{"id":52828,"date":"2024-01-02T15:02:54","date_gmt":"2024-01-02T13:02:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/conseils\/endustriyel-surecler-ve-endustriyel-toz-toplayicilar-kullanilarak-patlama-veya-yangin-risklerinin-onlenmesi\/"},"modified":"2025-04-15T10:18:46","modified_gmt":"2025-04-15T08:18:46","slug":"procedes-industriels-prevention-risques-explosion-depoussiereurs-industriels","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/bizim-tavsiyemiz\/procedes-industriels-prevention-risques-explosion-depoussiereurs-industriels\/","title":{"rendered":"End\u00fcstriyel s\u00fcre\u00e7ler ve end\u00fcstriyel toz toplay\u0131c\u0131lar kullan\u0131larak patlama veya yang\u0131n risklerinin \u00f6nlenmesi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Bir\u00e7ok end\u00fcstriyel sistem<\/strong> yan\u0131c\u0131 toz \u00fcr\u00fcnler kullan\u0131r veya yan\u0131c\u0131 toz \u00fcretir. Bu \u00fcretim sistemlerinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yang\u0131n ve patlama risklerine yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Bu riskler, kullan\u0131lan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ve s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin \u00f6zelliklerinden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, i\u015f\u00e7i g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve \u00e7evrenin korunmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin mevzuat, \u015firketlerin uygun \u00f6nleme ve koruma ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kurmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmektedir. En yayg\u0131n \u00f6nleyici tedbir, <strong>partik\u00fcllerin s\u00fcspansiyonunu ve ortam havas\u0131ndaki<\/strong> veya ekipmandaki <strong>konsantrasyonlar\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> kontrol etmektir. Bu, proseslerdeki tozu gidermek i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f emme ve filtreleme sistemleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir.     <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Toz \u00fcr\u00fcnler kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda veya toz yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yang\u0131n veya patlama nas\u0131l meydana gelir?<\/h2>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"585\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/feu-brulant-fumee-nature-enfer-destructeur-dechaine-ia-generative-1024x585.jpg\" alt=\"End&#xFC;striyel bir ortamda patlama\" class=\"wp-image-27444\" style=\"width:586px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/feu-brulant-fumee-nature-enfer-destructeur-dechaine-ia-generative-1024x585.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/feu-brulant-fumee-nature-enfer-destructeur-dechaine-ia-generative-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/feu-brulant-fumee-nature-enfer-destructeur-dechaine-ia-generative-768x439.jpg 768w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/feu-brulant-fumee-nature-enfer-destructeur-dechaine-ia-generative-1536x878.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/feu-brulant-fumee-nature-enfer-destructeur-dechaine-ia-generative-2048x1170.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p>Baz\u0131 <strong>end\u00fcstriyel faaliyetler<\/strong>, \u00f6zellikle de toz kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erenler, havada patlamaya veya yang\u0131na neden olabilecek tozlar yayar.<strong> Patlay\u0131c\u0131 bir atmosfer<\/strong> (ATEX) olu\u015fturan yan\u0131c\u0131 bir toz bulutu olu\u015ftururlar. ATEX, do\u011fru ko\u015fullar sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda patlayacakt\u0131r.    <\/p>\n\n<p>Bir ba\u015fka olas\u0131l\u0131k da toz bulutunun \u00e7\u00f6kmesidir. Toz daha sonra ekipman ve at\u00f6lye zemininde katmanlar halinde birikir. Ekipman\u0131n \u0131s\u0131s\u0131na veya partik\u00fcllerin kimyasal bile\u015fimine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, bu toz k\u00fctlesinin kendi kendine \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131 veya piroliz olu\u015fturarak yang\u0131na veya patlamaya yol a\u00e7mas\u0131 muhtemeldir.    <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Bu fenomenlerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131<\/strong>, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da \u00f6zetledi\u011fimiz belirli ko\u015fullar\u0131 gerektirir (daha fazla bilgi i\u00e7in ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 ATEX makalelerine bak\u0131n).<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Toz kendi kendine nas\u0131l \u0131s\u0131n\u0131r ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Baz\u0131 toz birikintilerinin<strong> \u00f6zel kimyasal bile\u015fimi<\/strong>, kendili\u011finden ekzotermik bir kimyasal reaksiyonu tetikleyebilir. Ve birikintinin ko\u015fullar\u0131, ortam havas\u0131ndaki da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131ndan daha h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretimine neden olabilir. Toz tabakas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, reaksiyon sistemine herhangi bir d\u0131\u015f \u0131s\u0131 eklenmeden y\u00fckselir. Bu kendi kendine \u0131s\u0131nmad\u0131r. S\u0131cakl\u0131ktaki art\u0131\u015f reaksiyon h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u0131s\u0131 art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta yava\u015f olan \u0131s\u0131nma, <strong>akkor haline gelmeye veya kendi kendine tutu\u015fmaya<\/strong> kadar ilerleyebilir. Yerel ortam\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak (\u0131s\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na duyarl\u0131 malzemenin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yan\u0131c\u0131 toz bulutunun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, vb), ka\u00e7ak reaksiyon bir yang\u0131na veya patlamaya yol a\u00e7abilir. Kendi kendine \u0131s\u0131nma olgusu bu nedenle yang\u0131n ve patlaman\u0131n \u00f6n haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.       <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Toz pirolizi nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Piroliz, <strong>organik bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn<\/strong> y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131 etkisi alt\u0131nda ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oksijenli veya oksijensiz bir atmosferin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda <strong>kimyasal olarak ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong> anlam\u0131na gelir.  <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Bir toz birikintisinin kendi kendine \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131<\/strong> veya toz birikintisinin bulundu\u011fu s\u0131cak bir y\u00fczeyden gelen \u0131s\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f\u0131, birikintinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oksijenli veya oksijensiz k\u0131sm\u0131nda piroliz gazlar\u0131 \u00fcretebilir.  <\/p>\n\n<p>Bu gazlar atmosferde birikebilir. Pirolizi tetikleyen<strong>termal enerji<\/strong> veya ba\u015fka bir enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 bu gazlar\u0131 tutu\u015fturabilir. Konsantrasyonlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, tutu\u015fma bir yang\u0131n veya patlamaya neden olacakt\u0131r. Kendili\u011finden \u0131s\u0131nma gibi, toz pirolizi de yang\u0131n veya patlaman\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr.   <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Toz yang\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7in ko\u015fullar nelerdir?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Bir <strong>toz yang\u0131n\u0131<\/strong>, piroliz s\u0131ras\u0131nda tozun ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yan\u0131c\u0131 gazlar\u0131n yanmas\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r. Yang\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 unsurun yeterli miktarda bulunmas\u0131 halinde ba\u015flar: yak\u0131t (gaz), oksitleyici (havadaki oksijen) ve aktivasyon enerjisi (\u0131s\u0131, k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131m, harici alev, vs.). Yan\u0131c\u0131 gazlar\u0131n kademeli olarak yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan havayla kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yang\u0131n\u0131n alevini besler. Alev zehirli duman ve yang\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan bir \u0131s\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<strong> Is\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan kaynaklanan radyasyon <\/strong>bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 kaplar\u0131n veya di\u011fer yan\u0131c\u0131 maddelerin patlamas\u0131na neden olabilir.      <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Toz patlamas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli ko\u015fullar nelerdir?<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>Patlama<\/strong>, patlay\u0131c\u0131 bir atmosferin (ATEX) yo\u011fun enerji a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kararak <strong>aniden yanmas\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong>. ATEX&#8217;teki gazlar\u0131n hacminde, s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve bas\u0131nc\u0131nda dramatik bir art\u0131\u015f e\u015flik eder. <\/p>\n\n<p>Bir toz patlamas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilecek alt\u0131 ko\u015ful vard\u0131r. Bunlardan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc yang\u0131na neden olanlarla ayn\u0131d\u0131r: hava, toz ve bir <strong>ate\u015fleme kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> ayn\u0131 anda bulunmas\u0131. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fc yanma reaksiyonunu h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r: tozun havada homojen bir \u015fekilde as\u0131l\u0131 kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan gran\u00fclometrik incelik, havada patlay\u0131c\u0131 aral\u0131\u011fa ula\u015fan bir toz konsantrasyonu ve bas\u0131nc\u0131n yanmay\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olarak hareket etmesi i\u00e7in yeterli hapsetme.    <\/p>\n\n<p>Tesislerde ve i\u015fletim ekipmanlar\u0131nda toz ATEX&#8217;leri olu\u015fur. Patlama sonucu<strong> olu\u015fan termal ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 etkileri<\/strong> \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131n\u0131 ve ki\u015fisel g\u00fcvenli\u011fi tehdit eder. <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"479\" height=\"351\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/hexagone_de_lexplosion.png\" alt=\"patlama alt&#x131;gen\" class=\"wp-image-27449\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/hexagone_de_lexplosion.png 479w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/hexagone_de_lexplosion-300x220.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 479px) 100vw, 479px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Toz yang\u0131n\u0131 ile toz patlamas\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki fark nedir?<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>Bir patlaman\u0131n tetiklendi\u011fi ba\u011flam<\/strong>, her bir fenomen di\u011ferine yol a\u00e7abilse de, bir yang\u0131n\u0131nkinden <strong>farkl\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<p>Bir patlamada, yan\u0131c\u0131 toz ve hava kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6nceden mevcuttur. \u00d6nceden kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f alev kendi kendine yay\u0131larak bir yanma dalgas\u0131 olu\u015fturur.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Bir yang\u0131nda, tozun pirolizi gaz \u015feklinde yak\u0131t sa\u011flar. Tutu\u015fan piroliz gaz\u0131\/hava kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Ve dif\u00fczyon alevi, toz onu besledi\u011fi s\u00fcrece korunur.    <\/p>\n\n<p>Bir patlamada reaktanlar \u00f6nceden kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan,<strong> enerji verimi bir yang\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksektir<\/strong>. Bir yang\u0131nda, patlamaya k\u0131yasla \u00e7ok daha yava\u015f olan olay\u0131n kineti\u011fini belirleyen, yan\u0131c\u0131 gazlar\u0131n tozdan yay\u0131lma ve havaya kar\u0131\u015fma h\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yang\u0131nlar ve toz patlamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli mevzuat h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine genel bak\u0131\u015f.<\/h2>\n\n<p>Tozun neden oldu\u011fu<strong> patlamalar ve yang\u0131nlar<\/strong>, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini etkilemekte ve i\u015fletme sahas\u0131ndaki ekipman\u0131 tahrip etmekte ve \u00e7evre i\u00e7in potansiyel sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furmaktad\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, \u0130\u015f Kanunu ve \u00c7evre Kanunu bu olaylar\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi i\u00e7in bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Bir\u00e7ok durumda bu, Avrupa hukukunun i\u00e7 hukuka aktar\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<strong>\u0130\u015fveren, tesislerin<\/strong> ve \u00f6nleme ve koruma sistemlerinin y\u00f6netmeliklere uygun<strong>olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong>.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Yang\u0131nla ilgili olarak, Frans\u0131z \u0130\u015f Kanunu tesislerin yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 (tahliye ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131), \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131 (alarmlar\u0131n ve yang\u0131n s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin kurulmas\u0131 vb.) ve kazalar\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesini d\u00fczenlemektedir.<\/p>\n\n<p>Patlamalarla ilgili olarak, Frans\u0131z \u0130\u015f Kanunu i\u015fverenlerin ATEX (Patlay\u0131c\u0131 Ortamlar) ile ilgili riskleri de\u011ferlendirmelerini ve patlaman\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi ve bir patlama durumunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00f6zel \u00f6nlemler almalar\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmektedir. Kapsam\u0131   <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ATEX&#8217;in olu\u015fabilece\u011fi <strong>b\u00f6lgelerin tan\u0131m\u0131 <\/strong>(bkz. ATEX b\u00f6lgelendirmesi)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>patlama riskine maruz kalan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar i\u00e7in <strong>organizasyonel d\u00fczenlemeler<\/strong> <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ATEX b\u00f6lgelerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilecek<strong> ekipman se\u00e7imi<\/strong> <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>ATEX b\u00f6lgesi tabelas\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Toz bulutlar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi, y\u00f6netmelikler katmanlar\u0131, birikintileri ve toz y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 ATEX kaynaklar\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p>Frans\u0131z <strong>\u00c7evre Kanunu<\/strong> genel olarak yang\u0131n ve patlamalar\u0131, \u00f6zel olarak da bunlar\u0131n ICPE&#8217;lere (Installations Class\u00e9es pour la Protection de l&#8217;Environnement) biti\u015fik alanlar \u00fczerindeki etkilerini kapsamaktad\u0131r. ICPE isimlendirmesi, bu tesisleri kullan\u0131lan veya \u00fcretilen maddelere ve faaliyetlerin tehlikeli do\u011fas\u0131na g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131r. Bu isimlendirme, \u00c7evre Kanunu ve Avrupa y\u00f6netmelikleri (\u00f6zellikle Seveso 3) taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen tedbirlere at\u0131fta bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ba\u015fl\u0131klar, yang\u0131n veya patlamaya neden olabilecek yan\u0131c\u0131 maddeleri (\u00f6zellikle yan\u0131c\u0131 kat\u0131lar, yan\u0131c\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnler) ve patlay\u0131c\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnleri tan\u0131mlar. \u00dcr\u00fcnler veya faaliyetler taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen toz bu isimlendirme alt\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.    <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">End\u00fcstriyel s\u00fcre\u00e7ler ve yang\u0131n veya patlama riski<\/h2>\n\n<p>Yan\u0131c\u0131 toz \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 end\u00fcstriyel prosesler ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak toz bulutlar\u0131 ve birikintileri \u00fcretir. Bu nedenle yang\u0131n veya patlama riski vard\u0131r. Bir<strong>toz emme sisteminin<\/strong> kurulmas\u0131 tercih edilen bir \u00f6nleyici tedbirdir.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dcr\u00fcn transfer s\u00fcre\u00e7leri ve patlama ve yang\u0131n riskleri<\/h3>\n\n<p>Sekt\u00f6r, hareket eksenlerine (yatay, dikey, e\u011fim) uyarlanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7e\u015fitli toz aktar\u0131m s\u00fcre\u00e7leri kullanmaktad\u0131r: konvey\u00f6r bantlar, zincirli konvey\u00f6rler, Ar\u015fimet vidalar\u0131, kep\u00e7e asans\u00f6rleri, pn\u00f6matik ta\u015f\u0131ma.  <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00dcr\u00fcn partik\u00fcllerinin havada as\u0131l\u0131 kalmas\u0131na dayanan pn\u00f6matik ta\u015f\u0131mada, boru i\u00e7inde bir ATEX olu\u015fabilir. Di\u011fer ta\u015f\u0131ma modlar\u0131nda, \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ekipman\u0131n bir ucundan d\u00f6k\u00fclmesi ve di\u011fer ucundan bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131 veya ta\u015f\u0131man\u0131n titre\u015fimleri toz bulutlar\u0131na neden olur. Ekipman kapal\u0131 ise,<strong> y\u00fckleme ve bo\u015faltma noktalar\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> i\u00e7inde ve yak\u0131n\u0131nda ATEX olu\u015fabilir. Kapal\u0131 de\u011filse, t\u00fcm oda ATEX riski alt\u0131ndad\u0131r.     <\/p>\n\n<p>Havadaki tozun \u00e7\u00f6kelmesi tortu olu\u015fturur. Bir muhafaza olsa bile, cihaz\u0131n alt\u0131nda ve \u00e7evresinde toz birikecektir; s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131k hi\u00e7bir zaman tam de\u011fildir. Y\u00f6netmelikler toz birikintilerini potansiyel ATEX olarak de\u011ferlendirmektedir.    <\/p>\n\n<p>Ekipman ar\u0131zalar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 mekanik par\u00e7alar aras\u0131ndaki tutukluklar ve s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme gibi olaylar, <strong>ATEX ate\u015fleme<\/strong> kayna\u011f\u0131 <strong>olabilecek<\/strong> \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretecektir. Pn\u00f6matik ta\u015f\u0131mada, partik\u00fcller ve boru duvarlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme, partik\u00fcllerin ve ekipman\u0131n elektrostatik olarak y\u00fcklenmesine neden olur. Elektrostatik de\u015farj genellikle bu t\u00fcr ekipmanlarda ATEX patlamas\u0131na neden olur. Son olarak, prosese yabanc\u0131 metalik veya mineral elementlerin neden oldu\u011fu \u015foklar bir ATEX&#8217;i ate\u015fleyebilir.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Ta\u015f\u0131ma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin kaza bilimi \u00f6zellikle \u015funlar\u0131 rapor etmektedir: konvey\u00f6r bantlar\u0131ndaki yang\u0131nlar, kald\u0131rma kovalar\u0131ndaki ve pn\u00f6matik borulardaki patlamalar.<\/p>\n\n<p>Yang\u0131n ve patlama \u00f6nleme tedbirleri \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u00fc\u015fme noktalar\u0131ndaki ve\/veya ekipman\u0131n g\u00f6vdesindeki <strong>toz bulutlar\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> bir toz emme sistemi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla <strong>emilmesi<\/strong>,  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cihaz\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki toz birikintilerinin emilmesi (ATEX s\u00fcp\u00fcrgesi),  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>elektrostatik de\u015farjlar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in topraklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>anormal s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme ve \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131 tespit etmek i\u00e7in kontrol ara\u00e7lar\u0131.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong> Harici ate\u015fleme kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong> (s\u0131cak noktalar, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma vb.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Yang\u0131n ve patlamaya kar\u015f\u0131 koruma \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Yang\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in <strong>ekipman\u0131n ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 <\/strong>,  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Patlama riskini azaltmak i\u00e7in <strong>ekipman\u0131n<\/strong> havaland\u0131rma delikleri veya bas\u0131n\u00e7 art\u0131r\u0131c\u0131larla <strong>donat\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Depolama s\u00fcre\u00e7leri ve patlama veya yang\u0131n riskleri<\/h3>\n\n<p>Hacimler, kaplar\u0131n \u015fekli (silo, big bag, vb.), depolama s\u00fcresi ve ko\u015fullar\u0131 (s\u0131cakl\u0131k, nem, vb.) faaliyete g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fmektedir.  <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Bir kab\u0131n toz halindeki bir \u00fcr\u00fcnle doldurulmas\u0131<\/strong>, kab\u0131n havas\u0131ndaki partik\u00fclleri ask\u0131ya alarak bir ATEX olu\u015fturabilir. Doldurma veya ta\u015f\u0131ma ayn\u0131 zamanda kab\u0131n hava bo\u015flu\u011funa sal\u0131nan elektrostatik y\u00fckler olu\u015fturabilir. Elektrostatik bir de\u015farj daha sonra ATEX&#8217;i ate\u015fleyebilir.  <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00dcr\u00fcnlerin depolanmas\u0131 ve ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ekipmanlar birle\u015ftirildi\u011finde, cihazlar aras\u0131ndaki ge\u00e7i\u015f hi\u00e7bir zaman tamamen su ge\u00e7irmez de\u011fildir. Zaman i\u00e7inde tortular olu\u015facakt\u0131r. Bu birikintilerin yeniden s\u00fcspansiyonu bir ATEX olu\u015fturabilir.    <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Bir tozun toplu olarak depolanmas\u0131<\/strong>, maddenin kendi kendine \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatabilir. Bu da yang\u0131n veya i\u00e7in i\u00e7in yanan ate\u015f \u015feklinde yanmaya yol a\u00e7abilir ve bu da yak\u0131ndaki bir ATEX&#8217;i tutu\u015fturabilir. Depolama s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin kaza bilimi, kendi kendine \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n yang\u0131nlar\u0131n %80&#8217;inden fazlas\u0131n\u0131 ve patlamalar\u0131n %10&#8217;undan az\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturdu\u011funu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.  <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00d6nleme eylemleri \u015funlard\u0131r:  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Doldurma s\u0131ras\u0131nda<\/strong>, bo\u015faltma noktas\u0131na m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca yak\u0131n bir yerde, bir toz emme sistemi kullanarak <strong>tozu vakumlay\u0131n<\/strong>  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Depolama s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kritik s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131nda tutun veya depolama hacmini yerel s\u0131cakl\u0131k ko\u015fullar\u0131na uyarlay\u0131n;  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>yanmay\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in <strong>deponun alt k\u0131sm\u0131na hava giri\u015flerini yasaklay\u0131n<\/strong>,  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CO (az oksijenli yanma g\u00f6stergesi) ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 (termal prob, k\u0131z\u0131l\u00f6tesi kamera) tespit etmek i\u00e7in ekipman kullan\u0131n.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Koruma \u00f6nlemleri \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>yanmay\u0131 durdurmak i\u00e7in<strong>kab\u0131n <\/strong>i\u00e7ini bo\u015faltmak,  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bas\u0131n\u00e7 art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 durdurmak ve depolama yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in havaland\u0131rma deliklerinin<strong>kurulmas\u0131<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Par\u00e7alama i\u015flemleri ve patlama veya yang\u0131n riskleri.<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u00dc\u00e7 ana \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme i\u015flemi vard\u0131r:  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong> Ezerek \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme<\/strong>, kaba partik\u00fcl boyutuna sahip<strong> \u00fcr\u00fcnleri s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r<\/strong>.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hava jetli<\/strong> \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme ve y\u0131pratmal\u0131 \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme, \u00fcr\u00fcn tanelerini \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma yoluyla birka\u00e7 par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011fa ay\u0131r\u0131r. \u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn gran\u00fclometrisi, bir hava ak\u0131m\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131na izin verir.   <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Son iki i\u015flem toz halindeki \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ATEX riski olu\u015fturmayacak \u015fekilde havada seyreltir. \u00d6te yandan, k\u0131rma i\u015flemi havaya kar\u0131\u015fan ince tozlar \u00fcretir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla par\u00e7alay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde s\u00fcrekli bir ATEX riski vard\u0131r.    <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Ezme i\u015flemi \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u0131s\u0131t\u0131r<\/strong>. Bazen kendi kendine tutu\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in, \u00f6zellikle de kolayca oksitlenebiliyorsa, so\u011futulmas\u0131 gerekir. Ezilmeye kar\u015f\u0131 daha diren\u00e7li olan yabanc\u0131 cisimler, s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmeyi ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kom\u015fu par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rarak \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131na ve alev almas\u0131na neden olabilir. Ayr\u0131ca <strong>ATEX&#8217;i tutu\u015fturmak<\/strong> ve bir patlamaya neden olmak i\u00e7in yeterli enerjiye sahip k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131mlara neden olabilirler.     <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00d6nleme ara\u00e7lar\u0131 :  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>ince tozlar\u0131 yakalamak i\u00e7in<\/strong> bir <strong>toz emme sistemi<\/strong> kurun;  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kta veya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck aktivasyon enerjisiyle (10 ila 100 mJ) tutu\u015fan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin inert bir atmosferde \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fclmesi;  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Is\u0131nmay\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131r<\/strong> ve proses giri\u015fine yabanc\u0131 maddelerin girmesini \u00f6nler (eleme, metal alg\u0131lama, vb.);  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek ve de\u011firmen \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda parlayan partik\u00fclleri tespit etmek<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Koruma \u00f6nlemleri :  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>ATEX patlamaya dayan\u0131kl\u0131 bir par\u00e7alay\u0131c\u0131 kullan\u0131n<\/strong>;  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>toz giderme sistemini<\/strong> par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f malzemeyi alan hazneden ay\u0131r\u0131n;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemi: patlama ve yang\u0131n riskleri<\/h3>\n\n<p>Kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma kat\u0131 maddeler aras\u0131nda (kuru kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma) veya <strong>kat\u0131lar ve s\u0131v\u0131lar aras\u0131nda<\/strong> (s\u0131v\u0131 fazda kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma) ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilir. \u00dcr\u00fcnlerden biri yan\u0131c\u0131 ise kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/bizim-tavsiyemiz-tr\/toz-giderme-islemi-ve-patlama-veya-yangin-riski\/\">yang\u0131n veya patlama riski<\/a> olu\u015fturur. <\/p>\n\n<p>Kuru harmanlama: t\u00fcm toz halindeki maddeler i\u015fleme ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce eklenir. Kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n doldurulmas\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 bir ince toz bulutu olu\u015fturur. Her iki i\u015flemde de, <strong>bir madde yan\u0131c\u0131 ise ATEX olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> vard\u0131r. Dolum hunisinde ve kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma kafas\u0131nda durum b\u00f6yledir.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131dan ge\u00e7en \u00fcr\u00fcn ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 <strong>kat\u0131 partik\u00fclleri elektriksel olarak y\u00fckleyebilir<\/strong>. Toz bulutunun tutu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 tetikleyen bir elektrostatik bo\u015falma meydana gelebilir. Bu olay kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kafas\u0131nda veya besleme hunisinde meydana gelebilir.    <\/p>\n\n<p>S\u0131v\u0131 fazda homojenle\u015ftirme yoluyla kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmada, kat\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnler s\u0131v\u0131lardan \u00f6nce veya tam tersi \u015fekilde eklenir. Her iki durumda da tozun eklenmesi yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan riskleri do\u011furur. Eklenen s\u0131v\u0131, ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki bir s\u0131cakl\u0131kta tutu\u015fma \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahip olabilir (\u00f6rn. solvent). Kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131da bir ATEX buhar\u0131 olu\u015facakt\u0131r.     <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Yan\u0131c\u0131 buharlar \u00fcreten s\u0131v\u0131<\/strong> bir <strong>kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m<\/strong> s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, ilk \u00f6nleyici tedbir toz \u00fcr\u00fcn eklenmeden \u00f6nce kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n inert hale getirilmesidir.  <\/p>\n\n<p>\u0130nertleme ile bile, kapak a\u00e7\u0131kken, yan\u0131c\u0131 toz d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde <strong>besleme hunisi bir ATEX olu\u015fturacakt\u0131r<\/strong>. Toz bulutunun kayna\u011f\u0131nda yakalanmas\u0131 (Pouyes halka tipi) her iki kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma prosesinde de ortak olan \u00f6nleme cihaz\u0131d\u0131r.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Hazne, dolumdan \u00f6nce ve daha sonra \u00fcr\u00fcn tanka verilmeden \u00f6nce inert bir hava kilidi ile de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir. Son olarak, doldurma ve inertleme i\u015flemi otomatik valflerle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir hava kilidi ile otomatikle\u015ftirilebilir. <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mekanik y\u00fczey i\u015fleme s\u00fcre\u00e7leri: patlama ve end\u00fcstriyel riskler.<\/h3>\n\n<p>Asitleme, kumlama, parlatma, kumlama&#8230; hepsi farkl\u0131 bir y\u00fczey kalitesi \u00fcretir, ancak hepsi a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 tanelerin genellikle s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir jet kullan\u0131larak yans\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r. Bu taneler darbe alt\u0131nda par\u00e7alan\u0131rken i\u015flenecek y\u00fczeyden ince par\u00e7ac\u0131klar kopar\u0131r. En ince par\u00e7ac\u0131klar havada as\u0131l\u0131 kal\u0131r.  <\/p>\n\n<p>\u0130\u015flem bir muhafaza i\u00e7inde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. <strong>Y\u00fczey veya i\u015flem malzemesi yan\u0131c\u0131<\/strong> ise, ince toz bulutu muhafaza i\u00e7inde ATEX olu\u015fturabilir. Bu nedenle patlama riski vard\u0131r. Bir hazne en a\u011f\u0131r taneleri toplar. Y\u00fczey \u00fczerindeki darbenin \u00fcretti\u011fi \u0131s\u0131 tanelerde tutulursa, haznede birikmeleri yang\u0131n riski ile birlikte kendi kendine \u0131s\u0131nmaya yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131r.    <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00d6nleme, muhafazay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131n\u00e7ta tutan ve ince <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/produits\/depoussiereurs-industriels\/\">toz bulutunu yakalayan end\u00fcstriyel bir toz toplay\u0131c\u0131ya <\/a>ba\u011fl\u0131 bir emme sisteminin kurulmas\u0131ndan; yakalama sistemine bir k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131m dedekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn tak\u0131lmas\u0131ndan olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/mobex3-1024x576.png\" alt=\"Toz toplay&#x131;c&#x131;\" class=\"wp-image-27509\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/mobex3-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/mobex3-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/mobex3-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/mobex3.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Y\u00fczey kaplama i\u015flemleri ve patlama ve yang\u0131n riskleri.<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>Baz\u0131 kaplama i\u015flemleri<\/strong> kat\u0131 toz \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Bu, \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn bir bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava jeti i\u00e7inde s\u00fcspanse edilmesini ve i\u015flenecek y\u00fczeye p\u00fcsk\u00fcrt\u00fclmesini i\u00e7erir. Bu i\u015flem \u00f6zel bir kabinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. \u0130\u015flemi genellikle kaplama filminin k\u00fcrlenmesi takip eder.     <\/p>\n\n<p>P\u00fcsk\u00fcrt\u00fclen \u00fcr\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, <strong>i\u015flem boyama<\/strong> (eriyebilen veya polimerize olabilen organik toz), floklama (lifli organik toz) veya s\u0131cak p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtme veya shooplama (al\u00fcminyum, \u00e7inko veya bak\u0131r tozu) yoluyla metalizasyonu <strong>i\u00e7erir<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<p>Spreyin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 y\u00fczeye inmez ve havaya da\u011f\u0131l\u0131r. ATEX esas olarak p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtme konisinde olu\u015fur. Verimlili\u011fi art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in, p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtme tabancas\u0131 toz taneciklerine i\u015flenecek y\u00fczeyin tersi bir elektrik y\u00fck\u00fc verir. Elektrostatik kuvvet onlar\u0131 kaplanacak y\u00fczeye \u00e7eker. Bir ar\u0131zan\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtme tabancas\u0131 elektrotlar\u0131 ile ekipman veya i\u015flem yap\u0131lacak y\u00fczey aras\u0131nda bir elektrostatik <strong>bo\u015falma<\/strong> meydana gelebilir. Patlama riski gran\u00fclometri ne kadar ince olursa o kadar b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Patlama yang\u0131nla sonu\u00e7lanabilir. Ayr\u0131ca, i\u015flem yap\u0131lacak y\u00fczeyin \u00f6nceden \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 ve k\u00fcrleme f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn tutu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 tetikleyebilir.       <\/p>\n\n<p>Toz boya i\u00e7in yang\u0131n ve patlama \u00f6nleme tedbirleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir:  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>toz toplay\u0131c\u0131 ile <strong>kaynak yakalama<\/strong>,  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>barutun minimum ate\u015fleme enerjisine g\u00f6re uyarlanm\u0131\u015f<strong>silahlar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong>,  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>kabinde <strong>alev tespit edildi<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bir\u00e7ok end\u00fcstriyel sistem yan\u0131c\u0131 toz \u00fcr\u00fcnler kullan\u0131r veya yan\u0131c\u0131 toz \u00fcretir. Bu \u00fcretim sistemlerinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yang\u0131n ve patlama risklerine yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Bu riskler, kullan\u0131lan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ve s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin \u00f6zelliklerinden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, i\u015f\u00e7i g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve \u00e7evrenin korunmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin mevzuat, \u015firketlerin uygun \u00f6nleme ve koruma ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kurmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmektedir. En yayg\u0131n \u00f6nleyici tedbir, partik\u00fcllerin s\u00fcspansiyonunu ve ortam havas\u0131ndaki veya ekipmandaki konsantrasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmektir. Bu, proseslerdeki tozu gidermek i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f emme ve filtreleme sistemleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir.     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":81680,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"End\u00fcstriyel s\u00fcre\u00e7ler ve patlama risklerinin \u00f6nlenmesi","_seopress_titles_desc":"End\u00fcstriyel s\u00fcre\u00e7ler ve patlama risklerinin \u00f6nlenmesi, i\u015f kanunlar\u0131na uyarken \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n nas\u0131l korunaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[299],"tags":[306],"class_list":["post-52828","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bizim-tavsiyemiz","tag-entete-small-tr","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","no-featured-image-padding","resize-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52828","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52828"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52828\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":82064,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52828\/revisions\/82064"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/81680"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52828"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52828"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52828"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}