{"id":98062,"date":"2021-07-29T09:50:37","date_gmt":"2021-07-29T07:50:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/conseils\/vlep-filtration-de-poussiere-reglementation\/"},"modified":"2025-05-07T09:24:24","modified_gmt":"2025-05-07T07:24:24","slug":"vlep-filtration-de-poussiere-reglementation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/bizim-tavsiyemiz\/vlep-filtration-de-poussiere-reglementation\/","title":{"rendered":"Toz filtrasyonu ve VLEP: mevzuat g\u00fcncellemesi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Toz<\/strong>, 100 mikrondan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck <strong>par\u00e7ac\u0131klard\u0131r<\/strong>. Mesleki maruziyet s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferleri<a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/bizim-tavsiyemiz\/reglementation-vlep-evaluation-risque-chimique-lieu-de-travail\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/conseils\/reglementation-vlep-evaluation-risque-chimique-lieu-de-travail\/\">(OELV y\u00f6netmelikleri<\/a>), i\u015fyerinde tozla ilgili olarak al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6nlemleri g\u00f6sterir. Toz ve VLEP, hava kalitesi <strong>kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn <\/strong>uygulanmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. Size yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in INRS, i\u015fyerinde toza maruz kalmay\u0131 \u00f6nleme ve toza kar\u015f\u0131 korunma hakk\u0131nda bilgi sa\u011flar.     <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Mesleki faaliyetlerinizi <\/strong>korumak ve sa\u011fl\u0131k risklerini azaltmak m\u0131 istiyorsunuz? Sizi g\u00fcvenilir bilgilerle destekleyebiliriz. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Toz tan\u0131m\u0131 ve \u00f6nlenmesi<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>Tozlar <\/strong>kristal yap\u0131ya sahip <strong>partik\u00fcllerdir <\/strong>: bir toz yuvarlak \u015fekilli, k\u00f6\u015feli hatlara ve a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 potansiyele sahiptir. Y\u00fcz mikrondan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck t\u00fcm partik\u00fcller (0,1 mm, PM 1, PM 2,5 ve PM 10) bu tehlikeli maddeler kategorisine girer. PM 2.5 (2.5 mikron boyutunda) <strong>konsantrasyonu <\/strong>y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funda,<strong>mesleki maruziyet<\/strong> kanser riski olu\u015fturur.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0130\u015f yerinde toz: farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrler<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar <\/strong>, i\u015fyerinde maruz kal\u0131nan riskler hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok az \u015fey bilmektedir. Risk de\u011ferlendirmesi, \u00f6nleme ve tozun sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00fczerindeki tehlikeli etkilerine kar\u015f\u0131 koruma \u015firketlerin sorumlulu\u011fundad\u0131r. \u0130ki ana <strong>toz<\/strong> t\u00fcr\u00fc vard\u0131r:  <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>inorganik tozlar (end\u00fcstriyel tozlar).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Sans-titre.jpg\" alt=\"&#x130;norganik toz\" class=\"wp-image-14084\" width=\"275\" height=\"100\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Sans-titre.jpg 550w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Sans-titre-300x109.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>organik tozlar (tekstil ve g\u0131da i\u015fleme \u015firketleri).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/textile.jpg\" alt=\"organik toz\" class=\"wp-image-14088\" width=\"275\" height=\"100\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/textile.jpg 550w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/textile-300x109.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sa\u011fl\u0131k i\u00e7in en tehlikeli tozlar<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>10 mikrondan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tozlar<\/strong> (PM10) akci\u011ferlerin alveolar h\u00fccrelerine ula\u015f\u0131r. \u0130nce tozlar do\u011frudan kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131na ge\u00e7er. PM1&#8217;den k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tozlar en tehlikeli olanlard\u0131r ve y\u00fcksek CMR, kanserojen ve patojenik riskler sunarlar. Bu nedenle i\u015fyerindeki hava kalitesinin te\u015fhisi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Toz ne kadar ince olursa, <strong>havadaki konsantrasyonu <\/strong>o kadar y\u00fcksek olur ve s\u00fcspansiyon halinde o kadar uzun s\u00fcre kal\u0131r (1 ila 40 saat aras\u0131nda).    <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-fraction-poussieres.jpg\" alt=\"Organizma - Toksisite\" class=\"wp-image-1840\" width=\"375\" height=\"395\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-fraction-poussieres.jpg 500w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-fraction-poussieres-285x300.jpg 285w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p>Toz ne kadar ince olursa \u00e7\u00f6kelmesi de o kadar uzun s\u00fcrer. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir insan sa\u00e7\u0131 (50\u00b5m) b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki partik\u00fcller h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde \u00e7\u00f6ker (metre ba\u015f\u0131na yakla\u015f\u0131k 6s). Emisyon b\u00f6lgelerinin yak\u0131n\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6kelirler veya hava hareketi \u00e7\u00f6kelmelerini \u00f6nleyecek kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcyse s\u00fcspansiyon halinde kal\u0131rlar. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, 0.1\u00b5m partik\u00fcller molek\u00fcllere benzer \u015fekilde davran\u0131r. Brownian (rastgele) hareketine g\u00f6re hareket ederler ve bu nedenle s\u00fcspansiyon halinde kal\u0131rlar ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir bir \u00e7\u00f6kelme h\u0131zlar\u0131 yoktur. Rahats\u0131z edilmeden 20 g\u00fcnde bir metre d\u00fc\u015ferler. Zorlanm\u0131\u015f hareket (havaland\u0131rma, mekanik havaland\u0131rma, merkezi ekstraksiyon, hava temizleme) olmadan bu en ince ve en tehlikeli partik\u00fcllerin asla \u00e7\u00f6kmeyece\u011fini ve s\u00fcspansiyon halinde kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak kolayd\u0131r.      <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Toz ve VLEP: y\u00f6netmelikler ne diyor<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0130\u015fyerinde <strong>toz ve VLEP <\/strong>nas\u0131l yorumlanmal\u0131d\u0131r? Mesleki tozun \u00fcretim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinden, makine hareketlerinden veya mal ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. <strong>S\u00fcspansiyon halindeki toz partik\u00fcllerinin \u00e7oklu\u011fu<\/strong> sa\u011fl\u0131k riskleri olu\u015fturur. Yasa, v\u00fccuda n\u00fcfuz etme seviyesine g\u00f6re bir <strong>toz s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131<\/strong> olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.   <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Solunabilir partik\u00fcller ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131<\/h3>\n\n<p>Tozun <strong>VLEP<\/strong> &#8216;e oran\u0131, tozun boyutuna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak farkl\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar \u00fcretir. Solunabilir partik\u00fcller 4 mikrondan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apa sahip olanlard\u0131r. G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz gibi, WHO bu <strong>partik\u00fcllerin en tehlikeli oldu\u011fu<\/strong> gerek\u00e7esiyle e\u015fi\u011fi 2.5&#8217;e (PM 2.5) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmektedir. \u0130\u015fyerinde kal\u0131c\u0131 izleme,<strong>bir kutu<\/strong>, bir prob veya bir hava analiz\u00f6r\u00fc<strong>tak\u0131larak<\/strong> m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.   <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs tozu ve penetrasyon: de\u011ferler nelerdir?<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u00dcst solunum yolu, <strong>toplam toz olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan<\/strong> bu <strong>tozlar\u0131<\/strong> filtreler. Boyutlar\u0131 100 mikrondan fazla de\u011fildir ve <strong>torasik fraksiyonlar\u0131 <\/strong>10 mikrondan azd\u0131r. Akci\u011ferlere n\u00fcfuz ederler, bron\u015flar\u0131 tahri\u015f edebilirler ve<strong> ast\u0131m i\u00e7in risk<\/strong> olu\u015ftururlar.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Toz ve VLEP: 8 saatlik maruziyet s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>Ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 VLEP<\/strong> (asbest, ah\u015fap, silika ve kanserojen seramikler i\u00e7in)<strong> maruziyetten<\/strong> kaynaklanan ertelenmi\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131k riski i\u00e7in bir referans de\u011ferdir. Bu ara\u00e7lar i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131na y\u00f6neliktir ve INRS bunlar\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik k\u0131lavuzlar\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131r. \u015eirketlerde<strong> VLEP&#8217;in resmi kontrol\u00fc <\/strong>COFRAC&#8217;\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fundad\u0131r.  <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca okuyun: <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/bizim-tavsiyemiz\/valeur-limite-exposition-professionnelle-ou-vlep\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1999\">Mesleki Maruziyet S\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 veya OEL<\/a> nedir?<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mesleki maruziyet s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri (OEL) 8 saat<\/h3>\n\n<p>Frans\u0131z <strong>\u0130\u015f Kanunu<\/strong>, normal s\u0131cakl\u0131k ko\u015fullar\u0131 alt\u0131nda 8 saatlik VLEP seviyesini tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r.<strong> Ortalama<\/strong> toplam toz<strong> konsantrasyonu<\/strong> 10 mg\/m\u00b3 hava e\u015fi\u011finin alt\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r. <strong>Solunabilir toz<\/strong> un ortalama konsantrasyonu 5 mg\/m\u00b3 havan\u0131n alt\u0131nda kalmal\u0131d\u0131r.  <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca okumaya de\u011fer: <a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/conseils\/vlep-quels-risques-cas-de-non-respect-reglementation\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1816\">VLEP&#8217;lere uymaman\u0131n riskleri nelerdir<\/a>?<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Toz ve 8 saatlik VLEP: birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek<\/h3>\n\n<p>Baz\u0131 <strong>partik\u00fcllerin<\/strong> sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00fczerinde daha zararl\u0131 <strong>etkileri vard\u0131r<\/strong>. VLEP \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc daha kat\u0131d\u0131r: ah\u015fap tozu 1 mg\/m\u00b3, silika tozu 0,1 ile 0,005 mg\/m\u00b3 aras\u0131nda, keten tozu 0,2 mg\/m\u00b3, asbest 10 lif\/cm\u00b3. Bu seviyelerin <strong>a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 <\/strong>halinde \u015firket koruyucu ve \u00f6nleyici tedbirler almal\u0131d\u0131r.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Filtrasyon ve toz giderme \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri mevcuttur<\/h2>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Traitements-des-polluants-VLEP.jpg\" alt=\"vlep ki&#x307;rleti&#x307;ci&#x307;leri&#x307;ni&#x307;n aritilmasi\" class=\"wp-image-14091\" width=\"500\" height=\"100\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Traitements-des-polluants-VLEP.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Traitements-des-polluants-VLEP-300x60.jpg 300w, https:\/\/obera.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Traitements-des-polluants-VLEP-768x154.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p>At\u00f6lyelerinizde <strong>toz probleminiz <\/strong>mi var? OBERA, 20 y\u0131ld\u0131r hava i\u015fleme ve toz giderme konusunda uzmand\u0131r. Personelinizi ve verimlili\u011finizi koruyun, uzmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131za g\u00fcvenin. Bizim doldurun <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/contact\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"124\">\u0130leti\u015fim Formu<\/a><\/strong> sorular\u0131n\u0131za cevap almak i\u00e7in.   <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mesleki maruziyet s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferleri (VLEP y\u00f6netmelikleri) i\u015fyerinde tozla ilgili al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6nlemleri g\u00f6sterir. Size yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in INRS, i\u015fyerinde toza maruz kalmay\u0131 \u00f6nleme ve toza kar\u015f\u0131 korunma hakk\u0131nda bilgi sa\u011flar.   <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":85311,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Toz filtrasyonu ve VLEP: ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak y\u00f6netmelikler","_seopress_titles_desc":"Toz filtreleme ile ilgili y\u00f6netmelikler ve bunlar\u0131n VLEP'leri hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinin. Obera, bu VLEP ile uyumlu ekipmanlar tasarlamaktad\u0131r. ","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[299],"tags":[306],"class_list":["post-98062","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bizim-tavsiyemiz","tag-entete-small-tr","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","no-featured-image-padding","resize-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98062","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=98062"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98062\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":98064,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98062\/revisions\/98064"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/85311"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=98062"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=98062"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obera.fr\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=98062"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}