf\u00ebruar nga oksigjeni), aq m\u00eb shum\u00eb zvog\u00eblohet diapazoni i posht\u00ebm (ose i sip\u00ebrm) i eksplozivit. Si rezultat, kalimi nga nj\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrim jo shp\u00ebrthyes<\/strong> n\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrim shp\u00ebrthyes \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i shpejt\u00eb. Prandaj, sa m\u00eb i ul\u00ebt t\u00eb jet\u00eb LEL, aq m\u00eb i lart\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb rreziku i formimit t\u00eb ATEX. <\/p>\n\n

\"Gama<\/figure>\n\n

P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00ebse situata fillestare \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb atmosfer\u00eb pa substanca t\u00eb djegshme<\/strong> , at\u00ebher\u00eb propani (LEL = 2.2%) paraqet nj\u00eb rrezik m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb formimit t\u00eb ATEX-it sesa hidrogjeni (LEL = 4.4%). Por rreziku i ndezjes dhe shp\u00ebrthimit \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i ul\u00ebt.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n

N\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e kushteve t\u00eb funksionimit, \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e leht\u00eb t\u00eb mbahet p\u00ebrqendrimi n\u00ebn LEL.<\/strong> P\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur k\u00ebt\u00eb, masa e zakonshme parandaluese \u00ebsht\u00eb thithja\/filtrimi i substancave t\u00eb djegshme. Sa m\u00eb i ul\u00ebt t\u00eb jet\u00eb LEL, aq m\u00eb i lart\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb shkalla e rrjedhjes s\u00eb thithjes<\/strong> , ose p\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebtuar nga diapazoni i eksploziv\u00ebve ose p\u00ebr t\u00eb zvog\u00ebluar p\u00ebrqendrimet e eksplozivit<\/strong> derisa substanca t\u00eb eliminohet n\u00eb atmosfer\u00eb. <\/p>\n\n

P\u00ebrkundrazi, disa procese industriale k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb mbajtjen e produktit shp\u00ebrthyes n\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrim mbi UEL<\/strong> . P\u00ebr shembull, proceset e pastrimit q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb zhytjen n\u00eb nj\u00eb tret\u00ebs t\u00eb ndezsh\u00ebm dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb atmosfer\u00eb t\u00eb mbyllur. <\/p>\n\n

Gama e eksploziv\u00ebve p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb nj\u00eb diferenc\u00eb sigurie p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar formimin e ATEX.<\/h2>\n\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur formimin e ATEX-it<\/strong> , \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbahet p\u00ebrqendrimi i gazit ose avullit jasht\u00eb kufijve t\u00eb eksploziv\u00ebve. N\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb kushteve t\u00eb ambientit, nj\u00eb atmosfer\u00eb shp\u00ebrthyese do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet pak a shum\u00eb homogjene n\u00eb produktet e djegshme<\/strong> . P\u00ebr shembull, pas turbulenc\u00ebs, zona t\u00eb caktuara t\u00eb konsideruara jo-ATEX mund t\u00eb fitojn\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrim shp\u00ebrthyes. <\/p>\n\n

K\u00ebshtu, p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar rreziqet ATEX, pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi do t\u00eb marr\u00eb nj\u00eb diferenc\u00eb sigurie n\u00eb vlerat e pragut t\u00eb eksplozivit<\/strong> . P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje, rregulloret e ATEX rekomandojn\u00eb vendosjen e p\u00ebrqendrimit n\u00eb 10% n\u00ebn LEL, si minimum, n\u00eb vendin e pun\u00ebs ku mund t\u00eb formohet ATEX. Dhe n\u00ebn pragun 25% n\u00eb ambiente t\u00eb tjera. [i]<\/a><\/p>\n\n

\n\n

[i]<\/a> Qarkorja e dat\u00ebs 09\/05\/85 n\u00eb lidhje me komentin teknik t\u00eb dekreteve nr.<\/sup> 84-1093 dhe 84-1094 t\u00eb dat\u00ebs 7\/12\/1984 n\u00eb lidhje me ajrosjen dhe kanalizimin e vendeve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Si\u00e7 e kemi par\u00eb, LEL dhe LSE kufizojn\u00eb gam\u00ebn e eksploziv\u00ebve t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga t\u00eb gjitha p\u00ebrqendrimet shp\u00ebrthyese t\u00eb nj\u00eb l\u00ebnde shp\u00ebrthyese n\u00eb atmosfer\u00eb. P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar rrezikun, pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi do t\u00eb vler\u00ebsoj\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimin e l\u00ebnd\u00ebs shp\u00ebrthyese sipas sasis\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur dhe do ta krahasoj\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb me kufijt\u00eb e eksplozivit. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":90164,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"M\u00ebnyra e p\u00ebrdorimit: LEL, UEL, varg substancash shp\u00ebrthyese","_seopress_titles_desc":"Zbuloni p\u00ebrdorimet e kufirit t\u00eb posht\u00ebm t\u00eb eksploziv\u00ebve, kufirit t\u00eb sip\u00ebrm t\u00eb eksploziv\u00ebve dhe diapazonit t\u00eb eksploziv\u00ebve t\u00eb nj\u00eb l\u00ebnde shp\u00ebrthyese.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[312],"tags":[116],"class_list":["post-90373","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-keshilla-jone-sq","tag-koka-e-vogel","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","no-featured-image-padding","resize-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90373","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=90373"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90373\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":90385,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90373\/revisions\/90385"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/90164"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=90373"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=90373"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=90373"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}