{"id":52664,"date":"2024-03-25T15:20:08","date_gmt":"2024-03-25T13:20:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/conseils\/endustriyel-sureclerde-vocler-hangi-azaltma-stratejisi\/"},"modified":"2025-04-15T11:32:14","modified_gmt":"2025-04-15T09:32:14","slug":"cov-processus-industriels-quelle-strategie-attenuation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/bizim-tavsiyemiz\/cov-processus-industriels-quelle-strategie-attenuation\/","title":{"rendered":"End\u00fcstriyel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde VOC&#8217;ler. Hangi azaltma stratejisi?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>U\u00e7ucu organik bile\u015fikler (VOC<\/strong> &#8216;ler) ve kokular \u00e7e\u015fitli end\u00fcstriyel prosesler taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilebilir. Bu proseslerden kaynaklanan potansiyel VOC emisyon kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi, etkili azaltma stratejilerinin geli\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. <\/p>\n\n<p>End\u00fcstride kullan\u0131lan maddeler aras\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle solventler VOC yaymaktad\u0131r. End\u00fcstriyel bir s\u00fcre\u00e7te hammadde veya malzeme olarak t\u00fcketilecek <strong>\u00fcr\u00fcnlerin bile\u015fiminde<\/strong> kullan\u0131l\u0131rlar; \u00f6rne\u011fin: boya, m\u00fcrekkep, vernik, boya s\u00f6k\u00fcc\u00fcler, temizlik \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, <strong>bitki sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnleri<\/strong>, kozmetikler vb.   <\/p>\n\n<p>T\u00fcm end\u00fcstriyel sekt\u00f6rler, s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015flemlerinde <strong>VOC yayan<\/strong> solventler kullanmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin : <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Y\u00fczeylerin veya \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin temizlenmesi ve dezenfekte edilmesi: zemin, ekipman, giysi vb.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Metal ve plastik par\u00e7alar\u0131n ya\u011fdan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 &#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tutkal, boya vb. kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zer ve s\u0131y\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn seyreltilmesi: matbaac\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan m\u00fcrekkepler, ressamlar taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan boyalar, tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri vb.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kimyasal bile\u015fikleri ay\u0131klamak, ay\u0131rmak, sentezlemek ve safla\u015ft\u0131rmak<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Sizi end\u00fcstriyel proseslerde <strong>VOC&#8217;leri en aza indirmeye y\u00f6nelik uygulamalara <\/strong>g\u00f6z atmaya davet ediyoruz.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">End\u00fcstriyel proseslerde VOC&#8217;lerin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik genel uygulamalar<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong> End\u00fcstriyel bir proseste VOC varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak<\/strong> i\u00e7in sanayi sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki baz\u0131 yayg\u0131n uygulamalar \u015funlard\u0131r<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kaynakta bir<strong> VOC ekstraksiyon sistemi <\/strong>ve bir ar\u0131tma sistemi kurun. \u00d6rne\u011fin, VOC&#8217;lerin ortam havas\u0131ndaki da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 en aza indirmek i\u00e7in emi\u015f davlumbazlar\u0131 ve <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/produits\/traitement-cov\/filtre-atex-mobile-mobfan-4500\/\">aktif karbon \u00fczerinde adsorpsiyon<\/a> yoluyla havay\u0131 ar\u0131tan bir filtre kullan\u0131labilir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>End\u00fcstriyel s\u00fcre\u00e7 izin verdi\u011finde, VOC i\u00e7eren \u00fcr\u00fcnleri daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck VOC i\u00e7eri\u011fine sahip alternatif maddelerle de\u011fi\u015ftirin. Bunu yapmak i\u00e7in, \u00f6ncelikle end\u00fcstriyel sahadaki belirli VOC kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi ve de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekir <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VOC emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 en aza indirmek i\u00e7in<strong> end\u00fcstriyel s\u00fcreci<\/strong> optimize edin (\u00fcretim parametrelerini ayarlay\u0131n, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 optimize edin, vb.)  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>End\u00fcstriyel ekipman\u0131 VOC s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak kontrol edin.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>At\u0131k y\u00f6netimi uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> VOC emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun. Bu, kapal\u0131 kaplar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, solventlerin geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesini ve at\u0131klar\u0131n uygun \u015fekilde bertaraf edilmesini i\u00e7erebilir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VOC konsantrasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmek i\u00e7in bir <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/bizim-tavsiyemiz\/quelles-sources-cov-contribuent-degrader-qualite-air-site-industriel\/\">hava kalitesi izleme sistemi <\/a>kurun (\u00f6rn. elektronik burun)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>End\u00fcstriyel tesisin<\/strong> VOC emisyonlar\u0131 ile ilgili y\u00f6netmeliklerin getirdi\u011fi standartlara ve s\u0131n\u0131rlara uygun oldu\u011fundan emin olun.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Personelin VOC&#8217;larla ili\u015fkili riskler konusunda fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u015eirketler bu en iyi uygulamalar\u0131 benimseyerek VOC emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmaya,<strong> end\u00fcstriyel kokular\u0131 kontrol<\/strong> etmeye ve i\u00e7 mekan hava kalitesini iyile\u015ftirmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir ve hem \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na hem de \u00e7evreye fayda sa\u011flayabilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>\u00dcreticiler bu uygulamalar\u0131 benimseyerek daha az VOC yayacak ve <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/bizim-tavsiyemiz\/quels-procedes-ameliorent-qualite-air-eliminant-cov\/\">ortam hava kalitesini iyile\u015ftirecek<\/a>, bu da hem <strong>\u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n<\/strong> sa\u011fl\u0131k ve <strong>g\u00fcvenli\u011fine<\/strong> hem de \u00e7evreye fayda sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"213\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-11-1-1024x213.jpg\" alt=\"isimsiz tasar&#x131;m 11 1\" class=\"wp-image-30157\" style=\"width:1073px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-11-1-1024x213.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-11-1-300x63.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-11-1-768x160.jpg 768w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-11-1-1536x320.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-11-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Belirli end\u00fcstriyel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerden yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0130\u015fte VOC ve koku \u00fcretebilen <strong>baz\u0131 end\u00fcstriyel prosesler<\/strong> ve bunlarla ilgili azaltma stratejileri.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">End\u00fcstriyel bask\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde hangi VOC&#8217;ler yay\u0131l\u0131r ve hangi azaltma stratejileri kullan\u0131labilir?  <\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Grav\u00fcr bask\u0131 i\u015fleminden yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler  <\/h4>\n\n<p><strong>Katalog s\u00fcreli yay\u0131nlar\u0131<\/strong> veya seri \u00fcretilen karton ambalajlar (\u00f6rne\u011fin sigara ambalaj\u0131, \u015fekerleme, s\u0131v\u0131lar, vb.) i\u00e7in bu \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek hacimli bask\u0131 i\u015flemi, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olarak toluen kullan\u0131r. M\u00fcrekkeplerin form\u00fclasyonunda yer alan veya m\u00fcrekkepleri seyreltmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan aromatik bir VOC&#8217;dir. Bask\u0131 \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecinde kullan\u0131lan toluenin %95&#8217;inden fazlas\u0131 ortam havas\u0131nda bulunur; ve kullan\u0131lan toluenin %5&#8217;inden az\u0131<strong> ka\u011f\u0131t liflerinde<\/strong> bulunur (ANESM 2012). Ambalaj grav\u00fcr bask\u0131s\u0131, <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/bizim-tavsiyemiz\/cov-aspiration-vapeurs-solvants\/\">oksijenli VOC (ester, alkol, keton) yayan solventler<\/a> kullanma e\u011filimindedir.     <\/p>\n\n<p>Buna ek olarak,<strong> bask\u0131 ve kurutma i\u015flemlerinin<\/strong> sonunda VOC&#8217;ler yay\u0131l\u0131r: VOC i\u00e7eren at\u0131k sular, yeniden kullan\u0131m veya sat\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in geri kazan\u0131lan solvent, i\u015flem veya solvent geri kazan\u0131m sistemi taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler.  <\/p>\n\n<p><em>Grav\u00fcr bask\u0131 i\u00e7in VOC azaltma stratejisi<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Toluen m\u00fcrekkebi ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda film olu\u015fum h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 azaltan bir tutucu m\u00fcrekkep kullan\u0131m\u0131. VOC emisyonlar\u0131 daha sonra kurutma \u00fcnitesinde yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve burada yakalanarak ar\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r.   <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-13-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"isimsiz tasar&#x131;m 13\" class=\"wp-image-30163\" style=\"width:401px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-13-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-13-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-13-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-13-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/design-sans-titre-13.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ofset bask\u0131 i\u015fleminden yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler  <\/h4>\n\n<p>Bu bask\u0131 s\u00fcreci b\u00fcy\u00fck hacimli kitaplar, dergiler ve kataloglar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bask\u0131 s\u00fcrecinin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda, VOC&#8217;ler m\u00fcrekkepler, f\u0131skiye \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi (izopropanol i\u00e7eren) ve katk\u0131 maddeleri taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131l\u0131r.<strong>Bask\u0131<\/strong> s\u0131ras\u0131nda,<strong>izopropanol da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k olarak yay\u0131l\u0131r<\/strong>. Bask\u0131n\u0131n kurutulmas\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda VOC yayar. Buna ek olarak, bask\u0131daki m\u00fcrekkep VOC&#8217;leri hafif\u00e7e yayabilir. Bask\u0131 s\u00fcrecinin sonunda, kal\u0131plar ve silindirler temizlendi\u011finde, kullan\u0131lan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler \u00e7ok az miktarda VOC yayar (alifatik, siklik ve\/veya naftenik hidrokarbonlar (white spirit, nafta, vb.).     <\/p>\n\n<p><em>Ofset yaz\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in VOC azaltma stratejisi<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p><strong> F\u0131r\u0131nda kayna\u011f\u0131nda yakalama<\/strong> ve VOC i\u00e7eren gazl\u0131 at\u0131klar\u0131n ar\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 ilk \u00f6nleyici tedbirdir.  <\/p>\n\n<p>F\u0131skiye \u00e7\u00f6zeltisine glikol eterlerin (%1 ila %5) eklenmesi izopropanol oran\u0131n\u0131 yar\u0131ya indirebilir (%10&#8217;dan %5&#8217;e) ve b\u00f6ylece tesisten kaynaklanan VOC emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 %40&#8217;a kadar azaltabilir. Ancak glikol eterler, baz\u0131lar\u0131 toksik olan VOC&#8217;lerdir. <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>U\u00e7ucu solventler <\/strong>, ekipman ve malzemeleri temizlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde de <strong>k\u0131smen veya tamamen de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir <\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fleksografik bask\u0131 i\u015fleminden yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler<\/h4>\n\n<p>Fleksografi, <strong>d\u00f6ner bir<\/strong> bask\u0131 makinesinde <strong>esnek bir fotopolimer plaka<\/strong> kullanan bir kabartma bask\u0131 i\u015flemidir. Bu i\u015flem s\u00fcrekli bir m\u00fcrekkep pedi gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve esnek ambalajlar (oluklu veya d\u00fcz karton, plastik filmler, reklam po\u015fetleri), yap\u0131\u015fkan etiketler, metal ambalajlar vb. basmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. Fleksografide kullan\u0131lan ve VOC yayan solventler alkoller, asetatlar ve glikol eterlerdir.    <\/p>\n\n<p><em>Fleksografi i\u00e7in VOC azaltma stratejisi<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Su bazl\u0131 m\u00fcrekkeplerin (%5 ila 20 solvent i\u00e7erebilir) veya UV m\u00fcrekkeplerin (bask\u0131 makinelerinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gerekir) kullan\u0131lmas\u0131. Kalan solventler<strong> kayna\u011f\u0131nda yakalanmal\u0131 <\/strong>ve aktif karbon ile ar\u0131t\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tipo bask\u0131dan yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler<\/h4>\n\n<p>Tipo bask\u0131, bir metni olu\u015fturan kabart\u0131lm\u0131\u015f karakterlerin ka\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerine bas\u0131lmas\u0131ndan olu\u015fan bir bask\u0131 i\u015flemidir.<strong>Tipo<\/strong> bask\u0131, bro\u015f\u00fcrler, el ilanlar\u0131 ve idari belgeler gibi 20.000 ila 30.000 kopya aras\u0131nda bask\u0131ya sahip belgeler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler ve incelticiler taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler \u015funlard\u0131r: hidrokarbonlar (terebentin, toluen, ksilen, vb.), klorlu bile\u015fikler ve etil alkol.  <\/p>\n\n<p><em>Tipo bask\u0131 i\u00e7in VOC azaltma stratejisi<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck VOC&#8217;li m\u00fcrekkeplerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131,<strong>kaynak yakalama <\/strong>ve filtreleme<strong>sisteminin kurulmas\u0131 <\/strong>ve VOC yayan bask\u0131 at\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netimi, tipo bask\u0131 s\u00fcreci i\u00e7in azaltma stratejilerinin<strong>bir <\/strong>par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Serigrafi bask\u0131da yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler<\/h4>\n\n<p>M\u00fcrekkep emdirilmi\u015f tekstil \u015fablonlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir bask\u0131 <strong>i\u015flemi<\/strong> olan serigrafi, her seferinde uygun bir m\u00fcrekkep kullan\u0131larak ka\u011f\u0131t, karton, kuma\u015f, ah\u015fap, metal, plastik vb. \u00fczerine bask\u0131 yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. Ana kullan\u0131c\u0131lar grafik end\u00fcstrisi (reklam, tabela, g\u00fczel sanatlar, vb.), elektronik (bask\u0131l\u0131 devreler) ve zemin ve duvar kaplamalar\u0131d\u0131r. Serigrafi bask\u0131dan yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler \u00e7e\u015fitlidir: aromatik VOC&#8217;ler (trimetilbenzen, toluen, ksilen), alisiklik VOC&#8217;ler (siklohekzan), oksijenli VOC&#8217;ler (alkoller, ketonlar, esterler). Bunlar, temizlik \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde m\u00fcrekkebin<strong>i\u00e7erdi\u011fi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn<\/strong> (%65&#8217;e kadar)<strong>buharla\u015fmas\u0131ndan<\/strong> kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r.   <\/p>\n\n<p><em>Serigrafi bask\u0131 i\u00e7in VOC azaltma stratejisi<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Su bazl\u0131 m\u00fcrekkeplerin ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck VOC emisyonlu m\u00fcrekkep s\u00f6k\u00fcc\u00fclerin (\u00f6rne\u011fin soya metil esteri) kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131 azalt\u0131r. \u015eablonlar\u0131 ve m\u00fcrekkepleri haz\u0131rlarken, bask\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, bask\u0131lar\u0131 aktar\u0131rken ve kuruturken ve \u015fablonlar\u0131 temizlerken VOC&#8217;leri kayna\u011f\u0131nda yakalamak \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. VOC<strong> yayan at\u0131klar\u0131n havaland\u0131rmal\u0131 kutularda depolanmas\u0131<\/strong> VOC azaltma sistemini tamamlar.    <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">End\u00fcstriyel kaplama s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde hangi VOC&#8217;ler yay\u0131l\u0131r ve azaltma stratejileri nelerdir?<\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Otomotiv \u00fcretiminde boya proseslerinden yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler<\/h4>\n\n<p>Otomotiv \u00fcretiminde, boya <strong>uygulama s\u00fcreci<\/strong> VOC yayan birka\u00e7 a\u015famadan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. &#8220;Astar&#8221; katlar elektroforez ile uygulan\u0131r. Sonraki astar (solvent i\u00e7eri\u011fi: %37 ila 60), baz (%75), lake (%60 ila 70) veya vernik (%60) katlar\u0131 genellikle p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtme yoluyla uygulan\u0131r, ard\u0131ndan temizleme ve kurutma i\u015flemleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. <strong>Farkl\u0131 kaplamalarda bulunan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler <\/strong>taraf\u0131ndan her a\u015famada yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler \u015funlard\u0131r: white spirit (bir grup alifatik hidrokarbon), izopropanol, benzil alkol, etanol ve aseton.     <\/p>\n\n<p><em>Otomotiv \u00fcretiminde kaplama prosesleri i\u00e7in VOC azaltma stratejisi<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Gaz halindeki at\u0131klar\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131nda yakalanarak ar\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle aktif karbon kullan\u0131larak VOC&#8217;lerin filtrelenmesi, <strong>\u00f6nlemenin temelini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r<\/strong>. P\u00fcsk\u00fcrtme ve temizleme i\u015flemleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda solvent t\u00fcketimini azaltan kaplama uygulama tekniklerinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00fcretimin solvent t\u00fcketimini ve geri kazan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azaltacak \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenmesi, su bazl\u0131 veya toz boyalar\u0131n tercih edilmesi ve <strong>su bazl\u0131 boy<\/strong> alar s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda solventsiz temizlik \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 bu sekt\u00f6rdeki t\u00fcm azaltma stratejileridir. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Di\u011fer end\u00fcstriyel kaplama s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler (otomotiv \u00fcretimi hari\u00e7)<\/h4>\n\n<p>Bunlar <strong>boya<\/strong>, cila veya vernik plastik, metal, tekstil, seramik, cam vb. \u00fczerine uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;lerdir. Solvent i\u00e7eren \u00fcr\u00fcnler (%30 ila 80) alt tabakay\u0131 temizlemek, kaplamay\u0131 uygulamak ve kurutmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.   <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong> Metal kaplamada kullan\u0131lan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir: b\u00fctil asetat ve ksilen (seyreltme i\u00e7in); metil etil keton, aseton, toluen (temizleme i\u00e7in) ve ayr\u0131ca benzen, formaldehit vb.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Plastiklerde,<strong> kaplama ve temizleme i\u015flemleri<\/strong> b\u00fctil asetat, ksilen, metil izob\u00fctil keton, izobutanol ve formaldehit gibi VOC&#8217;ler<strong> yayar<\/strong>.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tekstillerde yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler metil etil keton, toluen ve perkloroetilendir.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Di\u011fer alt tabakalarda, <strong>yay\u0131lan ana VOC<\/strong> &#8216;ler b\u00fctil asetat ve ksilen&#8217;dir.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p><em>End\u00fcstriyel kaplama prosesleri i\u00e7in VOC azaltma stratejisi<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Ana azalt\u0131m \u00f6nlemi olan VOC&#8217;lerin kayna\u011f\u0131nda yakalanmas\u0131 <strong>ve ar\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n <\/strong>yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, VOC&#8217;lerin kayna\u011f\u0131nda azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 bir stratejidir. Bu, VOC emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltan p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtme tekniklerinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, daha az VOC i\u00e7eren \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin (y\u00fcksek kat\u0131l\u0131, su bazl\u0131 veya toz boyalar) kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve daha az <strong>solvent kullanan<\/strong> temizlik tekniklerini i\u00e7erir. <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Otomobil karoseri sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler<\/h4>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/design-sans-titre-12-edited.jpg\" alt=\"isimsiz tasar&#x131;m 12\" class=\"wp-image-36041\" style=\"width:349px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/design-sans-titre-12-edited.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/design-sans-titre-12-edited-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/design-sans-titre-12-edited-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/design-sans-titre-12-edited-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Bunlar, <strong>r\u00f6tu\u015flanacak veya yeniden boyanacak kaportaya<\/strong> boya ve vernik uygulanmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve temizlik \u00fcr\u00fcnleri taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;lerdir. Bunlar \u00e7o\u011funlukla aromatik ve alifatik hidrokarbon VOC&#8217;ler ve oksijenli VOC&#8217;lerdir (alkoller, ketonlar, esterler). <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"><em>\u00dcstyap\u0131 tamirat\u0131 i\u00e7in VOC azaltma stratejisi<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Boya kabinlerinde kaynakta yakalama, ard\u0131ndan at\u00f6lyenin y\u00fczey alan\u0131na ve kullan\u0131lan solvent miktar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak<strong> emisyon s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferlerine <\/strong>uymak i\u00e7in harici de\u015farjdan \u00f6nce ar\u0131tma, ana azaltma \u00f6nlemi olmaya devam etmektedir. Boya t\u00fcketimini ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla VOC emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltan p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtme tekniklerinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck VOC emisyonlar\u0131na sahip \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 (y\u00fcksek kat\u0131 maddeli boya, su bazl\u0131 boya veya vernik, UV vernik) ve<strong> VOC em<\/strong> isyonlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltan temizleme teknikleri, karoseri sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde en yayg\u0131n azalt\u0131m stratejileridir. <\/p>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Boyalar, vernikler, m\u00fcrekkepler ve yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde hangi VOC&#8217;ler sal\u0131nmaktad\u0131r ve azaltma stratejileri nelerdir?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Bu maddelerin form\u00fclasyon bile\u015fenleri,<strong> toz halindeki malzemelerden ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerden<\/strong> s\u0131v\u0131 halde haz\u0131rlan\u0131r ve depolan\u0131r. Bile\u015fenler daha sonra gerekli dozlarda da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r ve bitmi\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu sanayi sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olarak yakla\u015f\u0131k 200 VOC kullan\u0131labilmektedir. Boya, vernik ve m\u00fcrekkep \u00fcretim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler aras\u0131nda alifatik ve aromatik hidrokarbonlar, ksilen, toluen, diklorometan, esterler ve alkoller bulunmaktad\u0131r. <strong>Tutkal ve jelatin \u00fcretim s\u00fcre\u00e7leri<\/strong> i\u00e7in ana VOC&#8217;ler metil etil keton, etil asetat ve hidrokarbonlard\u0131r.    <\/p>\n\n<p><em>Boyalar, vernikler, m\u00fcrekkepler ve yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in VOC azaltma stratejisi<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>\u0130lk \u00f6nlem, VOC i\u00e7eren gaz halindeki at\u0131klar\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131nda yakalanmas\u0131 ve ar\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin,<strong> mobil aktif karbon filtrelerinin <\/strong>kullan\u0131m\u0131, \u00fcretim ko\u015fullar\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fikliklere son derece uyarlanabilir. VOC emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmaya y\u00f6nelik stratejiler aras\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck solvent i\u00e7erikli (su bazl\u0131 veya y\u00fcksek kat\u0131 maddeli \u00fcr\u00fcnler) veya solvent i\u00e7ermeyen ikame \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 yer almaktad\u0131r. <strong>Temizlik \u00fcr\u00fcnleri<\/strong> i\u00e7in \u00fcreticiler organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin yerine 80\u00b0C&#8217;ye kadar \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ancak y\u0131kama suyunun ar\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren sulu soda ve potas \u00e7\u00f6zeltileri kullanabilir.   <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kaplama \u00fcretim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde hangi VOC&#8217;ler yay\u0131l\u0131r ve azaltma stratejileri nelerdir?<\/h3>\n\n<p>VOC&#8217;ler, kaplama y\u00fczeyini kaplayacak olan solvent bazl\u0131 yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar ve kullan\u0131lan incelticiler yoluyla bir yap\u0131\u015fkan kaplama<strong> i\u015flemine<\/strong> girer. Kurutma i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda VOC emisyonlar\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. Ba\u015fl\u0131ca t\u00fcrleri \u015funlard\u0131r    <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar (yap\u0131\u015fkan bantlar, etiketler, vb.) yapmak, zemin ve duvar kaplamalar\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak, PVC kaplamay\u0131 ah\u015fap panellere uygulamak vb. i\u00e7in <strong>akrilik tutkallar<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Otomotiv end\u00fcstrisinde (\u00f6n camlar, vb.), in\u015faat end\u00fcstrisinde (drenaj borular\u0131, vb.) PVC par\u00e7alar\u0131 yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan <strong>vinil yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ambalaj, teksti\u0307l ve ayakkabi end\u00fcstri\u0307leri\u0307 i\u0307\u00e7i\u0307n <strong>poli\u0307\u00fcretan yap<\/strong> i\u015ftiricilar<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>otomotiv, ayakkab\u0131 ve in\u015faat sekt\u00f6rleri i\u00e7in <strong>neopren yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>End\u00fcstriyel yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kaplama i\u015flemleri ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u015fu VOC&#8217;leri yayar: metil etil keton, dimetil etil keton, b\u00fctil asetat, etil asetat, etil benzen, toluen ve ksilen.<\/p>\n\n<p><em>Yap\u0131\u015fkan kaplamalar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde VOC azaltma stratejisi<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Kurutma i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda, VOC emisyonlar\u0131 kayna\u011f\u0131nda yakalan\u0131r ve daha sonra aktif karbon kullan\u0131larak filtrelenir, b\u00f6ylece<strong> atmosfere em<\/strong>isyonlar \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalt\u0131l\u0131r. VOC emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmaya y\u00f6nelik di\u011fer teknikler, yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi tutkal \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131lanlarla ayn\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">End\u00fcstriyel ila\u00e7 \u00fcretim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler nelerdir ve hangi azaltma stratejileri kullan\u0131labilir?<\/h3>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/industrie-pharmaceutique-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"steril &#xE7;al&#x131;&#x15F;ma ko&#x15F;ullar&#x131;nda tablet &#xFC;reten koruyucu k&#x131;yafetli kad&#x131;n\" class=\"wp-image-36056\" style=\"width:350px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/industrie-pharmaceutique-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/industrie-pharmaceutique-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/industrie-pharmaceutique-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/industrie-pharmaceutique-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/industrie-pharmaceutique-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p><strong>End\u00fcstriyel s\u00fcre\u00e7ler<\/strong>, aktif farmas\u00f6tik bile\u015fenin (hammadde) \u00fcretiminden farmas\u00f6tik bir formun (tablet, kaps\u00fcl, merhem, \u015furup, sprey, vb.) \u00fcretimine kadar uzanmaktad\u0131r. \u0130la\u00e7 \u00fcretim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerindeki bir\u00e7ok i\u015flem solvent i\u00e7erir ve VOC emisyonuna yol a\u00e7ar: bir mikserin y\u00fcklenmesi, at\u0131k depolama tanklar\u0131n\u0131n doldurulmas\u0131, temizlemeden \u00f6nce \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in <strong>borulara steril hava enjekte<\/strong> edilmesi, solventin tanker kamyonlar\u0131ndan depolama <strong>varillerine<\/strong> aktar\u0131lmas\u0131, kalite kontrol i\u00e7in numune al\u0131nmas\u0131 vb. \u0130la\u00e7 end\u00fcstrisi VOC yayan yakla\u015f\u0131k elli solvent kullanmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar aras\u0131nda CMR olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lan yakla\u015f\u0131k on spesifik VOC bulunmaktad\u0131r: dioksan, kloroform, dimetilformamid, dikloroetan, metilen klor\u00fcr, perkloroetilen, dimetilamin, diglyme ve triglyme.   <\/p>\n\n<p><em>\u0130la\u00e7 \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in VOC azaltma stratejisi<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Solvent kullanan ve VOC yayan her operasyon kaynakta yakalama ve ar\u0131tma gerektirir. Genellikle kullan\u0131lan i\u015flem, termal oksidasyonun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra aktif karbon \u00fczerinde adsorpsiyondur. VOC emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n en aza indirilmesi, <strong>ka\u00e7ak emisyonlar\u0131<\/strong> azaltmak i\u00e7in kaynaklar\u0131n izole edilmesini ve kapal\u0131 bir devrede kurutulmas\u0131n\u0131, kapal\u0131 ekipman temizleme i\u015flemlerini ve VOC&#8217;lerin a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131klardan do\u011frudan de\u015farj\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan yerlerde proses tasfiyelerinin devridaimini i\u00e7erir. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin ikame edilmesi daha zordur \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunlar s\u00fcrece katk\u0131da bulunan <strong>fizikokimyasal \u00f6zellikleri <\/strong>i\u00e7in se\u00e7ilirler. \u00dcretici, duruma g\u00f6re, proseste kullan\u0131lan solventi daha az toksik VOC yayan bir solventle de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir.      <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Makine m\u00fchendisli\u011fi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde hangi VOC&#8217;ler yay\u0131l\u0131r ve azaltma stratejileri nelerdir?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Bu i\u015flem esas olarak i\u015fleme \u00f6ncesinde veya sonras\u0131nda metal y\u00fczeylerin gres, kesme s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131, ya\u011flar ve kat\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131klardan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in temizlenmesini i\u00e7erir. Ama\u00e7 ya bir sonraki i\u015flem i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131k yapmak ya da y\u00fczeyin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc iyile\u015ftirmektir. Temizlik, solvent bazl\u0131 kimyasal eylemi, mekanik eylemi (ultrason, p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtme, manuel veya mekanik \u00e7alkalama) ve kimyasal verimlili\u011fi art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in belirli bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k seviyesini birle\u015ftirebilir. Durulama ve kurutma genellikle bunu takip eder. Bu t\u00fcr i\u015flemlerde geleneksel olarak yay\u0131lan VOC&#8217;ler \u015funlard\u0131r: halojenli VOC&#8217;ler (perkloroetilen, diklorometan, trikloroetilen), hidrokarbon VOC&#8217;ler ve oksijenli VOC&#8217;ler (aseton, etanol, izopropanol, glikol eterler, glikol esterler, metil etil keton).    <\/p>\n\n<p><em>Makine m\u00fchendisli\u011fi end\u00fcstrisi i\u00e7in VOC azaltma stratejisi<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>VOC&#8217;ler kayna\u011f\u0131nda yakalan\u0131r ve \u00f6ncelikli olarak aktif karbon filtrasyonu ile geri kazan\u0131l\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakiler VOC&#8217;lerin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir: <strong>solventlerin deterjanlarla de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi<\/strong> (daha az VOC yayan katk\u0131 maddeleri ile), y\u00fczey aktif maddeler ve bakteri i\u00e7eren deterjanlar (biyojenik VOC emisyonlar\u0131), agrosolventler; termal s\u0131y\u0131rma; lazer veya so\u011fuk plazma i\u015flemleri (n\u00fckleer ve havac\u0131l\u0131k end\u00fcstrileri), buz veya kuru buz patlatma (tek seferlik uygulamalar),<strong> CO<\/strong><strong><sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><strong> (<\/strong> \u015fu anda sanayile\u015ftirilmektedir). <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u00f6k\u00fcmhane s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde hangi VOC&#8217;ler sal\u0131n\u0131r ve azaltma stratejileri nelerdir?<\/h3>\n\n<p>D\u00f6k\u00fcm, metal bir par\u00e7a \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in erimi\u015f metalin bir kal\u0131ba d\u00f6k\u00fclmesini i\u00e7erir. Kal\u0131p, <strong>kumdan ye\u015file s\u00fcreci <\/strong>(kum + kil + karbon) veya kimyasal ayar s\u00fcreci (kum + re\u00e7ine) kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131labilir. Kimyasal ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131, kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, kal\u0131plama ve ma\u00e7a yap\u0131m\u0131, depolama, d\u00f6k\u00fcm ve so\u011futma s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli VOC&#8217;lerin \u00fcretilmesine neden olur. End\u00fcstriyel s\u00fcre\u00e7 s\u0131ras\u0131nda yay\u0131lan ana VOC&#8217;ler \u015funlard\u0131r: u\u00e7ucu organik karbon, <strong>aromatik hidrokarbon<\/strong> VOC&#8217;ler: benzen, etilbenzen, toluen, ksilen (BTEX), aldehitler (formaldehit, akrolein, asetaldehit), fenol, alkol, esterler dahil oksijenli VOC&#8217;ler.   <\/p>\n\n<p><em>D\u00f6k\u00fcm end\u00fcstrisi i\u00e7in VOC azaltma stratejisi<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>\u0130lk strateji, emisyonlar\u0131 emici davlumbazlar kullanarak kayna\u011f\u0131nda yakalamak ve s\u00fcrecin \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u015famalar\u0131nda ar\u0131tmakt\u0131r. Emisyonlar\u0131 <strong>kayna\u011f\u0131nda azaltmak<\/strong> i\u00e7in, ye\u015fil kum prosesinde <strong>grafit kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/strong> u\u00e7ucu karbonu azalt\u0131r. Kimyasal ayarlama s\u00fcrecinde ise e\u011filim, daha az VOC yayan bile\u015fenlere sahip re\u00e7inelerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>U\u00e7ucu organik bile\u015fikler (VOC&#8217;ler) ve kokular \u00e7e\u015fitli end\u00fcstriyel prosesler taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilebilir. Bu proseslerden kaynaklanan potansiyel VOC emisyon kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi, etkili azaltma stratejilerinin geli\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":82096,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"End\u00fcstriyel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde VOC'ler. Hangi azaltma stratejisi? ","_seopress_titles_desc":"U\u00e7ucu organik bile\u015fikler (VOC'ler) ve kokular \u00e7e\u015fitli end\u00fcstriyel prosesler taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilebilir. Potansiyel VOC emisyon kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi. ","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[299],"tags":[306],"class_list":["post-52664","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bizim-tavsiyemiz","tag-entete-small-tr","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","no-featured-image-padding","resize-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52664","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52664"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52664\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":82823,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52664\/revisions\/82823"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/82096"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52664"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52664"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52664"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}