{"id":67420,"date":"2020-11-20T16:32:55","date_gmt":"2020-11-20T14:32:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/conseils\/facteurs-de-risque\/"},"modified":"2025-05-07T10:12:33","modified_gmt":"2025-05-07T08:12:33","slug":"facteurs-de-risque","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/bizim-tavsiyemiz\/facteurs-de-risque\/","title":{"rendered":"Hava kirlili\u011fi: Risk fakt\u00f6rleri"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Medyada s\u0131k s\u0131k duydu\u011fumuz \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ekolojik etkiye sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, hava kirlili\u011fi sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in de \u00e7ok zararl\u0131d\u0131r.Dr. Rob Beelen (Hollanda’daki Utrecht \u00dcniversitesi) taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen ve 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda The Lancet t\u0131p dergisinde yay\u0131nlanan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re, PM2.5 konsantrasyonunda metrek\u00fcp ba\u015f\u0131na 5 mikrograml\u0131k bir art\u0131\u015f, \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131n\u0131 %7 oran\u0131nda artt\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

Kirleticilerin \u00e7ap\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

Yukar\u0131daki tablo farkl\u0131 kirleticilerin ortalama boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Par\u00e7ac\u0131k ne kadar iriyse, v\u00fccut onunla o kadar \u00e7ok sava\u015fabilir; tersine, par\u00e7ac\u0131k ne kadar inceyse, riskler o kadar b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. <\/p>\n\n

\u0130ki t\u00fcr partik\u00fcl vard\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle g\u00fcne\u015fli g\u00fcnlerde \u00e7\u0131plak g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen 10\u00b5m’den daha b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apa sahip olanlar ve g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclemeyen PM 10’dan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck par\u00e7ac\u0131klar. \u0130kincisi tozun b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur ve ayn\u0131 zamanda en tehlikeli olanlard\u0131r. Dahas\u0131, k\u00fctleleri \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in hava ak\u0131mlar\u0131na maruz kal\u0131rlar ve \u00e7ok kolay da\u011f\u0131l\u0131rlar. T\u00fcm aerosoller bu kategoriye girer. <\/p>\n\n

\"4<\/figure>\n\n

Toz gran\u00fclometrisi ve etkileri<\/h2>\n\n

Yukar\u0131daki diyagram, \u00e7aplar\u0131na g\u00f6re partik\u00fcllerin v\u00fccuda n\u00fcfuz etme seviyesini g\u00f6stermektedir. Ne kadar ince olurlarsa, v\u00fccutta o kadar derine yerle\u015firler ve at\u0131lmalar\u0131 o kadar zor olur. <\/p>\n\n

Do\u011fal olarak v\u00fccut, akci\u011fer kirpikleri sayesinde tozu d\u0131\u015far\u0131 atabilir. Bunlar partik\u00fclleri sindirim sistemine do\u011fru itecek ve sindirim yoluyla ortadan kald\u0131racakt\u0131r. Ancak baz\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonlar daha savunmas\u0131zd\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, sigara i\u00e7enlerin akci\u011fer kirpikleri \u00e7ok daha azd\u0131r, bu nedenle partik\u00fclleri atmalar\u0131 daha uzun s\u00fcrer. Ast\u0131ml\u0131lar hava kirlili\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 daha hassast\u0131r… <\/p>\n\n

Partik\u00fcl toksisitesindeki en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rlerden biri biyolojik kal\u0131c\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r: v\u00fccudun tozu d\u0131\u015far\u0131 atmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre.<\/p>\n\n

Bir di\u011fer fakt\u00f6r de PM 1’dir. Bu partik\u00fcller o kadar incedir ki pulmoner alveollerden ge\u00e7er ve do\u011frudan kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131na ge\u00e7er. Bu durum \u00f6zellikle sigara duman\u0131, vir\u00fcsler, pestisitler vb. i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir. <\/p>\n\n

\"4<\/figure>\n\n

Sedimantasyon s\u00fcresi<\/h2>\n\n

T\u00fcm partik\u00fcller \u00e7\u00f6kelir. Ancak ultra ince partik\u00fcller s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, bunlar\u0131n yere \u00e7\u00f6kmesi birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn s\u00fcrebilir. <\/p>\n\n

\u00c7\u00f6kelme h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen \u015fey tozun k\u00fctlesi ve yo\u011funlu\u011fudur. K\u00fctle ne kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olursa \u00e7\u00f6kelmesi o kadar uzun s\u00fcrer ve hava ak\u0131mlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 o kadar hassas olur. <\/p>\n\n

Yani teorik olarak, t\u00fcm tozun \u00e7\u00f6kmesini beklemek isteseydik, 15 g\u00fcn boyunca i\u015fi tamamen durdurmam\u0131z gerekirdi. Durum neredeyse hi\u00e7bir zaman b\u00f6yle olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, en ince par\u00e7ac\u0131klar her zaman s\u00fcspansiyon halinde kal\u0131r ve yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n

\"4<\/figure>\n\n

\u00d6zel makalemizi ve end\u00fcstriyel hava \u015fartland\u0131rma k\u0131lavuzumuzun tamam\u0131n\u0131<\/a> okuyarak end\u00fcstride toz ve solventlerin ne oldu\u011funu<\/a> \u00f6\u011frenin. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hava kirlili\u011fi sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in \u00e7ok zararl\u0131d\u0131r. Dr. Rob Beelen taraf\u0131ndan 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hollanda’da yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re, PM2.5 konsantrasyonunda metrek\u00fcp ba\u015f\u0131na 5 mikrograml\u0131k bir art\u0131\u015f, \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131n\u0131 %7 oran\u0131nda art\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Kirlilikle ili\u015fkili risk fakt\u00f6rleri hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinin. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":99251,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Pollution de l\u2019air : Facteurs de risque pour la sant\u00e9","_seopress_titles_desc":"Outre un impact \u00e9cologique tr\u00e8s fort dont on entend souvent parler dans les m\u00e9dias, la pollution de l\u2019air est tr\u00e8s nocive pour notre sant\u00e9.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[299],"tags":[306],"class_list":["post-67420","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bizim-tavsiyemiz","tag-entete-small-tr","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","no-featured-image-padding","resize-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67420","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67420"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67420\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":99276,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67420\/revisions\/99276"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99251"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67420"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=67420"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=67420"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}